The correct theory of electricity

[thx1138]

I think you have misinterpreted some of Dr. Tesla's statements.

As Tesla stated Hertz waves simply do not exists

I don't think Dr. Tesla said this. He did say that Hetyz waves could not carry signals or power very far due to damping but he never said they do not exist.

This is not about athospheric electricity, not air , not ions.

From 'Tesla Cosmic Ray Motor May Transmit Power ‘Round Earth', by John A.O’NEILL for Brooklin Eagle on JUly 10, 1932, 'I have harnessed the cosmic rays and caused them to operate a motive device', declared Nikola Tesla, famous scientist, in an interview last evening on the eve of his 76th birthday. 'Cosmic ray investigation is a subject that is very close to me. I was the first to discover these rays and I naturally feel toward them as I would toward my own flesh and blood.', said Dr. Tesla. ... Dr. Tesla stated that the amount of power he was able to develop in the device was insignificant. I asked him if its power output was of the same magnitude as that of Crookes‘ radiometer, the device with four vanes in a glass tube that are rotated by sunlight, and which is often seen in jewelers‘ windows. He stated that the power output was many thousand times that of a Crookes‘ radiometer. 'The attractive feature of the cosmic rays is their constancy. They shower down on us throughout the whole 24 hours, and if a plant is developed to use their power it will not require devices for storing energy as would be necessary with devices using wind, tide or sunlight. All of my investigations seem to point to the conclusion that they are small particles, each carrying so small a charge that we are justified in calling them neutrons. They move with great velocity, exceeding that of light. More than 25 years ago I began my efforts to harness the cosmic rays and I can now state that I have succeeded in operating a motive device by means of them.' I was able to prevail upon Dr. Tesla to give me some idea of the principle upon which his cosmic ray motor works. 'I will tell you in the most general way', he said. 'The cosmic ray ionizes the air, setting free many charges â€" ions and electrons. These charges are captured in a condenser which is made to discharge through the circuit of the motor.'

And from 'In the Realm of Science: Tesla. Who Predicted Radio, Now Looks Forward to Sending Waves to the Moon', by John J. O’NEILL for New York Herald Tribune dated August 22, 1937: 'The effects at great elevations', Dr. Tesla continued, 'are due to waves of extremely small lengths produced by the sun in a certain region of the atmosphere. This is the discovery I wish to make known. The process involved in the generation of the waves is the following: The sun projects charged particles constituting an electric current which passes through a conducting stratum of the atmosphere approximately ten kilometers (six miles) thick enveloping the earth. This is a transmission of electrical energy exactly as I illustrated in my experimental lecture in which one end of a wire is connected to an electric generator of high potential, its other end being free. In this case the generator is represented by the sun and the wire by the conducting air. The passage of the solar current involves the transference of electrical charges from particle to particle with the speed of light, resulting in the production of extremely short and penetrating waves. As the air stratum mentioned is the source of the waves it follows that the so-called cosmic rays observed at great altitude must increase as this stratum is approached.'

So radiant energy recovery, IMO, has everything to do with the atmosphere, ions, and waves but not Hertzian transverse waves.

[ionizer]

I know there was some confusion back in the days about radiant energy because in the past people associated it with the photo electric efffect in which high energy photons knock out electrons due to secondary emission.
It could also mean something like ion wind comparable to solar wind which charges up bodies it encounters.
I did some experiments long time ago and noticed the ground wire showd up as being positive when the electrode was bombarded with an airflow of highly charged air.

Also when you say atmosphere it's a word with wide spread meaning the earth has a magnetic field which is DC this makes the copmpass point north and then there is the electromagnetic field which is AC this is where all radiowaves go and also lightwaves then there is the electric field which is the atmospheric charge between the top of the ionosphere and ground so there are a lot of things to look at when you say atmosphere.

From Moray i know he did 3 staged frequency conversion probably in a 3 staged ring modulator to transform low frequency to mid range and from there to ultra high frequency and maybe the way around from high to low so in any case he was not just stepping up and down voltages but converting frequencies.
Also the detector seemed to have used a radioactive salt which probably ionized the tube and the area around the detector itself.
Yes he did say it was the ions.
I am unaware of any gas used in his tube but if so it could cointain a plasma which is a superconductor.
He somehow managed to place his load between the waves of energy coming and going from space the energy was forced to run through his load before given the oppertunity to flow back something like that.
But Moray research was a long time ago for me i did do a large amount of testing but never made it to the power levels he was reaching.
It could verry well be the energy radiated by lightning strokes like the schumann resonance or pherhaps it was coming to us from outer space like he was thinking maybe from the sun who knows.

Anywho i did not find enough material about this subject to make a working device.

[thx1138]

Isopropyl alcohol vapor capacitor, an extreme high-voltage semiconductor.

Like a sealed Leyden jar but full of the alcohol vapor instead of water. Try to get all the air out and just have the saturated vapor in there. There is an explosion hazard so don't use glass and do wear safety glasses.

Sorry I can't tell you more.

