would this setup work?

[CrazyEwok]

Some minor modifications and reasoning for them you might want to try in the testing phases...
1. utilizing the "repulsion is stronger than attraction in magnets" statement. Set up your outer magnets at a specific angles and have the pole aligned around the edge (90 degs on what you have now) this will provide you with 2 forms of movement. 1. attraction on the way to the magnet and 2.on the way out from the magnet.
2. Sticky point. Try placing multiple magnets on the inner section. The positioning of these magnets is your main thing. You need to place them so that there is a form of propulsion (attraction/repulsion) where your sticky point is for each magnets passing cycle. Good luck with that one.
3. You have magnets and movement. if you only need a small boost you could try adding an electrical component to try and capture some of that movement and pulse it into electromagnets (this would require timed switches and some serious thought into capacitors)

if you want to keep is all mechanical instead of electrical. A little more complicated might be having the inner magnets on a "tilt/swivel table" so they can rotate slightly but gravity will cause them to fall into natural positions ( you could use this to try and rotate the magnets a little to reduce your negative forces) either way this is one hell of a project and if you get it up and running it will be awesome to see!!! good luck