Self Powered Generators & Motors - Part 37

[seraphis]

Patent Number
GB400572

Title
MAGNETIC DEVICE FOR POWER PRODUCTION

Complete Specification

I, GEORGES BOUGON, a Citizen of the French Republic, of 41, Grant Avenue, San Francisco, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-

The present invention has for its object a magnetic device and more particularly a magnetic device in which several independent magnets are arranged in a new way so as to influence an organ which is moveable through magnetism and set it into movement.

The device according to the present invention is based on a phenomenon the existence of which has been discovered and which is produced when several magnets are displaced, one in relation to the other,  and act upon an organ which is freely displaceable by magnetism, in relation to them.

The present invention consists further of characteristics related to the construction of the device, to the methods of combination and of reciprocal relation of the diverse elements, as will be shown later.

The attached drawings illustrate, by way of an example several forms of application of the invention.

Fig.1   is a perspective view showing the general principle of the invention.
Fig.2   is a perspective view showing the simplest form of the invention.
Fig.3   is a variant of Fig. 2.
Fig.4   is a section on the line IV-IV (Fig. 3) on an enlarged scale.
Fig.5   shows a form of the moving body which can replace the spherical moving body of Fig. 3.
Fig.6   is a plane view of a device for producing a rotating movement.
Fig.7   is a vertical section on the line VII-VII (Fig. 6) seen in the direction of the arrows.
Fig.8   is a vertical section on line VIII-VIII (Fig. 9) showing another device for producing a rotary movement.
Fig.9   is a vertical section on line IX-IX (Fig. 8).
Fig.10 is a partial section showing a variant of the device shown in Fig. 9 in which are used two sets of magnets producing a magnetic field.
Fig.11 is a perspective view showing a variant of the device shown in Fig. 2.
Fig.12 and 13, on the one hand, and
Fig.14 on the other, show in perspective two other variants of devices with rotating movement.
Fig.15 is a plane view of a device similar to the one shown in Fig. 2 in which electro-magnets are used in place of permanent magnets.

Fig.1, which is a diagram of the general principle of the invention, shows two horse-shoe shaped iron magnets (A) and (B) arranged one above the other and displaced one in relation to the other, the middle part of the upper magnet  (A) being substantially placed above the poles of the lower magnet (B), and both magnets being placed in the same direction, as concerns their polarity. Between the magnets (A) and (B) is shown an armature (C) which is so arranged that it can move between them. It must be assumed in what follows that the armature (C) rotates on a suitable support of non-magnetic material arranged between the magnets (A) and (B), this armature being supported in any desired way; this rotation however is not necessary for the theoretical explanation
given in the following.

As will be described, the device according to the present invention consists of a double row of magnets arranged and to end with the magnets (A) and (B) respectively, but we shall first describe the nature of the action which takes place during the passage of the armature (C) between the magnets (A) and (B), and it then follows that a similar action will be produced through a complete row of magnets.

When the armature (C) is in the position shown in the drawing, a certain quantity of the flux which circulates through the magnet (B) between the north and south poles, is shunted by the armature (C) in the direction of the arrow. This causes this armature (C) to be attracted by the said poles. Nevertheless, when this armature comes closer to the poles of the magnet (B), it conserves a certain amount of residual magnetism which tends to transform its foremost extremity into a north pole. As this armature is assumed to be moved with a live force which is only sufficient to move it for a small distance past the extremity of the poles of the magnet (B), it will then, on account of its own magnetisation, be repulsed by these poles to a position where it will shunt a part of the flux of the magnet (A) by which it is attracted in the same conditions as it was before by the magnet (B).

The latter flux circulates in the same direction as the assumed residual magnetism, which has the effect of increasing the forces of repulsion exercised by the magnet (B) until all the attraction forces of this same magnet (B) are surpassed. As the armature (C) continues in its movement, it comes under the attraction influence of the poles of the magnet (A), and is displaced under the action of the latter in the same way as previously by the action of the magnet (B). If we assume that there are a number of magnets (A) and magnets (B) arranged end to end in two parallel superimposed rows as shown in Fig.2, then it is clear that the armature (C) will continue to move between the two rows of magnets of which each adjacent unit will act in the manner just described.