I apologize for my snarky reply yesterday. I get that way after a couple of days with no sleep. With a rested and clearer perspective this morning I looked into the saturated alcohol vapor 'condenser' and did indeed find an interesting reference - an easily built real time cosmic ray visualization device that can detect charged particles at low altitudes: http://quarknet.fnal.gov/resources/QN_CloudChamberV1_4.pdf
Of course detecting charged particles and harnessing their power are two different things.
Having read the other posts this morning, I find that I have a very limited mind. I cannot conceive of the idea that anyone would want to stroke a contained, saturated alcohol vapor with a 60kV shot. What in the world were you thinking?
I did notice that the above article said that ethyl alcohol works better than isopropyl. Maybe that was the problem.

So since when did capacitors become semi conductors?

A semiconductor is defined as a substance that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not others. Useing that definition the dielectric in a capacitor is a voltage controlled semiconductor. In its normal state it does not conduct. When the dielectric breaks down, typically from too high a voltage being applied, it conducts. Of course, in the case of a capacitor, it is a 'one-shot' semiconductor that lets out its magic smoke.

Air in a spark gap acts the same way. A sufficienty high voltage will break down the dielectric property of the air and it will conduct when it becomes sufficiently charged. Air, however, has the ability to 'heal' itself by once again becoming an insulator when the voltage is removed whereas the capacitor does not have that feature.

So we can look at air as a semiconductor that operates under unusual conditions and a spark gap device as the transistor of Dr. Tesla's day. The following quote, from page 216 of The Nikola Tesla Treasury by Wilder Publications,  is interesting in that it somewhat describes the use of a transistor today where a low voltage/current is used to control a much higher volatge/current: 'The ideal medium for a discharge gap should only crack...think for the sake of illustration, of a piece of glass or similar body clamped in a vice, and the vice tightened more and more. At a certain point a minute increase of the pressure will cause the glass to crack. The loss of energy involved in splitting the glass may be practically nothing, for though the force is great, the displacement need be but extremely small.'

[thx1138]

Isopropyl alcohol vapor capacitor, an extreme high-voltage semiconductor.

Like a sealed Leyden jar but full of the alcohol vapor instead of water. Try to get all the air out and just have the saturated vapor in there. There is an explosion hazard so don't use glass and do wear safety glasses.

Sorry I can't tell you more.

I apologize for my snarky reply yesterday. I get that way after a couple of days with no sleep. With a rested and clearer perspective this morning I looked into the saturated alcohol vapor 'condenser' and did indeed find an interesting reference - an easily built real time cosmic ray visualization device that can detect charged particles at low altitudes: http://quarknet.fnal.gov/resources/QN_CloudChamberV1_4.pdf
Of course detecting charged particles and harnessing their power are two different things.
Having read the other posts this morning, I find that I have a very limited mind. I cannot conceive of the idea that anyone would want to stroke a contained, saturated alcohol vapor with a 60kV shot. What in the world were you thinking?
I did notice that the above article said that ethyl alcohol works better than isopropyl. Maybe that was the problem.

So since when did capacitors become semi conductors?

A semiconductor is defined as a substance that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not others. Useing that definition the dielectric in a capacitor is a voltage controlled semiconductor. In its normal state it does not conduct. When the dielectric breaks down, typically from too high a voltage being applied, it conducts. Of course, in the case of a capacitor, it is a 'one-shot' semiconductor that lets out its magic smoke.

Air in a spark gap acts the same way. A sufficienty high voltage will break down the dielectric property of the air and it will conduct when it becomes sufficiently charged. Air, however, has the ability to 'heal' itself by once again becoming an insulator when the voltage is removed whereas the capacitor does not have that feature.

So we can look at air as a semiconductor that operates under unusual conditions and a spark gap device as the transistor of Dr. Tesla's day. The following quote, from page 216 of The Nikola Tesla Treasury by Wilder Publications,  is interesting in that it somewhat describes the use of a transistor today where a low voltage/current is used to control a much higher volatge/current: 'The ideal medium for a discharge gap should only crack...think for the sake of illustration, of a piece of glass or similar body clamped in a vice, and the vice tightened more and more. At a certain point a minute increase of the pressure will cause the glass to crack. The loss of energy involved in splitting the glass may be practically nothing, for though the force is great, the displacement need be but extremely small.'

[forest]

Nothing was misinterpreted.
Read it by yourself :
http://www.tfcbooks.com/tesla/1919-05-00.htm


http://www.tfcbooks.com/tesla/1929-09-22.htm


http://www.tfcbooks.com/tesla/1932-09-11.htm


If Tesla was right (and I think he was ) there is no transverse electromagnetic waves. Hard to believe but I found how it might evolved - here however there are msotly my assumptions.... I believe ed Leedscalnin was in contact with late Tesla and he described him the correct and simple theory of electricity which is very close to my point of view - longitudinal but rotating waves in ether. Like tubes of force in gaseous substance moving like corkscrew and thus having one of two polarities. Such rotating longitudinal wave can have properties like transverse wave when examined locally.


Anyway, look at tree rocked in the wind : does this transverse movement prove that wind is transverse movement in air ?