Forwarded from Dr.Linnard Giffin:
Confidential and Proprietary Global Hydrogen Inc
GET READY TO HYDROGEN POWER YOUR CAR?
400 miles = 16 gallons of gasoline at $4.00 per gallon = $64.00
400 miles = 9kg of hydrogen at $2.47* per kg @ 6cents/ kWh = $22.23
Next year you are going to upgrade your TV to digital why not up grade your car to hydrogen?
Low cost hydrogen generator. A newly developed electrolysis process will allow you to run your car on water.
From the lab of a new entry into the craze for green power is a small company called Global Hydrogen Inc. Located in Bertram Texas Global hydrogen Inc. was founded by Dr. Linnard Griffin in early 2007. Dr. Griffin has announced the discovery of a new low voltage electrolysis process for generation of hydrogen and oxygen. Dr. Griffin has also developed a unique hydrogen generator shown in lab prototype above using this new electrolysis process.
Using propriety electrodes and cell design this process generates hydrogen and oxygen at less than 41.2 kWh per kg of hydrogen. During an interview with Dr. Griffin Dr. Griffin claims that everyone told him that it was impossible to generate hydrogen under theoretical minimum1.23 volts. The generator shown in the photograph above is producing significant hydrogen at room temperature at less than 0.9 volts, almost ? the theoretical limit of 1.23 volts.
Dr. Griffin claims to have evaluated a new electrode material that can boost gas production greater than the proposed industry goal of 50kWh per kg of Hydrogen.
Hydrogen produced by natural gas reforming was until now the best known efficient process of 3.5 kg of Natural gas for each kg of hydrogen. With natural gas marketing for $1.02 a kg the cost of Hydrogen, made with natural gas is $3.57/kg. Using Dr. Griffins process and the industrial standard of 6 cents per kWh a kg of Hydrogen can be produced for more than a dollar less, or $2.47 using the standard Utility grid, just about anywhere.
Looking toward clean energy such as windmill or solar the kWh is predicted to be around 3 cents per kWh or $1.236 per kg of Hydrogen or equivalent to $1.2399 for a gallon of gas.
It is possible to use an in-home system to produce hydrogen at the equivalent about $3.29* cents a gallon gasoline. Lower cost could be done using off peak and super off peak hours to make your hydrogen as low or lower than the industrial power of $2.47 per gallon equivalent.
Submitted by Homer Webb CTO Global Hydrogen
*Lowest known cost method of hydrogen production is natural gas steam reforming @ $3.57 per kg (at 2008 natural gas prices).
GHI?s process of : $1.24 cent per kg H2 (gas) @ 3c cents per kWh on Wind, Nuclear, Solar.
: $2.47 cent per kg H2 (gas) @ 6c cents per kWh on Industrial.
: $3.29 cent per kg H2 (gas) @ 8c cents per kWh on Residential Power.
Lab data available on request after NDA.
Here is the new video of Dr. Griffin:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7CMT4BA5Og
http://www.disclose.tv/viewvideo/29990/Dr__Steven_Greer_The_Promise_of_New_Energy/
hartiberlin wow great work. I have been interested in Electrolysis for a while now and this is great work. I would love to convert a motorcycle.
Thanks again hartiberlin.
Hmm,
was Dr. Griffin bought out by the oil industry ?
His website is gone.
These were the last press releases I could still find on the web:
This is from 2008:
Global Hydrogen, Inc. Announces Process that will Lower Hydrogen Costs
NewswireToday - /newswire/ - Austin, TX, United States, 07/24/2008 - Low-Voltage, Low-temperature process produces less expensive Hydrogen.
Global Hydrogen, Inc. announces a newly developed, low-voltage, low-temperature, and high-efficiency DC voltage electrolysis generator for producing hydrogen efficiently and inexpensively. Leveraging proprietary electrolyte solution and electrode construction, this system is producing 1 kilogram (kg) of hydrogen per 41.2 kilowatt hour (kWh) with approximately 90% efficiency. The most efficient systems produce the same amount of hydrogen utilizing more energy, usually around 53.4 kWhs. This technology stands poised to revolutionize the hydrogen generation industry and all other industries that relate to hydrogen energy.
