HHO as the only fuel (Brown's Gas) creates Vaccum

[zenarrow]

Alot of this topics discussion is over my head but I do know the workings of a standard pistion engine. Seems it has too many difficulties to overcome. Just food for though, has anyone tried to use a rotary engine instead? It has no pistons or cams to deal with. Timing is handled with port sizing. It is a very small displacement engine and very smooth operating.

Here's an animation I am working on for the final compare...
First here is the 4 stroke engine, the regular one in cars these days, which normally runs gasoline/petroleum (gas/petrol).

Notice it has a 1 to 2 (1:2) ratio for the cams rotations to the crankshaft.

4 Cycles (strokes)
1. Intake
Starting at the top (Top Dead Centre (TDC)) the piston starts towards the bottom, with the intake valve opening, and letting the fuel/air mixture in, the piston act like a pump it sucks in the fuel. The valve closes according to design, usually before the bottom (Bottom Dead Center (BDC)).

2.Compression
The cyclinder is now sealed, and starts to go from BDC towards TDC and compresses the fuel/air mixture.

3. Firing
Just before TDC the spark plug fires, usually a few degrees before TDC, and ignites the fuel/air mixture. The intertia of the flywheel keeps the crankshaft spinning, along with the delay in igniting the fuel and it's burn rate, and gets past TDC before the full expansion occurs, which then drives the piston downwards towards BDC.

4. Exhaust
After BDC the expansion having finished, the piston starts to rise up toward TDC again, and starts to compress the burn up gases (Carbon Monoxide (CO2)) and then it opens the exhaust valve, and the CO2 is released under pressure, as well as with the pumping effect of the piston, pushing it out the exhaust port. The valve closes just prior to TDC ready to take in more fuel/air mixture and the cycle starts all over again.

To maintain an idle speed, it is usually around 250 to 850 RPM (Revolutions Per Minute) Depending on the number of cyclinders. More cyclinders requires less speed to maintain idle speed. Any lower and the engine stalls from not being able to maintain the cycle. Redline (Max Speed) is around 5000 to 6000 RPM, with variations due to make etc. Motorcylces like 250cc usually idle between 1000 to 1250 RPM and often redline at 9,000 to 12,000 RPM. V8 cars often redline at 4500. Though most of these figures are 20 years old and from memory.

Heres the animation...

Note the cams here are showing only 4 positions and would normally rotate smoothly.

Heres a faster animation which hides the pulses better with the illusion of animation.
(motion pictures are really still images at 25 to 30 frames per second.



Note that fuel burns at a set rate, so the faster the RPM, the sooner the fuel needs to be ignited. This is called ignition advance. These days they are electronic, in the old days they used points switches on a cam, which would then have weights which would spin outwards to a maximu distance with some variation, moving the points cam (not shown) to advance from typically 4 Degrees BTC (standard) to the fully advanced setting of around 25 Deg BTC. Some even much more.

With HHO additive to standard fuels, as there is much about on the net and in here. The petrol gasoline then burns faster, burning more fuel, making it more efficient. For unburnt fuel ends up in the exhaust pipe, showing a black soot on the plugs coloration.

Note the cam chain is also shown here. Which also requires the cams set for best timing. The lobes on the cam effecting how long the valves are open and closed. Hence high performance cams get more power again. There is always a balance between fuel enconomy and power. HHO gives more power as an additive.

The eventual idea here is to run the whole engine on HHO, then the oil companies will not be so happy, for they seem to want to make lots of money as soon as possible, and don't care about the environment consequences. Even now they are drilling for more oil, while the rest of the world is saying go green.

It is possible to run most of your fuel in home and car, from cooking to heating, all from HHO, Brown's Gas. The technology just needs to be established to be off the shelf. But there are many do it yourself kits about for many aspect of utlizing it. Look about the net and videos channels many are showing how to do it with off the shelve bits from the hardware store.

Note these are DOHC (double overhead cams) engines. And allows for easy timing changes of cams on a work bench. Usually the cogs on the cams are twice the size of the cog on the crankshaft for the 1:2 ratio of cam 1 rev to the cranks 2 revs. An old motocycle engine would be good as well.

[zenarrow]

Here's another idea of using Brown's Gas with a petrol driven generator. Technically an alternator for mains power. Though I would hesitate about the noise of a generator running all the time. But perhaps sound proofing these into an enclosure like a freezer box might be the next phase.

Basically...
1. Is just a power switch panel which turns the battery circuit on give power to the Brown's Gas Electrolyser Cell, as well as other switches which allow the charge cirucuit to the battery, and the kill switch for the motor.

