Gravitational-density Dynamo

[blochee]

You can see all my work at:

http://www.angelfire.com/un/rv

You need to use a "fixed-size" font to view the diagram properly.

I have attached the following text as a .txt file.

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The following is what I call a "Gravitational-density dynamo":

             _____
            |     \_____
semi-   __\ |_____      \_____
permeable / |   | \_____      \_______
material    |   |       \_____        |
(dialysis  |   |             \___    |   
  tubing)   |   |                 |   |     
            |   |
            |   |                       |     
            |   |                       |     
            |   |                       |                   
            |   |                 ------*------  <--\
            |   |                       |           |
            |   |                       |       turbine
            |   |                       |                       
tube B --> |   |                 
  (contains |   |                 |   |
perfluoro- |   |                 |   |
octane)    |   |                 |   |
            |   |                 |   | <-- tube A
            |   |                 |   |      (contains
            |   |_________________|   |       water)
            |            |            |
            |____________|____________|
                         
                        /|\
                          \_ semi-permeable
                             material               
                              (dialysis
                               tubing)       


     Tube A contains 250ml of water.  Tube B contains 750ml of perfluorooctane.  Tube A and tube B are connected to each other by dialysis tubing, which is a semi-permeable material.  Water can permeate through the dialysis tubing, but perfluorooctane can't.  Due to osmotic pressure, the water in tube A will pass through the dialysis tubing entering tube B.  Since water is insoluble in perfluorooctane, and since water is less dense than perfluorooctane, the water will rise to the top of tube B.  The water that has risen will permeate through the dialysis tubing at the top of tube B.  Once enough water has accumulated at the top of tube B, it will fall, turning the turbine, and returning back into tube A. 

     Notice that this dynamo didn't require any input energy, and it will continue to work, creating electricity by turning the turbine (and generator, which is not shown), so long as the perfluorooctane does not seep into tube A through the semi-permeable material.  Eventually, the perfluorooctane will seep through the dialysis tubing (this is a slow process), and so this invention is not a perpetual motion machine.

     But how can this dynamo generate electricity without any input energy?  First, let's observe that the water at the top of tube B has a gravitational potential energy.  When it falls, the gravitational potential energy is realized and is converted into electricity by the turbine (and generator, which is not shown).  But how did the water initially get its gravitational potential energy?  It got its gravitational potential energy by being displaced upward in a fluid (perfluorooctane) that is more dense than it.  Thus, we must conclude that insoluble objects immersed in fluids that are more dense gain gravitational potential energy by being displaced upwards.  However, where is that energy coming from?  By the Law of Conservation of Energy something must lose energy so that another can gain energy.  Since we cannot find anything losing energy, we must conclude that the Law of Conservation of Energy is wrong, and that gravity creates forces which then create/destroy energy; in this case it created energy in the final form of electricity.

     As mentioned before, enough perfluorooctane will eventually seep through the dialysis tubing causing the level of the liquid in tube B to lower such that the water cannot escape through the top of the tube.  And so, the turbine will stop spinning.  At such a point we can easily "unmix" both liquids by pouring all the liquid into a tall cylinder.  If we leave the two liquids in the tall cylinder for awhile then the water will accumalate at the top and the perflourooctane will gather at the bottom.  We know that originally there was 250ml of water.  So, we need only take the top 250ml of liquid (water) from the cylinder and put it into tube A; the rest of the 750ml of liquid (perfluorooctane) can be dispensed back into tube B.

     Thus, this dynamo can continually produce electricity; when the turbine stops turning because the two liquids mix, then we need only unmix the two liquids and restart the dynamo.

     Notice again that this dynamo creates electricity without using any input energy!  Some may argue that we used energy to unmix the two liquids.  That is true, *but* even though we used energy to unmix the two liquids we did not *give* the two liquids energy.  That is, two liquids in separate beakers have the same amount of energy as the same two liquids in the same beaker.

     Notice that the upward force on the water is balanced; that is, the perfluorooctane experiences an equal force downwards.  This, however, does not change the fact that this dynamo creates energy (in the form of electricity) without input energy.

     We can conclude by noting that energy is being created/destroyed all around us.  Gravity and magnetism are prime examples.  Both create forces.  The immediate effect of the forces on the system is nothing (the vectors of the forces cancel each other out).  However, after the immediate effect, and after a minute amount of real time, the forces will do work on the system.  If "positive work" is done, then the system will gain energy.  If "negative work" is done, then the system will lose energy.  Should these forces be sustained for a longer duration of real time, then the forces might be found to have not done any work on the system (that is, it added the same amount of energy that was removed).  Whether "positive work" or "negative work" is done is relative to the frame of reference you are in.

     In all likelihood, the Gravitational-density dynamo isn't practical to create electricity.  I am discussing the Gravitational-density dynamo here simply to demonstrate that the Law of Conservation of Energy is wrong and gravity can create energy.  The fact that the Law of Conservation of Energy is wrong is perhaps nature's cruelest trick.

p.s.  We have shown above that gravity can create energy.  It is always figured that the Universe should collapse due to gravity.  However, gravity doesn't always bring things together.  For example, it is possible to have two planets attract each other but not collide.  Instead of making a collision they can accelerate towards each other and then exit with a greater speed then what they entered with.

Dec. 10, 2006