The ideal hydrogen production system aims to produce hydrogen for less than $3.00 per kg, or about 6 cents per kWh. Currently, the most efficient systems in use are producing hydrogen at $3.20 per kg, short of the industry’s ideal goal, while the rest of the industry is producing hydrogen for approximately $3.57 per kg. Global Hydrogen’s system produces hydrogen at $2.47 per kilogram.
Consider that 1 kg of hydrogen is equivalent to 1 gallon of gasoline. To travel 400 miles on traditional gasoline, at $4.00 per gallon and 16 gallons to the tank, would cost a consumer $64.00. Using Global Hydrogen’s patent-pending process, you can travel the same 400 miles for $22.23.
Not only does this system produce hydrogen more efficiently than most, but it can efficiently produce hydrogen on any power grid, including residential power grids. With this process, it will soon be within reach of the average consumer to affordably utilize hydrogen power.
The most common hydrogen production technique involves the steam-reformation of fossil fuels, which not only consumes limited natural resources but also contributes to polluting our environment with greenhouse gases as a by-product. The Global Hydrogen process uses water, not fossil fuels, to generate hydrogen. Additionally, NO greenhouse gases are produced in the process.
About Global Hydrogen, Inc.
Global Hydrogen (globalhydrogeninc.com) was founded in 2008 by Dr. Linnard Griffin, an independent inventor who holds several patents related to hydrogen generation, metal reduction, and a novel cooling fluid. The company is driven by a desire to provide less expensive alternative energies to consumers, thereby reducing the world dependency on non-renewable energy resources.
=================================================
This last one is from 2009:
´Global Hydrogen, Inc. Announces Controllable Hydrogen Generation Process
Abstract:
Global Hydrogen, Inc. announces a newly developed aluminum nano-nickel hydrogen generator that can be controlled by flipping a switch, producing on-demand hydrogen.
Global Hydrogen, Inc. Announces Controllable Hydrogen Generation Process
Leander, TX | Posted on April 23rd, 2009
The simple system is self-contained and portable. While the system is scalable, the first production unit has been designed to produce 4 Kg, or 44,000 liters, of hydrogen at 0.5 Kg per day. The unit is 3 cubic feet in size.
This system is more efficient, less expensive, smaller and lighter than comparable systems. The generator normally operates at ambient temperature, but it will produce up to three times the hydrogen at a low temperature of 90 degrees Fahrenheit.
Dr. Linnard Griffin, inventor and founder of Global Hydrogen, Inc., states that this new system is designed as an ideal replacement for bulky storage batteries and dangerous high pressure hydrogen storage tanks used in emergency power backup systems such as cell phone towers and other remote applications. The system is also ideal for use in the automotive industry.
To view a video demonstrating the process, refer to the Supporting Documents page of the company Website, linked below.
####
About Global Hydrogen, Inc.
Global Hydrogen (globalhydrogeninc.com) was founded in 2008 by Dr. Linnard Griffin, an independent inventor who holds several patents related to hydrogen generation, metal reduction, and a novel cooling fluid. The company is driven by a desire to provide less expensive alternative energies to consumers, thereby reducing the world dependency on non-renewable energy resources.
For more information, please click here
Contacts:
Dr. Linnard Griffin
512-818-3309
linnard.griffin
- globalhydrogeninc.com
====================================
The site www.globalhydrogeninc.com
is now unreachable, just a parking ads domain now...
so no real contens anymore...
At least here is still his youtube channel with 3 videos:
http://www.youtube.com/user/AprilSULeo
Regards, Stefan.
I just searched the patents database and voila, there are now all his
newest patents, sorted via year of release,
the first is the newest one:
Nickel-Zinc-Aluminum-Hydrogen Production Reactor and Methods of Use
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20100722&CC=US&NR=2010181204A1&KC=A1
Hydrogen Production Systems Utilizing Electrodes Formed From Nano-Particles Suspended in an Electrolyte
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20100506&CC=US&NR=2010108498A1&KC=A1
Gas Production Through Pulsed Electrolysis
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20090618&CC=US&NR=2009152126A1&KC=A1
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20071022&CC=KR&NR=20070103072A&KC=A
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE CONTROLLABLE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AT AN ACCELERATED RATE
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20061026&CC=WO&NR=2006113463A2&KC=A2
Apparatus and method for the controllable production of hydrogen at an accelerated rate
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20060817&CC=US&NR=2006180464A1&KC=A1
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN.