2. The good old 12VDC battery from a Car, which provides the powr to the HHO Cell (Brown's Gas) on demand.

3. The Brown's Gas Electrolyser Cell

4. The Gas Manifold and bubbler etc to make it compatible to the petrol/gasoline engine

5. The engine unit with the alternator attached as one unit from the store.

6. The alternator coupled to the engine in one unit (5)

7. The mains output power (240VAC Australia or 110VAC USA) which goes to output and back to the charging circuit to keep the system going, which should go until it breaks down from lack of maintenance

8. Step down transformer from mains power to 12 VDC to recharge the battery

9. The 12VDC charger circuit

10. The wall outlet plug socket for you appropriate country's power system (power point)

This should run forever, with maintenance stops. It is the goal.
To put the unit in a sound proof encloser, and to have it so it creates more gas on demand to drive gas heaters and cooking stove. It would be a lucritative little business setting these up as DYI kits, when it gets perfects. Solar power might also be a good supplement, as wear and tare on an engine running 24/7 would be a bit.

On the other hand, an electric starter and automated timers, could have it so it charged other batteries for quiet times. Since there is no harmful gases given off. Exhaust is not such a problem.

Some ideas to share with those creative out there.

[zerotensor]

HHO when ignited does not implode.  It explodes.

True, the volume of liquid water is less than the volume of HHO at the same temperature, but:

1)  The water produced is not liquid.  It is steam.
2)  The temperature of the steam produced is much greater than the temp. of the HHO.

Only by extracting-away the heat, (and thus condensing the steam), can a vacuum be produced.

You can make a very good vacuum by rapidly cooling steam in a sealed vessel.  I once was steaming vegetables in an electric wok with a hemispherical lid.  The water all boiled away, and to avoid a smelly cloud from filling the room, I transfered the whole apparatus to the sink (after unplugging it of course), and ran cold water over the top.  The steam inside condensed and the lid became STUCK to the wok because the steam inside condensed, creating a very good vacuum.  I couldn't separate the lid, no matter how hard I tried.  I actually cracked a rib trying to torque the lid off!  I should have just heated -up the wok again, but I wasn't thinking clearly.  Eventually, I hit the lid as hard as I could with a pair of pliers, and *foom*  the lid popped off, bent itself into a banana-like shape, flipped into the air with an odd dissonant ringing sound, and a cloud of cold water vapor materialized in midair right in front of my eyes.  Crazy.

Anyway, the only way you could make the HHO -->  H₂O reaction produce a vacuum is if you could find a way to extract the thermal energy of the resulting steam, thereby condensing it.  This is unlikely to happen within the short time-period of a single cycle of a piston engine.

[zenarrow]

HHO when ignited does not implode.  It explodes.

True, the volume of liquid water is less than the volume of HHO at the same temperature, but:

1)  The water produced is not liquid.  It is steam.
2)  The temperature of the steam produced is much greater than the temp. of the HHO.

Everything I read about HHO Brown's Gas, said that if you ignite in a sealed cylinder, it implodes.
It MUST be SEALED. Mixing it with petrol, is not the same thing. And igniting it with any air inlet is not the same thing. It was over 20 years ago I read this, but the idea stuck in my mind as an amazing thing. It might be possible they said it had to be in a partial vaccum already. IE as when a cyclinder is opened and sucking in the mixture as in the animation above, and the valved closed Before BDC. The mixture is then in a sealed chamber, and the piston still heading towards BDC makes it partial vacuum, certainly less than atmospheric pressure. If ignited at BDC it now is a completely different set of circumstances and then it wil SUCK the piston upwards. That is the ONLY reason I am mentioning this whole article is based on that article interview with Dr Yul Brown in the 80's with Grass Roots magazine, which was based on alternative ways and energies.

Do you know for a fact that it explodes in this case?
1. In a sealed container with a partial vaccum?
2. Ignited near BDC

Note the above diagram animation is a standard 4 stroke engine running petrol firing regular Before TDC.
I have yet to do another animation with HHO Brown's Gas firing near BDC (Bottom Dead Centre).

[zerotensor]

I suppose you are right, after all.

It explodes, then quickly implodes.  The implosion wins.  The thermal energy of the steam created by the reaction is negated by its rapid expansion.  This causes the hot steam to rapidly cool and condense to vapor, resulting in a net implosion effect.

in case you haven't seen these, check out,

http://www.youtube.com/user/CarbideTip

Cheers.