The PM OU motor Project

[allcanadian]

Here is a superior design which utilizes a more natural field, the double helix, which I think many of you have seen in various forms.
In PMM spin-1 we can see the inductor and PM rotor, to the right a top down view of the spin fields. The rotor will spin through 180 degrees with a great deal of torque from a single impulse into the inductor. In this case only two impulses are needed to spin the rotor through 360 degrees, in an AC induction motor you would be lucky to see 40 degrees rotation. This design also utilizes open paths so the field has "options" thus we are never forcing the flux flow and efficiency is raised in the process. I see this design as resembling a wind-up elastic band airplane, the tension between the inductor and rotor is a spiralling tension as the elastic band is in the wind-up airplane. The length of the flux lines changes very little as the tension is released, the flux lines move very little as tension is released. Now compare this to the conventional motors we know and we can see this PMM spin motor utilizes force to it's advantage where conventional motors rely on a change in distance where parameters are in continuous change, reaction influencing the initial action, which cannot happen here.
The next picture (PMM spin-2)is a representation of the magnetic fields in this motor, we can see the fields are spherical, if you take a very small 1/8" magnet lightly in your hands and follow the field lines you can feel that the field is in fact perfectly spherical, which is a problem. How do you utiize a perfectly spherical field?. We can see the red/blue polarity in this field and we can see that the field is divided through the neutral center, so we should understand we have more than just a couple of poles in this field, we have a three dimensional field. The best way I have found is to produce tension in attractive fields but not have them "move" to any extent so we wind the fields up in a double helix producing large powerful rotations in the rotor but have the field itself move very little. I think you will be very surprised at the torque this rotor generates.
It should be noted that we are only using one side of the rotor, we will add an inductor to the other side producing twice the torque later, a double-double helix for double the fun.
We will put these inductors in series in a very cool circuit, with two short duration impulses from a small 12v battery into the inductor we will charge a capacitor to over 150 volts, we should never have to live with voltage drops, so we will reverse the equations. Voltage will only rise when utilized thus we will have many options with what to do with it.
Best of luck

[Charlie_V]

Very interesting idea here.  However, I do not see how this differs from a synchronous motor.  With the rotor spinning at no load, there should be smaller amounts of current in the induction coil.  If you load the rotor, the current usage in the coil will increase. 

The torque it produces will not be as much as that developed from a regular synchronous PM motor because the magnetic coupling is low in this setup.  Now if you add capacitance and make the inductor part of a resonant circuit you can improve the torque, since the magnetic field from the coil will be increased (aka an increase in magnetic coupling).  By adding another inductor in series, you accomplish the same thing as you would if you moved rotor closer to the coil - in the single coil setup (basically adding the second coil is again the same as increasing the magnetic field coupling).  This should still follow the same laws described by regular synchronous machines.  Back torque will still develop in the coil and will counter a percentage of the applied impulse when the rotor spins.  To reiterate, since the coupling is weaker, there is smaller percentage that goes into mechanical motion, the other part is recovered in your resonator circuit (aka capacitor and inductor). 

Here's something else, you can take two rare earth, permanent magnets, and place them on very low friction bearings.  Then, separate them by two feet.  If you spin one, the other will also spin - at this 2 foot distance.  Of course if you load one of the bearings (or use a bearing of higher friction) it won't spin. 

Maybe I'm missing something inherent to this setup, but by my deduction, the only way an over unity device will be constructed is if the back toque can be de-coupled from the prime mover.  I have come to realize that back torque is a necessary evil, you must have it.  However, I do not think it has to be coupled as much with the prime mover as it is in modern motor/generator applications. 

[allcanadian]

@Charlie_V

Very interesting idea here.  However, I do not see how this differs from a synchronous motor.  With the rotor spinning at no load, there should be smaller amounts of current in the induction coil.  If you load the rotor, the current usage in the coil will increase.