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20060531&CC=MX&NR=PA06001987A&KC=A
Apparatus and method for the reduction of metals
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20051006&CC=US&NR=2005217432A1&KC=A1
Apparatus and method for the production of hydrogen
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20070131&CC=CN&NR=1906133A&KC=A
Cooling fluid for fabrication operations.
http://v3.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19891213&CC=EP&NR=0345783A1&KC=A1
Okay, now we know how this reactor shown here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrX8TkGBrI0
works:
Abstract of US 2010181204 (A1)
Translate this text
The technology provides apparatus and methods for generating hydrogen without applying electrical energy from an outside source. An exemplary apparatus has an outer housing having an interior divided into an upper portion and a lower portion separated by a septum. The lower portion contains an electrolyte and a composite electrode at least partially immersed in the electrolyte. The electrolyte includes zinc hydroxide dissolved therein. The composite electrode has an aluminum tube enclosing at least one magnet. An outer surface of the electrode housing is at least partially covered with nano-particles held in place by magnetic attraction of the at least one magnet to form the electrode. The magnetically-adherent nano-particles form a second electrode, in direct contact with the first electrode. The generator apparatus has a vent in communication with the upper portion of the interior of the outer housing for removal of generated hydrogen.
Description of US 2010181204 (A1)
BACKGROUND
[0001] 1. Technical Field
[0002] The technology relates to the production of hydrogen gas in a generator that includes a pair of electrodes and an electrolyte, and more particularly relates to the production of hydrogen without applying an external source of electrical energy to the electrodes, wherein at least one electrode comprises magnetic nano-particles.
[0003] 2. Description of the Related Art
[0004] Hydrogen gas is a valuable commodity with many current uses and potentially wide ranging future uses. Currently many countries are evaluating the installation of a "hydrogen highway" that would provide hydrogen refueling stations for a national fleet of hydrogen-powered vehicles. Currently, several auto manufacturers (e.g., BMW and Honda) are demonstrating hydrogen powered vehicles.
[0005] Aside from the potential for large scale uses of hydrogen to power automobiles, hydrogen also potentially provides a clean fuel from which to generate electricity for other purposes. This is especially desirable if the production of hydrogen does not generate greenhouse gasses, or otherwise has a "small carbon footprint" so that it has potential environmental benefits over fossil fuels.
[0006] One of the methods of generating hydrogen is by the electrolysis of water in an electrolysis cell. However, this method requires an input of electrical energy that might be generated by combustion of fossil fuels thereby releasing carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses into the environment.
SUMMARY
[0007] An exemplary embodiment provides an apparatus for generating hydrogen. The apparatus includes an outer housing having an interior divided into an upper portion and a lower portion separated by a septum. The lower portion contains an electrolyte comprising zinc hydroxide dissolved therein, and nano-particles comprising nickel. The lower portion also contains a first electrode at least partially immersed in the electrolyte. The first electrode has several features including a non-ferrous, conductive electrode housing enclosing at least one magnet, with the electrode housing at least partially covered with nano-particles of nickel, tungsten, cobalt, or alloys of these. In addition, the lower portion of the outer housing contains a second electrode of aluminum that is at least partially immersed in the electrolyte. The generator also has a vent in communication with the upper portion of the interior of the housing for removal of generated hydrogen.
[0008] Another exemplary embodiment provides an apparatus for generating hydrogen that has an outer housing having an interior divided into an upper portion and a lower portion separated by a septum. The lower portion contains an electrolyte and a composite electrode at least partially immersed in the electrolyte. The electrolyte includes zinc hydroxide dissolved therein. The composite electrode has several features including a non-ferrous, conductive electrode housing enclosing at least one magnet. An outer surface of the electrode housing is at least partially covered with nano-particles held in place by magnetic attraction of the at least one magnet to thereby form another electrode in direct contact with the first electrode. The nano-particles may be of nickel, iron, tungsten, cobalt, or alloys of these. The generator apparatus has a vent in communication with the upper portion of the interior of the outer housing for removal of generated hydrogen.
