Longitudinal wave research

[Bob Boyce]

Way to go Mark. Looks like you found that homopolar-like generating action that I spoke of. Keep up the great research!

Bob

[hartiberlin]

Hi Mark,
well done.

How do you exactly measure your input and output powers ?

Just the voltages on a scope and the current on a shunt( in case of the input ) ?

Can you also scale it up by providing more input power and do you also get
then more output power, if you raise the input voltage ?

It is usually pretty hard to measure at around 6 MilliWatts power levels,
so some errors could get come into the measurements easily,
so please try to scale up to bigger power levels and measure again.

Looking forward to see a few pics of your setup.

Many thanks.

[gn0stik]

Excellent. I can't wait for the EE's analysis, and some pics and more docs. Looks like your making some great progress here.

Rich

[MarkSnoswell]

@all

Still furiously testing here. I have made and tested 4 separate devices now. I have included some pictures. My EE friend has taken one device for testing -- the plan is to make a small stand alone CMOS driver and drive it from a 9V battery -- we can then measure the DC power input from the battery and compare that to recitfied and smoothed DC output. We may also look at measuring coloumetric output. ... but the real goal is to close the loop and remove the power source completly.

So -- I am still cautious about the validity of the measurments. However this is what I have found so far...

1. Driving a closed (continuous loop) toroidal coil at a single point will induce a significant potential/current in a pickup coil (core coil == SM's "collector") threaded through the toroidal coil. This is in aparent violation of Lenz Law which predicts a null result in this configuration.

2. The potential generated across the core coil exhibits a resonance at a different frequency from that of the toroidal coil in open ended transmission line mode.

3. The resonant frequency of the output coil and the voltage generated are a function of the length of the core coil.

4. The current and voltage in the toroidal core and core coils exhibits a lot of 3rd harmonic component under many conditions.

5. The output can be feed back to reduce the input drive requirments.


I have done the following prelimenary tests:

Closed and tight wound toroidal coils. Close wound coils appear to work best.

1 - 14 loops in the core coil. 6 apears to work best.

Twisted pair core coil. Inconclusive if twisted pairs offer overall benifit. They exhibit different resonant frequencies compared to non-twisted pair core coils with the same number of overall turns.

Open and closed core coils. SIgnificant voltage (compared to closed loops) and current can be drawn from open ended core coils.


The best results to date have been with the 04 version shown below. Driving at 1.905 MHz with a 5V sine wave -- the output was 156V sine (open ended) with an apparent impedance of 39K. Peak voltage and output power across the 39K load were 66V and 78 mW. With feedback, capacitative compensation on the input and slight tuning it was possible to reduce the input current to below 2.5mA which gave a input power calculation of just 14mW.

At MHz frequencies and with reactive loads it is extreemly dificult to take accurate power measurments. While every care has been taken in the measurments and many tests repeated there is still some doubt. What is evident however is that this appears to be a novel phenomenon that in contradiction to Lenz Law.

Next tests:
A. I will have to thread a 8 turn core coil and then progressivly withdrad a bit at a time -- cutting the core coil to tune it for optimum voltage.

B. Once I have determined the optimum core coil length I will try twice the length with a center tap -- single point.

C. I will take the best of A & B and then apply the voltage generated back to the toroidal coil -- using a phase shifting network if neccessary.

D. If C works and runs stand alone (without external input power) then I will try adding secondary coils over the toroidal coil.


Final comment:
I am pleased that I have found what appears to be a novel phenomenon -- my EE friend agreed. Weather it is overunity or not I feel that this has revealed a fundamental principal: With a completly symetrical single point drive into a closed loop toroidal coil you can only generate symetrical standing wave resonances around the toroidal circumference. There is no net angular electrodynamic momentum. However you can generate a significant net angular electrodynamic momentum in a coil placed within the toroidal coil. Without any tuning or feedback I can reliably measure efficencies of up to 50%. Lenz law predicts no current under these circumstances...

This does fit with my ideas that electrons are spinors. I have attached another image that shows how I believe *all* current flows around a loop -- with a 180 deg twist... although it's only in a superconducting loop that it's a pure spiral wave. Here is an explanation if anyone one is interested http://marksnoswell.cgsociety.org/gallery/329928/
So I would predict that you would be able to induce a voltage in a core coil inside a toroidal coil... by a spin coupling mechanism... as spin *is* potential this is an alternate expression of the longitudinal wave phenomenon as described by Konstantine Meyl. It is also in keeping with Tesla's original observations of radiant energy... it's all the same thing but with different language and visual constructs...

..that's all a long winded way of saying I did expect a positive result -- but you never know untill you try it.

back to experimenting

Mark.

[MarkSnoswell]

Oh -- and before anyone says "all you have is a very lossy toroidal transofrmer driving a resonant output circuit" ... I thought of that and it's not whats happening... Yes, if the core coil has *any* spiral component then it will look like a normal secondary (to a very small degree) and have a small current induced -- and that could build up in a resonant output circuit. However I have already thought of that and tested to see if the output is affected by load capicitance -- and it's not. The overall efficency (even when not tuned) is also quite resonable (up to 50%) which seems unresonably high for a very low coupling transformer into varying loads.

It does appear that the whole device has an output resonance that is determined by the core coil length -- but not by the load (including reactivve load) on the output. So if it is an output resonance driven by a very low coupling transformer then it's would have to be a transmission line resonance in the output coil -- and the frequencies are much too low for that with the length coils I have.

Please -- if anyone can think of any other objections or classical explanations let me know. I find it usefull to report on progress here as it helps me think things through. It is possible that this could all have a classical explanation and no overunity component -- that's one of the reasons I want to keep this in this private area for now. 

hm -- someone asked about power measurments -- concurrent measurment of voltage and current. Things get trickier with phase differences between current and voltage (reactive power) and with non-sinusoidal (3rd harmonic contamination in this case) waves. I have done everything I can to measure and factor in all of these -- and be conservative at the same time.

Hmmm -- what else ... the transmission line resonance of the open toroidal coil driven single ended is 1.7 Mhz with 1X scope probe and 3.2 Mhz with 10X scope probe... Lots of other results but nothing else that is relevant or conclusive for now.

cheers

Mark.