Graphite-Paper - Aluminium-Foil galvanic cell with 1.7 to 1.92 Volts

[hartiberlin]

Well, after reflexion I think it's a good solution for emergency .

But for third world power supply I am very worried to imagine thousands or more people throwing daily their aluminium oxide/hydroxide in the environment !!

Well using cheap solar cells you can reacharge during the daylight the graphitepaper-alufoil
cells several times and thus prolong the livecycle of the alufoil.
So less alufoil is needed.
But you are surely right, that the aluminium-oxid-hydroxid is probably
dumped into the rivers and I have to research how dangerous and toxic
this it.
Regards, Stefan.

[hartiberlin]

P.S: It would be interesting to see, if we heat
lampblack powder
with an HHO flame to red hot glowing, if this
will enhance the electrical conductivity of the lampblack ?

If anybody could test this please I would be very happy
to know the result.

Many thanks.

Regards, Stefan.

[hartiberlin]

P.S: Still better than a NaOH and NaCl mix electrolyte
is a water-K2CO3 mix electrolyte.

It is less corrosive to the Alufoil and will probably produce as a waste
something like this:

"8Al2O3 x 3CO2 x 4H2O" (basisches Aluminiumcarbonat)

Source: 1C.Langlois (Ann. Chim. Phys.(3) 48 (1856) 505; Lieb. Ann. 100 (1856) 375)

How dangerous this is to the environment I still have to research.

[hartiberlin]

Well ,
looking at this:
http://www.lenntech.de/pse/wasser/aluminium/aluminium-und-wasser.htm

It depends which PH-value the river water has and if the PH-Value
is about 5.0 to 5.5, so a bit acid,
then it can affect fish breathing, so yes, this could impact the fishes
in the river, but only if the PH value of the water is at that value.

[stephenafreter]

Hi Stephan,
Thanks for searching deeply.
I understand that you are more looking for a rechargeable battery, and that's a good idea !!
Aluminium is much lighter than lead 
Of course we can't use NaOH in a rechargeable configuration, it would eat the aluminium.