[0009] Another exemplary embodiment provides a method of generating hydrogen gas without applying electrical energy from an outside source. The method includes the steps of providing an electrolyte comprising zinc hydroxide, and disposing a first electrode comprised of aluminum in the provided electrolyte. It also includes disposing a second electrode comprised of a non-ferrous housing in the electrolyte. The non-ferrous housing contains at least one magnet and the outer surface of the housing is at least partially covered with nano-particles of nickel, tungsten, iron, cobalt, or alloys of these. In addition, the steps include producing hydrogen gas at the first electrode without applying a current from an external source to the first electrode or to the second electrode, and collecting the hydrogen gas produced.
[0010] A further exemplary embodiment provides yet another method of generating hydrogen gas without applying electrical energy from an outside source. The method includes the steps of providing an electrolyte that includes zinc hydroxide, and disposing a first electrode in the provided electrolyte. The first electrode is comprised of aluminum and has a cavity formed therein that contains at least one magnet. An outer surface of the first electrode is at least partially covered with nano-particles that form a second electrode in contact with the first electrode. The steps further include producing hydrogen gas without applying an external current to the electrode, and collecting the hydrogen gas produced in the generator.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] For a more complete understanding of the present technology, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the following drawings that are not to scale, in which:
[0012] FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified, exemplary embodiment of a hydrogen-producing cell that has two electrodes; and
[0013] FIG. 2 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment of a hydrogen-producing cell.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The exemplary embodiments provide hydrogen generators that do not require the input of energy from an external source. More particularly, the consumables for the exemplary embodiments of hydrogen generators include aluminum electrodes and water only. At least one electrode has a non-ferrous housing containing at least one magnet, and nano-particles adhered thereto by magnetic forces. In another feature, a coating of magnetic nano-particles is either used to form an electrode or to form an integral part of an electrode. In addition, the initiation, termination and rate of hydrogen generation may be controlled by relatively simple mechanisms.
[0015] FIG. 1 is a drawing of an exemplary two-electrode hydrogen generator 100, which does not require the application of an external electrical current. The configuration and materials may vary and those skilled in the art will appreciate that actual configurations may be influenced by capacity for hydrogen generation, electrode size, electrode materials, and other parameters.
[0016] Briefly, the generator 100 of FIG. 1 includes a housing 110 that is divided horizontally into an upper portion 112 and a lower portion 114 by a septum 116. The lower portion contains two electrodes 130 and 150. The electrodes 130, 150 are electrically connected by a conductive element 160.
[0017] Generator 100 commences operation when electrolyte 125 is supplied through electrolyte feeder tube 118 from the upper portion 112 of the housing 110 to the lower portion 114. When the electrolyte 125, described below, enters the lower portion 114 through the feeder tube 118, a chemical reaction begins and the aluminum electrode 150 is consumed as the reaction proceeds. The chemical reactions are described below. The chemical reactions, and hydrogen production from the reactions, can be terminated by the removal of the electrolyte 125 through the feeder tube 118, or by another means including, but not limited to, a drain line at the base of housing 110, not shown. Hydrogen gas produced at electrode 130 is exhausted through vent tube 120. The production of hydrogen continues until all the consumables are consumed. The consumables include water and the electrode 150.
[0018] The exemplary generator of FIG. 1 includes an electrode 150 that is composed of aluminum. The other electrode, electrode 130, is a composite structure and is composed of three elements. In this exemplary embodiment, composite electrode 130 includes firstly a non-ferrous tube electrically-conductive element, such as a copper tube 132. Copper tube 132 encloses in its annular cavity either a single magnet or a plurality of magnets 134. Electrode 130 secondly includes one or more cylindrical magnets 134. These magnet(s) 134 may be diametrically polarized rather than axially polarized, to enhance performance, but either will suffice to the task. Diametric polarization may provide greater efficiency in hydrogen generation. Thirdly, the electrode 130 includes nano-particles 140 attracted by magnet(s) 134 that adhere by magnetic force to at least a portion of the outer surface of tube 132. While these nano-particles are shown schematically as spaced from the tube 132, for reasons of clarity, they are in fact held to the outer surface of tube 132 to thereby complete the structure of electrode 130. The nano-particles 140 may be selected from magnetic particles such as nickel, iron, tungsten, cobalt, and the like, and their alloys. Because of its multiple structural features, electrode 130 may be regarded as a "composite electrode."