In Fig.2 which illustrates the simplest form of construction, are shown two rows of permanent magnets (10). The upper row is shown as resting on a plate of glass or other non-magnetic material (11), which is separated from another similar plate of glass or the like (12) by means of suitable distance blocks (13), and the lower row of magnets (10) rests against the lower surface of the glass plate (12). As shown in the drawing each one of the magnets (10) has its poles in contact with the rear part of the preceding magnet and all these magnets have their corresponding poles in the same relative position. In other words, they are all arranged in the same way, taking into account their polarity. As is shown in the drawing, the glass plates (11) and (12) are at a sufficient distance one from the other to allow a plate (14) of magnetic material to move freely between them. On Fig.2 this piece (14) consists of a cylinder which can rotate towards the right between the plates (11) and (12), under the influence of the magnetic forces exercised upon it by the magnets.

In Fig.3, in the place of the plates (11) and (12), is shown a tubular piece (13) of glass or other non-magnetic material, through which can be moved freely, by the action of the forces exercised upon it by the magnets (10), a sphere or ball (16) of magnetic material. In this case the magnets are arranged in the same way as in Fig.2.  In Fig.4 can be seen that the magnets (10) are so shaped at their lower part that they can move freely on the tubular piece (16).

In place of the sphere or ball (16), another mobile member can be used, such as the one shown in Fig.5. This mobile member (17) is provided with suitable wheels (18) by means of which it can move freely through the tube (15). The front end of this mobile member has a nose (19) suitably shaped to offer the least possible resistance to air or to great speeds and can be provided at the rear end with a door (20) by which any desired load can be introduced, if the plant is to be used for transport purposes. This mobile member (17) can be constructed of a light non magnetic material, but in order to ensure its propulsion through the tube (15) by the magnets (10) it must have a part (21) of magnetic material.

All that has been said concerning the working when the magnets are arranged in a straight line, is equally true when they are arranged in a circle and there appears to be no need for a theoretical description of the working in this latter case.

In order to construct such a device, producing an initial rotating movement, the magnets (10) may be arranged in two circles of the same diameter, distanced one from the other as shown in Figs. 6 and 7.  In this form of construction, for the sake of greater simplicity, it has been provided that the upper row of magnets was arranged on a glass disc (22) and the lower row against the lower surface of a similar disc (23). A rotatable member (24) is centred between the discs (22) and (23) on a suitable bearing (25). In this form of construction the rotatable member (24) is provided with radial arms (26) at regular intervals one from the other, which extend towards the exterior, between the two circular rows of magnets (10). With this arrangement, when the magnetic forces act upon the arms (26), the rotatable members (24), which are preferably of nonmagnetic material, are caused to rotate around their central support.

The two rows of magnets (10) may also be arranged, one in relation to the other, around their central axis. This arrangement allows the starting and stopping of the rotatable member (24), without exercising on the latter any exterior force, because the mobile field by this means may be displaced until it causes the radial arms (26) to start. The adjustable elements can later be brought back into their initial position, and in order to stop the rotatable member, the adjustable magnets can be brought into a position adjacent to the magnets of the other row, so as to cause a retarding influence upon the arms (26) and finally cause them to stop.

Figs.8 and 9 show yet another form of application of the invention in which the magnets (10) are arranged in circumferential rows on a suitable non magnetic support (27). In this case there is provided a rotor (28) of magnetic material which carries a series of armature members (29) which are perpendicular, in a plane with the said rotor, and arranged at regular intervals one from the other. The parts (29) are thus arranged in a circle and are of such a length that they extend right through the poles of the magnets (10).

It has been found, that with a device of this kind it was possible to vary the torque exercised upon the armature parts (29) by displacing them towards the outside, in such a way that they do not entirely shunt the poles of the magnets (10). For this purpose the rotor (28) is mounted on a shaft (30) in such a way that it can slide along it in an axial direction. The control of this axial movement can be ensured by a collar (31) which is connected by a small rod (32) with a lever (33). The lever (33) is provided with a latch (34) which acts in conjunction with a toothed sector (36) in order to hold the lever (33), and consequently also the armature parts (29) in the desired position in relation to the row of magnets (10). At the end of the shaft (30) is shown a pulley (36) which can be connected with a suitable transmission.

