A Treatise on the Magnetic Vector Potential and the Marinov Generator

[F6FLT]

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There are three solutions to amplify this.

1. Use a material that has a much higher drift velocity than copper, For instance the semi conductor Indium Antimonide can have an electron mobility 10000x higher than copper. This is also why almost every Hall sensor uses a semi conductor sample because the very high electron mobility amplifies the lorentz force considerably. This option is pretty expensive as you need to order a wafer and perhaps also laser cut it.

Hi Broli,
I'm aware of the problem of the drift velocity, it's a critical point, that's why I placed the biggest 120K resistors in the maximum gradient area. The drift velocity is Vd=µ.E with µ the mobility. Across the resistor, we have half the generator voltage, that's why I put resistors, otherwise with copper wires only, E would be very small (less than 1 mV). So I was expecting Vd to be thousands times higher in the resistor than in the copper wire.

2. Using multiple turns somehow. So far this proves impossible as can be seen any "return" causes the oppesite effect.

I agree. It's the same problem as Faraday disk or homopolar generators in general.

3. Use mechanical motion to move the electrons at high speeds. This method is as shown on the very first post of this thread. The advantage is that this is very easy and much cheaper to test. Both rotational and linear variants can be build very similar to Smudge's conveyor belt idea.

This should work but in mechanics, I'm the problem, I'm not good at it . I'll try to calculate Vd first, to know if I should have seen something or not in my setup, and then prospect for other materials like Indium Antimonide that you suggested.

[broli]

You bring up a good point about resistors. In particular carbon. I did not do enough research into this to explore carbon based materials to amplify the drift velocity. I know graphene has a very high electron mobility. I don't know about graphite. I guess a good test is to perform a Hall voltage test. If it is in the mV range near a B field it would be very good.


A setup that could use such material would be one where a high mobility material would leave between two magnets. As the A field decreases longitudinally the charge would be pushed in the same direction of motion. Alternatively this can be done mechanically by a timing belt and a stepper motor.


It's actually surprising to see how cheap a graphene sheet can be these days: http://aliexpi.com/NVf

[F6FLT]

I understood the measurement problem last night. It is not an experimental question, but a question of principle.

It is impossible to measure anything with the voltmeter connected between the two mid-points of the two branches. The result is null because the same rule that makes us see a potential difference between these two points by applying the effect of the vector potential along the measured circuit, also makes us see an equal potential difference but in opposite direction along the voltmeter measurement circuit.

It is a general measurement problem when a voltmeter is part of a loop through which there is a magnetic flux, or along which an induced electric field appears from the vector potential. It is no longer at all like measuring potentials in a simple network of resistors and generators.

Nevertheless, the question of drift velocity must be maintained. It reminded me of articles on how to detect the vector potential far from its source.
A plasma such as a neon bulb is used: a current flows in the opposite direction in the two branches of the lamp, with high drift velocity electrons. The opposite effect of A on the electrons of each branch causes a measurable phase difference between the two branches. See the attached file below "Confirmation Measurements of Vector Potential Waves". This article follows two theoretical papers which also contain descriptions of interesting experiments that have been done, and are within reach of non-physicists but well equipped in the RF field. These two other papers are here:
https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.4816100
https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0217984911026024
(Use sci-hub to get full articles from the DOI number).

This is a high frequency varying vector potential, but the idea may be adaptable when, as here, we are looking to detect a spatially varying vector potential. I'm thinking about it now.

[F6FLT]

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[broli]

Interesting read. However the attached paper concludes that they can't confirm nor deny the existence of the vector potential.


But indeed a CCFL gas discharge tube could also be highly desirable method to test the effect of this longitudinal induction force. Electrons can reach speeds of 100,000m/s in these tubes. Doing some research I found a paper where the hall voltage is measured in such tube. Since the hall voltage and this longitudinal force would be in the same range. This is quite a significant voltage.


The cool part is that the high voltage AC that usually drives these tubes has no effect on. The electron will be accelerated in either direction AS LONG as the tube is kept on the same side. An interesting test is to check if the voltage would drop if the tube is put on the other side!


EDIT: Infact the plasma CCFL does not even have to be curved at all. Analyzing the induced E field for uniform movement from left to right shows a longitudinal E-field as well (which makes sense).