Re-Inventing The Wheel-Part1-Clemente_Figuera-THE INFINITE ENERGY MACHINE

[RandyFL]

Rams,

Electrical impedance is the measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to a current when a voltage is applied.

In quantitative terms, it is the complex ratio of the voltage to the current in an alternating current (AC) circuit. Impedance extends the concept of resistance to AC circuits, and possesses both magnitude and phase, unlike resistance, which has only magnitude. When a circuit is driven with direct current (DC), there is no distinction between impedance and resistance; the latter can be thought of as impedance with zero phase angle

If for example you would need 160 turns of wire to hold a stable electromagnet at 50 volts AC, for pulsed DC you would need 640 turns of the same gauge wire wound on similar dia coils.

You could use a relay (s) to whatever amperage you wanted to make up the difference in turns... the problem in mains ( in the states ) the 120 AC comes in 20 amps and the 240 comes in 40 amps... but as I stated before any number of batteries in DC series could amp up any device ex. electric cars, trains and whatever...

All the Best
Randy

[gyulasun]

...
In fact Pulsed DC behaves strangely. You can simply wind a coil  where each turn is spaced out to  1000+ turns and give pulsed dC from a variac using a diode bridge rectifier and when the input voltage goes to 250 volts the output voltage on a load of 5 x200 watts lamps connected in parallel becomes 270 volts. In the same coil. This is not shown when we apply AC where the voltage goes down when load is given on the load meters. Why this is so is not clear to me. And this does not happen even in pulsed DC until we provide 250 volts from the Variac. 

Hi NRamaswami,

IT is a strange behaviour for sure. Things to consider: when diode bridge is not present in the circuit and the Variac is cranked up to give the 250V AC output for the load, does the 220V voltage  at the Variac input also go down when the 250V goes down across the load?   How low does it go down? from 250V to how many volts?
On the diode bridge:  what is its voltage and amper rating? maybe type designation if you do not know the ratings?

Similarly it requires four times the length of wire and turns to create a stable electromagnet at 50 volts for pulsed DC than the the number of turns required for AC at 50 volts. I do not understand these things.

Would like to understand what you mean on a 'stable' electromagnet? And what is it like when not 'stable'?  And you are speaking of the same coil here which was used in the pulsed DC coil, to which the diode bridge was connected with the lamp load?

Gyula

[gyulasun]

....
Gyula,
not to beat a dead horse... so what you're stating is everything is based on the input ( lenz law, flux, induction, gap potential and secondary  )...
X amount of energy from the source is going to produce Y amount of energy... no more... no Less...
is that correct...?
...

Hi RandyFL,

I do not know if there is a dead horse or there isn't.  What I wrote earlier to you was meant specifically for your question, and please interpret it in that connotation,  and NRamaswari also explained to you in Reply #2175.

Gyula

[RandyFL]

Gyula,
Sorry I must have missed that...
Will go back and re read...

Randy

[NRamaswami]

Gyula:

Your Questions:

when diode bridge is not present in the circuit and the Variac is cranked up to give the 250V AC output for the load, does the 220V voltage  at the Variac input also go down when the 250V goes down across the load?   How low does it go down? from 250V to how many volts?

Answer: The Input from the mains to the Variac does not go down. The diode Bridge consumes as I estimated approximately about 20 to 22 watts. It is a 35 Amps 1000 Volts Diode Bridge Rectifier. At the load the voltage went down to 220 if my memory serves me right. This was an experiment done in probably April 2013. We Considered the device to be failure as it did not get magnetized. We tried to make an electromagnet by connecting the device to the variac (2 amps maximum and it fumed and so we immediately stopped) and connected to the load.

Stable Electromagnet: A stable electromagnet is one where the coils can receive the input and work as an electromagnet. At higher voltages We need a lot of turns and length of wire to hold the magnet or otherwise either the fuze blows out or the office circuit breaker which I believe is rated at 35 Amps blows out. If the fuze does not blow out and the electromagnet can remain available to perform its intended function it is a stable electromagnet.

I have my own questions..

What is Pulsed DC? The Analog voltmeter which can show both DC and AC voltage readings showed 270 volts. But the digital multimeter showed 220 volt AC and 90 Volt DC. Now Patrick has taught me that pulsed DC is nothing but AC without the negative or bottom wave while Randy says it is DC. I'm very confused on this. My understanding is that it is a kind of interrupted DC and it goes in one way only with positive sign wave only when we used the diode bridge. That way it differs from AC but with the sign wave it differs from DC which has a square wave.

I do not have the variac in working condition. I think it is gone. You may wind a coil with space of one wire each between each turn and complete about 1000+ turns. And check this yourself. Please put plastic iron sheet and plastic between each layer when you wind because that is how that device was wound.

In India we have a problem of spurious components. The fuse that was rated at 1 amp did not blow out even at 7 amp input the otherday. The variac was made only for 2.25 amps input limit I think. It is a 500 watts Variac. So the fuse must have allowed more current to flow through and it should have caused the variac to short at some place. I think it can be repaired but there is no use for it now.

One of the forum members is replicating the device described by me. Let him complete and verify if the results are replicatable. He lives in a rich country and has heating equipment that can be heated by the device output and can measure what is the input and what is the output on load. He also has the facilities for testing.  So I would request others who want to replicate to hold until he finishes.

I think if the secondary is a thicker wire or as thick as the primary wire, then at a certain length and turns of the secondary and at a certain voltage level we are able to reach COP>1 level. But this can never ever be achieved if we use the transformer design where the Lenz law effect is predominant. But after crossing this voltage level it the COP level suddenly shoots up. I have checked for a 4 sq mm wire ( which is not used normally for wiring) up to 300 volts and it did not cross COP=1 level itself. But when the voltage has gone to 620 it was COP>8. I think all our equipment are rated to fail below this voltage level and are designed for this purpose.

Similarly I have seen that a very thick insulation plays a very important part for the output. I do not even understand why but you can check it for yourself with a three core or four core cable which has a very thick insulation and use it to make an electromagnet and use ordinary wires and alternate the cable and wire for the primary and secondary and you can see the difference. I'm not able to really explain but thicker insulation and thicker wires provides better performance. I think if we use 10 sq mm wire the COP>1 results may come even at 300 volt levels but we never ever would that wire for normal wiring purposes.

When I read transformers I asked why the secondary should not be wound with a lot of thick wire and a lot of turns and length? I felt that both votlage and amperage should go up.  What will happen if it is wound like that and did not find the answer any where and so I did this arrangement. Unfortunately the higher gauge copper wires are so expensive I could not check them for the secondary performance. Similarly I do not know why thicker secondary wires are not used in Tesla coils. It will be bulky and uneconomical perhaps but a thicker wire in the secondary of a Tesla coil must provide for higher amperage and if the turns are the same as the smaller wire the voltage cannot go down either. Why no material which can stand high frequency is put inside the Tesla coil?  May be I do not have the brains to understand that this will not work but I do not hesitate to ask questions and investigate. This is how I tried.

Randy:

Thanks for the explanation. Please keep in mind that I'm not trained and may use phrases that are not used normally. Like the stable electromagnet above for which I had to explain to Gyula.