Good questions
The problems I see with synchronous motors are many, one is close coupling producing phase lag in the current source, how can an AC motor load be reflected back to the AC source-- the AC generator? So I partly decouple the load and source, if the reluctance in the PM path is raised the inductor will utilize the "other" open path that is the back side or front side of the "H" inductor so it has options--- it can short its magnetic path, what happens when an electromagnet starts acting like an inductor? The DC-DC step-upconverter can have efficiencies up to 95%, what happens when an inductor can recycle 95% of its energy to "recharge" the source and this inductor is part of a motor? As well synchronous motors do not have rotating fields, the seperate fields turn "on" and "off" giving the appearance of rotation but in no way rotate about themselves, they are static switched magnetic fields where this motor posted truely does have a rotating magnetic field, it must twist to couple with the PM's. All AC or DC motors do one thing-- they produce fields in attraction and repulsion, these fields "must" change in length thus strength to produce motion(inverse square law)-- they must switch rapidly producing eddy currents and residual magnetism (drag) on themselves. We could say AC/DC motors will always act like a split transformer with a variable air gap the load a differential time function.In my motor posted however the length of the field cannot change to any extent, it is a twisted field which must truely rotate and the air gap never changes. As an inductor with a constant open magnetic coupling it will act as an inductor will in DC-DC step-up converters- it efficiently produces a voltage rise,  so there are a few differences from synchronous motors. I started by asking one single question---- How can AC/DC motors consume the power given to them? where does it go? When I answered this question it was easy to start doing something different. When you see the driver circuit all of this will make much more sense, this is not a motor  it is an inductor which happens to couple to a PM rotor in certain instances, the fact that this PM rotor may rotate doing work has no bearing on the operation of the inductor whatsoever.

[Charlie_V]

Sounds pretty good, I'll need to re-read that when I get some more time because I'm in the middle of something.  It does seem to be something slightly different - I like it!

[Charlie_V]

Well, I was able to re-read it.  How I've always understood it, when a standard motor has no load, the energy is reflected back to the source, thats what back torque is.  The energy placed into the motion is put back into the coil and the current in the system is neutralized (for the most part).  When a load is placed on the rotor, it starts to take the energy that is normally reflected back.  The current is no longer neutralized and it flows, delivering energy to the load.  Brushless DC motors (like the ones in computer fans) are the only ones I know of that use on-off cycles in the coils for driving.  Regular single and three phase motors do have rotating magnetic fields that gradually increase and decrease at 60/50Hz - as gradual has 60Hz is at any rate.  Of course there are motors with PWM control but this is more of an artificial means to make a controllable sine wave - its all so fancy haha.  But I see what you are getting at, the field lengths do change quite vigorously. 

I think the fields in your motor are also changing lengths - though they are smaller.  The distance between one pole in the rotor and the pole of the inductor (when twisted) is longer than when - in the next instance of time - the poles are rotated and are right below each other.  Then the inductor switches polarity and it repeats. 

I'm not sure about the effect of the H inductor coil.  That is rather interesting giving the field a second path to follow - that is definitely not done in regular motors.  However, I'm not really sure how much that helps.  Since the rotor is moving, there is an interaction between the coil and rotor.  Otherwise, the flux would avoid the rotor all together and take the shortest path on the other side of the H.

I would imagine - and hopefully I'm wrong - that the energy reflected back to your drive circuit is 94%, with the loosely coupled rotor taking 1% WHEN loaded.  If there is no load, then very near 95% (assuming the full efficiency) will come back.  The loose connection assures you that only 1% will only ever be used from the rotor if it is loaded.  Wouldn't this make the mechanical efficiency of the rotor really bad, whereas the electrical efficiency of the driving circuit is really good?  It still seems like a regular synchronous motor, except it is very loosely coupled - back torque will still be the devil, just really tiny. 

Now, if it turns out that the energy developed from the rotor is greater than the 1% powering it, then you have something very amazing.  Perhaps the far field effects of a magnet are grossly overlooked!