Fig.10 shows another variant, in which are provided two sets of armatures (29) and a supplementary pair of rows of magnets (10). It is evident that in this way the device can be multiplied any desired number of times according to the power which it is desired to obtain. It has also been found that it is possible to increase the power of the device by arranging a series of rows of magnets side by side, as shown in Fig.11. In this Fig. of the drawing are shown magnets arranged in one plane only, but it is clearly evident that it will be necessary to provide a second group at a convenient distance in relation to the first, and consisting of an analogous combination of magnets, each magnet of this second field being arranged at a suitable distance !rom those of the first group, as shown and described in the Figs.1 to 2.

The Figs.12 and 13 show another arrangement of the magnets, according to which the magnets are arranged perpendicularly to the trajectory of the mobile member, while the polar pieces (10a) are, on the contrary, widened parallel to this trajectory, which makes it possible to use a mobile member of larger dimensions. In Fig.12 this construction is applied to a rotatable device, the mobile member (29) of which is integral with a radial arm (28), but it could also be applied to a rectilineal device such as shown in Fig. 2.

In Fig.14 the arrangement of the magnets is the same, but the driving action is transmitted in a different way. The magnetic piece which moves like the piece (14), in Fig.2, forms here the axle (37) of a wheel (38), which gives a certain inertia to the mobile member, and extends towards the centre of the run way, where it is mounted on a pivot (39), which in its turn carries a vertical shaft (40). It is clear that the axle (37) by its circular movement between the magnets will cause the rotation of the shaft (40) from which the power can be taken off by the usual means. A system of angle pinions makes it possible to multiply the movement at will, if desired.

So far the invention has been described as having a series of permanent magnets, but it is evident that electromagnets can also be used. Fig.15 shows such an arrangement in which a suitable coil (41) is so made that it can be placed on a core (42). Magnetic bars (43) and (44) which run parallel to the extremity of the cores (42) and interconnect them, constitute the poles of the electromagnets (41). In order to make this construction more like the one described above, the bars (43) and (44) can be slotted at (45) and (46), as shown in the drawing, in order to control with greater precision the direction of the magnetic flux and the movement of an armature in rotation to it.

Although, for the sake of the clearness of the description and better understanding, well defined devices have been described, it must be understood that the invention is not limited to these forms of application, but can be applied to all the different methods which may suggest themselves to technical experts.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-

1. Magnetic device for power production characterised by the fact that it consists of two rows of magnets, arranged one above the other, end to end and in the same direction as concerns their polarity, a space being left free between the two superimposed rows for the passage of a mobile member of magnetic material which is pulled along by the action of the magnetic forces of the said two rows of magnets.
2. Device according to claim 1 characterised by the fact that the poles of the magnets in each row are displaced in relation to the poles of the magnets of the others.
3. Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterised by the fact that the magnets are shaped like U or a horse shoe, the poles of each magnet of a row being arranged between two successive groups of poles of the other row and the mobile member forming a bridge between the poles of each row.
4. Device according to claims 1 to 3 characterised by the fact that the mobile member is spherical or substantially cylindrical and moves in the interior of a tube against which rest the magnets which are arranged-in sequence.
5. Device according to claims 1 to 4 characterised by the fact that the two superimposed rows consist each of a group of parallel rows, with the poles arranged side by side.
6. Device according to claims 1 to 5 characterised by the fact that the rows of magnets are arranged in two concentric circles and are combined with a rotor having one or more independent crosspieces, of magnetic material, engaged in the space left free between the two rows, constituting the mobile member and driving the rotor in continuous rotation.
7. Device according to claims 1 to 5 characterised by the fact that the rows are arranged in two superimposed circles having the same diameter, the mobile member, or members, forming the radii of a rotor having a perpendicular axis in relation to the plane of the two circles.
8. Device according to claims 1 to 7 characterised by the fact that the magnets are arranged perpendicularly to the runway, their polar pieces being widened in a direction parallel to the runway.
9. Device according to claims 1 to 8 characterised by the fact that the mobile member consists of any desired material and contains only a fitting of magnetic material upon which the magnetic forces act.
10. Device according to claims 1 to 9 characterised by the fact that the magnets are electromagnets.
11. Magnetic device for power production substantially as herein specified with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Dated this 18th day of January, 1932.

[VirgilHary]

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