http://en.itar-tass.com/non-political/726369 (http://en.itar-tass.com/non-political/726369)
The construction company Grantstroi from Stavropol presents a hydrogen turbo generator unit to reduce fuel use by ten times. It is quite a new generator working 90 percent with the use of water and ten percent with the use of hydrocarbons, the company's director general Gamlet Arakelyan told Itar-Tass. The system, he said, many times reduced consumed energy without loss of capacity. The main goal of Grantstroi at the exhibition is to find an investor.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSGFcusFaSc (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSGFcusFaSc)
http://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf
Very interesting, using waste oil and water mixed. Russian patent RU2269486
This is a link to the patent, the patentscope.wipo.int link shows an empty page:
http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?FT=D&date=20060210&DB=worldwide.espacenet.com&locale=en_EP&CC=RU&NR=2269486C2&KC=C2&ND=4
And here is a newer patent on the method: RU2478688 (this is the same in German: EP2690158)
http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=RU&NR=2478688C2&KC=C2&FT=D&ND=4&date=20130410&DB=worldwide.espacenet.com&locale=en_EP
Gyula
water steam engine http://www.keelynet.com/news/042314a.html (http://www.keelynet.com/news/042314a.html)
http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=US&NR=2010293949A1&KC=A1&FT=D
Plastic-2-oil/fuel plants like this http://www.popularmechanics.co.za/blogs/locally-developed-plastics-to-fuel-processing-plant-real-game-changer/ (http://www.popularmechanics.co.za/blogs/locally-developed-plastics-to-fuel-processing-plant-real-game-changer/)
under these quality and price conditions:
" With literally just the push of a button, Graham's plant produces a multi-fuel chemically similar to diesel that can, in turn, be further refined into a petrol equivalent. Oh, and by-products (depending on the feedstock) include paraffin and LP gas. It also produces a type of clean "sweet crude" with a zero CO2 content that can be processed in diverse ways. To give you an idea: the sulphur content and viscosity levels of Graham's marine bunker oil are below standard industry norms, while his heavy furnace oil (used in high-volume industrial heat fuel applications) is equally impressive. And his all-up costs for producing 1 litre of multi-fuel? About R2.50.
2,5 South-African Rands ~ 0,256 US$ (~ 40,7US$/llb)
(not really expensive for a module/container great plant)
Plans are also afoot to produce smaller plants for farmers and small communities that'll supply about 5 litres per hour. Says Graham: "Our technology not only removes a serious environmental headache and provides cheap fuel, but is going to help with job creation, too. I want to go worldwide with this."
And learning from pioneers and their hopes and speculations:
http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/features/from-guts-glory-turning-waste-oil/ (http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/features/from-guts-glory-turning-waste-oil/)
price/costs prediction 15US$/llb real world price/costs 80US$/llb
Huge coal-source findings in Mongolia,Mocambique and Pakistan :
F-ischer -T -ropsch - Process
coal-2-syngas-2-synfuel
http://www.altenerg.com/back_issues/index.php-content_id=19.htm (http://www.altenerg.com/back_issues/index.php-content_id=19.htm)
http://www.ucop.edu/ott/industry/documents/Norbeck-CleanTech.pdf (http://www.ucop.edu/ott/industry/documents/Norbeck-CleanTech.pdf)
Syn-Diesel from coal as Arakelian-plant feedstock-part ?
(from the WO... Patent from Olaf Kuehl)
Synthetic gas process:
Synthesis gas, syngas or abbreviated, a gas mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, which may further comprise carbon dioxide.
The synthesis gas, for example by gasification of carbon-containing fuel to a gaseous product, the synthesis gas produced, which has a certain calorific value.
The synthesis gas has about 50% of the energy density of the natural gas.
The synthesis gas may be burned and used as well with as a fuel source.
The synthesis gas may also be used as an intermediate for the production of other chemical products.
Synthesis gas can be produced for example, by gasification of coal or waste.
In the production of synthesis gas as carbon using water or a hydrocarbon is reacted with oxygen.There are commercially available technologies in order to process synthesis gas to eventually produce industrial gases, fertilizers, chemicals and other chemical products.In most known technologies (for example, water-shift reaction) to produce and conversion of synthesis gas, however, there is the problem that in the synthesis of the required amount of hydrogen, a larger amount of excess CO2 is produced, which in turn passes the air harmful gas in the environment .In another known technique for the production of synthesis gas, the partial oxidation of methane by the equation...."
The Arakelian-Process neutralise the negative
"... a larger amount of excess CO2" is produced .."
synfuel producing aspect,
hydrogen related !
http://www.epa.gov/cmop/docs/015red.pdf (http://www.epa.gov/cmop/docs/015red.pdf)
read page 2
"Some facts about Synfuel production ..."
and calculate
feedstock + production/maintenance costs per barrel ?