[0019] Because of their high surface area to volume ratio, the nano-particles provide a very large surface area from which the electrode 130 releases hydrogen, when the two electrodes 130, 150 are connected to each other electrically via connector 160. To be operative, the conductive electrical connection 160 connects electrodes 130 and 150 to complete a circuit. Accordingly, hydrogen production may be stopped by opening this electrical connection but chemical reaction with the electrolyte and erosion of the aluminum electrode 150 will continue for some time. Hydrogen production may also be controlled by controlling the electrical resistance of connector 160 either through material selection, or through dimensions, or by adding a variable, controllable resistance element to it.
[0020] The exemplary electrolyte 125 is aqueous and is produced from a liquid mixture that includes colloidal silver, colloidal magnesium, and sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide dissolved in distilled water. Zinc is placed in this liquid mixture along with a nickel electrode. The zinc is allowed to digest and the resulting liquid mixture, after removal of any excess undigested zinc, is the electrolyte 125.
[0021] In another exemplary embodiment, that may be scaled up or down as to volumes and weights, the exemplary electrolyte includes:
[0022] 50 ml colloidal silver
[0023] 50 ml colloidal magnesium
[0024] 50 ml distilled water
[0025] 20 grams sodium hydroxide
[0026] 20 grams potassium hydroxide
[0027] This mixture may be placed in a container that includes a nickel electrode and a zinc electrode of about 7 grams of elemental zinc. The zinc is allowed to digest. After digestion, the remaining zinc is removed. The liquid mixture produced is an example of an electrolyte.
[0028] It is theorized, without being bound, that in the generator 100 of FIG. 1, an exchange reaction takes place on the surface of the aluminum electrode 150 with the zinc hydroxide in the electrolyte solution. This reaction forms metallic zinc on the surface of the aluminum. This metallic zinc in turn reacts with the nano-particles 140 producing hydrogen gas at electrode 130.
[0029] It is further theorized, without being bound, that during hydrogen production, the zinc hydroxide of the electrolyte is reduced to zinc on the aluminum electrode. The zinc reacts with the nano-nickel (or nano-particles of iron, cobalt, tungsten, and the like) in the strong base electrolyte, thereby producing hydrogen on the nano-particle covered electrode 130.
[0030] It was observed that there is some hydrogen produced off the surface of the aluminum electrode 150. It is theorized, without being bound, that this results in an apparent greater hydrogen production than might be expected from stoichiometry. This hydrogen, it is believed without being bound, results from a further reaction that converts ZnOH to Zn and a reaction converting the aluminum to form Al2O3. It is theorized, without being bound, that the following reactions A, B take place:
[0000]
6ZnOH+4Al=6Zn+2Al2O3+3H2 [A]
[0000]
2Zn+NaOH/KOH (in presence of Nickel)+2H2O=2ZnOH+NaOH/KOH+H2
[0031] Regardless of any theory, the exemplary hydrogen generator of FIG. 1 provides a controlled rate of hydrogen production.
[0032] FIG. 2 illustrates an alternative exemplary embodiment. In this embodiment, the generator 100 also includes a housing 110 divided into upper 112 and lower 114 portions by a horizontal septum 116. In comparison with the example of FIG. 1, the non-ferrous tube 132 is eliminated. Instead, composite electrode 150 includes a housing with a cavity, such as an aluminum tube 154 that houses one or more cylindrical magnets 134 in its annular space. As in the embodiment of FIG. 1, nano-nickel particles 140 in the electrolyte 125 are attracted to the outer surface of the aluminum tube 154 of an electrode 150 and form a coat on the surface held in place by magnetic fields. Once the outer surface of the tube 132 is at least partially coated with magnetically-adhering nano-particles, the nano-particles effectively form the second electrode, which is in direct contact with the aluminum tube 154 that is the first electrode. Hydrogen is produced from this nano-particle-coated surface. Since the nano-particles 140 are in direct electrical communication with the aluminum tube 154 of electrode 150, an electrical connector 160 is not required to connect the nano-particles to the aluminum electrode housing 154.
[0033] Hydrogen production rate and volume is similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1, but the overall generator complexity and cost is reduced. To control hydrogen production, the extent of the immersion of the electrode 150 in the electrolyte 125 may be controlled. In one mode of operation, the electrode 150 is lowered or raised in the solution to control the hydrogen production rate.
