Joule Thief

[SeaMonkey]

Excellent question Pirate.  It all has to do with the Current Gain
of the transistor and the region of saturation.

As base drive current is increased by decreasing the resistance
of the base feed resistor the transistor becomes more efficient
as a switching device as it approaches saturation.

Continuing to decrease the resistance will reach a point where
the base drive pulse amplitude is sufficient to drive the transistor
into saturation efficiently without excessive losses.

Reducing the resistance even further beyond that point will cause
the base drive pulse amplitude to increase base current even more
but with excessive losses.  The increased base drive is counter
productive as it is more than is needed to achieve saturation and
represents wasted power.  As a consequence the output of the
circuit (LED brilliance) will decrease indicating excessive power loss
and reduced efficiency.

The "sweet spot" is where the base drive amplitude is just sufficient
to put the transistor into saturation for minimum losses.

[Pirate88179]

Excellent question Pirate.  It all has to do with the Current Gain
of the transistor and the region of saturation.

As base drive current is increased by decreasing the resistance
of the base feed resistor the transistor becomes more efficient
as a switching device as it approaches saturation.

Continuing to decrease the resistance will reach a point where
the base drive pulse amplitude is sufficient to drive the transistor
into saturation efficiently without excessive losses.

Reducing the resistance even further beyond that point will cause
the base drive pulse amplitude to increase base current even more
but with excessive losses.  The increased base drive is counter
productive as it is more than is needed to achieve saturation and
represents wasted power.  As a consequence the output of the
circuit (LED brilliance) will decrease indicating excessive power loss
and reduced efficiency.

The "sweet spot" is where the base drive amplitude is just sufficient
to put the transistor into saturation for minimum losses.

SeaMonkey:

Thank you very much for your detailed answer.  That makes a lot of sense to me.

Bill

[geovat]

I have my universal printed circuit board for the AMP-2 soldered now.
Next step will be connecting a antenna and ground and
start measuring the output.

GL.

What about this?   
https://earthenergy6.webnode.ro/_files/200000030-3b4de3b4e1/FREE-ENERGY-SCHEMATICS-3.PNG
-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGvKjxS5RRw

More infos:
https://earthenergy6.webnode.ro/low-currents-generator/

[erfandl]

LS gadget mod self charge finally replicated and I'm happy

Start voltage: 2.613, After a week it is still at 2.613 volts.

[crowclaw]

Hi Erfandl, this thread was started many years ago and it's been years since I last posted here.  As a point of interest, the schematic (post 16897) has an error relating to the output polarity markings for anybody replicating it.
It will be interesting to see how long your circuit will continue to uphold the charge, keep posting your progress and results. Regards Crowclaw