probably "endless +recycle" feedstock-source-mix:
read page 6
http://www.ucop.edu/ott/industry/documents/Norbeck-CleanTech.pdf (http://www.ucop.edu/ott/industry/documents/Norbeck-CleanTech.pdf)
average production price ( including profits) : 40US$/llb
a.Syn-Diesel + b.Waste-Diesel + c.Algae-Diesel +d.Bio-(crop-land)-Diesel +
CO2-exhaust/atmospheric-capture-Syn-Diesel
40US$/llb x 0,1 = 4US$ + 8US$ Arakelian-Process-costs/llb =
operating,capital recovery,taxes
calculated like
https://www.dieselnet.com/tech/fuel_syn.php (https://www.dieselnet.com/tech/fuel_syn.php)
Table 1
Unit Cost Production of GTL Fuel, $/Barrel
RefineryGTLNatural Gas (@$0.50/MMBtu)
$4.00+ Crude Oil (@$17/Bbl)
$17.00
+ Operating Costs
2.50
3.00Total Cash Costs
19.50
7.00+ Capital Recovery, Taxes
6.50
12.00Total Cost to Produce
$26.00
$19.00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12US$/ llb Arakelian-hydrogenic fuel basic costs
12US$/1602 KWh
comparing with
1,80US$/220KWH Solarhydrogentrends production price
comparing with 2009 10,5 US$/llb synfuel prediction
http://www.prlog.org/10301830-unlimited-hydrogenated-biomass-oils-for-onsite-lowemission-diesel-at-1050-per-barrel.html (http://www.prlog.org/10301830-unlimited-hydrogenated-biomass-oils-for-onsite-lowemission-diesel-at-1050-per-barrel.html)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0o9u_bTDMw (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0o9u_bTDMw)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
From O.P.E.C. to O.S.E.C. S.yn-gas/-fuel
Zehn Euros
fuer das Fass Oel ,159 Liter Volumen-Inhalt und 1602 KWh Brennwert
Later,from the military development to industrial use
for electricity and heat generation:
On the basis of the invention next devices can be created:
1. The device for confinement of high-temperature plasma
2. Industrial thermonuclear reactor (http://www.thermonuclear.narod.ru/treg.html). New global energetics. Cheap both safe warmly and electric power. The price of the device by power of 50 kW, by mass manufacture, will no more $ 3000. Cost of one giga-calorie (1200 kW×h) will not exceed $ 0.5. Role of traditional power resources, of a systems of their transporting and allocation (naphtha conduits and gas conduits, lines of electric transmissions, a contact lines of an electric transport, a heat conduits) will decrease. The grounds engaged by reservoirs of hydroelectric power stations will be liberated.
3. Thermonuclear jet engine (http://www.thermonuclear.narod.ru/jet.html) . It in 2000 times is more effective than its analogs by of chemical energy. Cost of delivery of a load to an orbit will by decreased from 25000 up to 10 $ /kg. Will allow in the near future a wide using of Cosmos and its raw resources.
4. Powerful and compact laser (http://www.thermonuclear.narod.ru/laser.html) with continuous thermonuclear pumping. Can be applied as the laser weapon of new generation.
And with ESCO2R ( Holcoumb,NZL) CO2 to
Carbon Black
f.e.
Graphene and Nguyen/Vietnam Hydrogen Fuell Cell
http://www.spg-corp.com/clean-energy-power-generation.html (http://www.spg-corp.com/clean-energy-power-generation.html)
http://nh3fuelassociation.org/2013/06/20/the-amveh-an-ammonia-fueled-car-from-south-korea/ (http://nh3fuelassociation.org/2013/06/20/the-amveh-an-ammonia-fueled-car-from-south-korea/)
30% Synfuel
+
70% ammonia
http://judbarovski.livejournal.com/67040.html (http://judbarovski.livejournal.com/67040.html) < 6US$/llb energy aequivalent
The cheapest energy carrier worldwide
http://www.electrogenhydrofuels.com/engine/Engine.html (http://www.electrogenhydrofuels.com/engine/Engine.html)
up to 93% efficiency
with his http://judbarovski.livejournal.com/67040.html (http://judbarovski.livejournal.com/67040.html) ammonia price conditions
compare
http://peswiki.com/index.php/Directory:Gun_Engine (http://peswiki.com/index.php/Directory:Gun_Engine)
The design of the gun-engine eliminated all causes of inefficiency in current engines inherited from the first prototypes of Otto and Diesel inventions. The myth that engines must be inefficient is exposed!" -- Stan (August 15, 2008)[/size]
8 : 1
water fuel
;) and now ;)
water synfuel
http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=CA&NR=2476167&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP (http://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=CA&NR=2476167&KC=&FT=E&locale=en_EP)
right application only for Canada,2004
(not to think that it is not worth to give him donations,freely)
Beginning with cheap and stationary cogeneration (BHKW) stations/plants .
the 1US$cent/KWh economy will be reached, step-by-step
without hurry
e-fuel from CO2 has many interests,f.e. :
"United States Patent 7,989,507 - Production of Fuel Materials Utilizing Waste Carbon Dioxide; 2011; Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft (AG), Germany; Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for utilizing CO2 waste comprising recovering carbon dioxide from an industrial process that produces a waste stream comprising carbon dioxide in an amount greater than an amount of carbon dioxide present in starting materials for the industrial process. The method further includes producing hydrogen using a renewable energy resource and producing a hydrocarbon material utilizing the produced hydrogen and the recovered carbon dioxide."
This is an official declaration and description about a perpetuum energy cycle
from OPEC-member 2 OSEC-member
http://www.wvcoal.com/research-development/saudi-arabia-and-texas-improve-co2-to-syngas-conversion.html (http://www.wvcoal.com/research-development/saudi-arabia-and-texas-improve-co2-to-syngas-conversion.html)
Black S-oil or "terra preta" -oleo