EXAMPLES
[0034] A number of experiments were performed to determine the hydrogen production based on the consumption of aluminum. One gram of aluminum will produce 1.23 liters of hydrogen. The results appear to indicate producing hydrogen in an amount greater than might be expected. In all of these experiments, the generator was in accordance with FIG. 2, and the electrolyte was produced as follows. The following components were mixed together:
[0035] 50 ml colloidal silver
[0036] 50 ml colloidal magnesium
[0037] 50 ml distilled water
[0038] 20 grams sodium hydroxide
[0039] 20 grams potassium hydroxide
[0040] This mixture was placed in a beaker containing a nickel electrode. To this was added 7 grams of elemental zinc, connected to the nickel electrode, and the zinc was allowed to digest, thereby producing electrolyte 125. The nickel electrode and any remaining zinc were then removed. The resulting liquid was used as the electrolyte.
Experiment 1
[0041] 7.5 grams of aluminum produced 10.19 liters of hydrogen @ STP. Based on stoichiometry, 7.5 grams should produce only 9.2 liters of hydrogen.
Experiment 2
[0042] 2.9 grams of aluminum produced 4.163 liters of hydrogen @ STP. Based on stoichiometry, 2.9 grams of aluminum should produce 3.567 liters of hydrogen.
Experiment 3
[0043] 4.1 grams of aluminum produced 8.7 liters of hydrogen @ STP. Based on stoichiometry, 4.1 grams of aluminum should produce 5.041 liters of hydrogen.
Experiment 4
[0044] 2.6 grams of aluminum produced 3.57 liters of hydrogen @ STP. Based on stoichiometry, 2.6 grams of aluminum should produce 3.198 liters of hydrogen.
[0045] The average hydrogen production was 1.5 liters per gram of aluminum. All of the experiments were performed by water displacement using a calibrated column, the temperature and atmospheric pressure were recorded and the volume of hydrogen corrected to standard pressure and temperature.
[0046] While several exemplary embodiments have been presented in the foregoing detailed description of the invention and in the foregoing non-limiting examples, it should be appreciated that a multiplicity of variations exists. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope or applicability of the technology in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient roadmap for implementing an exemplary embodiment of the invention, it being understood that various changes may be made in the specific components described in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention, as set forth in the appended claims and their legal equivalents.
Here are attached the 2 pictures and the FULL PDF File of the patent.
Stefan
Nano scale HHO production! A process that makes complete sence, More surface area ,moree HHO!
You have a gent here at this Forum helping members here and at energetic, Pruduce HHO with Nano scale Crystals.
Something people can actually build themselves [and about 20 people are ]
Its a learning curve ,but great stuff,based on solid science
"Example" your above post.
Here
http://www.overunity.com/index.php?topic=10388.msg277234#new
And here
http://www.energeticforum.com/renewable-energy/7365-discussion-best-way-use-heat-hho-generate-electricity-17.html
Chet
Thanks for posting this Stefan.
Dr. Griffin had told me about the nano-type electrodes back when I was doing my experiments in his system. I didn't say anything because his patent was not out on it.
This system is not overunity because eventually the electrolyte will be used up. It is a great method for producing hydrogen without electricity, but the magnesium and silver colloids will eventually bond with the hydroxide ions in the electrolyte and drop out of solution. Using reverse current to regenerate the zinc (if this is tried) will eventually cause a coating of zinc, magnesium, and silver oxides to coat the electrode. Either way, with or without reverse current, the electrolyte will eventually be used up and need to be replaced. So overunity it is not, but a great way to produce loads of hydrogen without electricity.
Thanks again for posting this.
RR2
Just a note: The nano-electrodes are custom-made and not very cheap; but you would need fewer of them to produce hydrogen at a very fast rate. The tiny reactors he posted on YouTube put out great volumes of hydrogen gas. Very impressive.
I hope Linnard can commercialize his process very soon. I would like to see him reap the rewards from his research.
RR2
I can't even navigate or read this forum anymore. TOO MUCH ADVERTISING INTERFERENCE.
Here's your hint for the day:
AC asymmetrical waveform riding on a massive DC PUSH/pressure in the creation of the HHO, basically how matter itself works in the 2d waveform interactive level (two waveforms interacting and creating the vortex or charged particle.)
What you do is add 'high frequency' -high intensity light of the correct frequency to aid or grease the stair stepped energy levels past the threshold.
This, properly done, should notably increase the efficiency of the HHO and similar production.
However, read closely. There is much more information in there than just the simple direct words.
Quote from: Prophmaji on March 14, 2011, 01:42:01 PM
I can't even navigate or read this forum anymore. TOO MUCH ADVERTISING INTERFERENCE.
here's your hint for the day... google 'noscript' and 'adblock'.
Since you are already enacting the 'molecular breakdown', then please see where this makes sense to 'aid' the 'situation'.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
One hundred years after superconductivity was first observed in 1911, the team from Oxford, Germany and Japan observed conclusive signatures of superconductivity after hitting a non-superconductor with a strong burst of laser light.
‘We have used light to turn a normal insulator into a superconductor,’ says Professor Andrea Cavalleri of the Department of Physics at Oxford University and the Max Planck Department for Structural Dynamics, Hamburg. ‘That’s already exciting in terms of what it tells us about this class of materials. But the question now is can we take a material to a much higher temperature and make it a superconductor?’
The material the researchers used is closely related to high-temperature copper oxide superconductors, but the arrangement of electrons and atoms normally act to frustrate any electronic current.
In the journal Science, they describe how a strong infrared laser pulse was used to perturb the positions of some of the atoms in the material. The compound, held at a temperature just 20 degrees above absolute zero, almost instantaneously became a superconductor for a fraction of a second, before relaxing back to its normal state.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
http://www.physorg.com/news/2011-01-material-superconductor.html
I just found a note on my harddisk from an old posting in
a different forum, which I had saved.
It says regarding the GoCart demo and his Hydrogen reactor there:
See the video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JbaLMYwNutM
The reaction box that linnard has on his go cart is a 2 chamber
box,one is a reaction chamber,the other is a bubbler,he is useing
sulfuric acid diluted with water,Fe304 (iron oxide black powder)and
Al2O3 (aluminium oxide)to make the hydrogen in large quantities.
This
is no new process as it has been known in the chemistry circles for
many years, just look up making hydrogen with sulfuric acid on the
net.
watch his videos closely,he says what he uses as far as acid
goes.
also he doesnt say how long the process goes,it may go for 5
min,the go cart didnt go very far,how long does the Fe304 and the
Al2O3 last?
who knows,but now you know how to do it,try it and see what
your results would be,linnard claims to get 180 liters per min,but for
how long is the key.there are no batteries or electricity connected to
the box,its a chemical reaction.
Regards, Stefan.
I also found again the old picture from Linnard´s first Hydrogen generator,
that he had posted at oupower.com
He never revealed completely , how he had built it,
but now it is clear, that he used Al2O3 and Fe304
in sulfuric acid diluted with water and got a very nice hydrogen output.
Did anybody of you try this already and could see,
how long this reaction lasts ?
Ive never heard of this device before.
But, using sulfuric acid and Al Fe, seems as if all that is needed is to connect via resistor(or a load) to the plates( Al Fe) and no input should be required. It is a battery.
I wonder how much HHO comes from a normal auto battery while charging? If the gas is being produced and just expelled, then what a waste.
Maybe in Linnards case, producing HHO is more eff during charging. The input must be configured in charge mode, not series discharge mode, no? Being that the acid, Al ,Fe should be a battery in itself. More degradation to plates in discharge than in charge. ;]
Mags
Hello Stefan,
Dr. Linnard had told me years ago that the reason the go-kart did not go far is because the large plastic container cracked and started spilling everything out. That's why the go-kart stopped and the girl who was driving it was pointing backwards at it.
The novel part of the reaction was that he was using colloidal silver and colloidal magnesium in the electrolyte mix. No oxygen was released into the chamber, it was all tied up in the aluminum as the reaction progressed. So the aluminum was consumed and only pure hydrogen was produced.
My experiments never had a huge output of hydrogen because he was using a proprietary electrode as the cathode. It was called Incoloy 800 and was produced by a company named Special Metals Corporation.
Link: http://www.painc.com/incoloy%20800.htm
I never ordered any, and I never personally did experiments with it. All my experiments used tungsten or tungsten carbide as the cathode with zinc as the anode. They gave out pitiful amounts of gas output. By that time my experimenting with this technology was finished and I was waiting for Dr. Griffin to start producing hydrogen commercially.
That apparently never materialized.