Tesla Patent 512340 REDUX

[allcanadian]

I started this new thread because I believe I was wrong, such is life. It's funny how we complicate and twist things too suit our view of reality at the time, and I believe I have strayed off course. So this is a Redux-- Hopefully from Teslas perspective.

All quotes are from Tesla's Patent 512340

In electric apparatus or systems in which alternating currents are employed the self-induction of the coils or conductors may, and in fact, in many cases does operate disadvantagely by giving rise to false currents which often reduce what is known as the commercial efficiency of the apparatus composing the system or operate detrimentally in other respects. The effects of self-induction, above referred to, are known to be neutralized by proportioning to a proper degree the capacity of the circuit with relation to the self-induction and frequency of the currents. This has been accomplished heretofore by the use of condensers constructed and applied as separate instruments

Here Tesla states "coils and conductors can operate disadvantagely by giving rise to false currents", these false currents relate to the effects of self-induction. He also states the self-induction can be neutralized by adding the proper degree of capacitance.I have come to see self-induction as electrical inertia, that is current will be opposed by an inductance when a magnetic field is expanding and current will want to maintain its motion as the magnetic field collapses. I see this as a resistance to the natural resonance of the inductance because the electric and magnetic components can never be in true resonance, as such the primary inducing coils can never be in resonance with the secondary induced coils.

I have found that in every coil there exists a certain relation between its self-induction and capacity that permits a current of given frequency and potential to pass through it with no other opposition than that of ohmic resistance, or, in other words, as though it possessed no self-induction. This is due to the mutual relations existing between the special character of the current and the self-induction and capacity of the coil, the latter quantity being just capable of neutralizing the self-induction for that frequency. It is well-known that the higher the frequency or potential difference of the current the smaller the capacity required to counteract the self-induction; hence, in any coil, however small the capacity, it may be sufficient for the purpose stated if the proper conditions in other respects be secured. In the ordinary coils the difference of potential between adjacent turns or spires is very small, so that while they are in a sense condensers, they possess but very small capacity and the relations between the two quantities, self-induction and capacity, are not such as under any ordinary conditions satisfy the requirements herein contemplated, because the capacity relatively to the self-induction is very small.

Here Tesla states that a current of given frequency and potential can pass through an inductance with no other opposition than that of ohmic resistance if certain conditions are met, in this statement we can assume in a conventional sense that an alternating current is always opposed. As well Lenz Law would state induced currents will always be opposed but I do not think this can apply to standing waves which by nature could not have a resistance to there motion to be considered standing waves--- they would be dampened waves.

In order to attain my object and to properly increase the capacity of any given coil, I wind it in such way as to secure a greater difference of potential between its adjacent turns or convolutions, and since the energy stored in the coil considering - the latter as a condenser, is proportionate to the square of the potential difference between its adjacent convolutions, it is evident that I may in this way secure by a proper disposition of these convolutions a greatly increased capacity for a given increase in potential difference between the turns.

Here Tesla states he wants to secure a greater difference of potential between a coils adjacent turns or convolutions considering the coil as a condenser. It is well known that a capacitors ability to store energy is proportional to the potential difference between the plates and Tesla states securing a GREATER potential difference between turns will increase the capacity thus energy storing ability of the coil. This single point I believe has misled many people, myself included, until we consider capacitive and inductive reactance. At high frequencies capacitive reactance (resistance) decreases as inductive reactance(resistance) increases, at lower frequencies the roles reverse and capacitive reactance increases as inductive reactance decreases. Since the object of many of Teslas circuits is high potential/high frequency currents for increased efficiency it would seem we cannot win, but I believe Teslas patent has shown us how to correct this condition.

If now, as shown in Figure 2, a conductor B be wound parallel with the conductor A and insulated from it, and the end of A be connected with the starting point of B, the aggregate length of the two conductors being such that the assumed number of convolutions or turns is the same, viz., one thousand, then the potential difference between any two points in A and B will be fifty volts, and as the capacity effect is proportionate to the square of this difference, the energy stored in the coil as a whole will now be two hundred and fifty thousand as great. Following out this principle, I may wind any given coil either in whole or in part, not only in the specific manner herein illustrated, but in a great variety of ways, well-known in the art, so as to secure between adjacent convolutions such potential difference as will give the proper capacity to neutralize the self-induction for any given current that may be employed.

Here some very important statements are made by Tesla---

as the capacity effect is proportionate to the square of this difference

---potential difference between turns and this capacity effect is proportional to the SQUARE of this potential difference, meaning a greater amount of energy is stored as a capacitance relative to a small increase in the potential difference between turns.

as the capacity effect is proportionate to the square of this difference, the energy stored in the coil as a whole will now be two hundred and fifty thousand as great.

The energy stored in the coil as a whole will now be two hundred and fifty thousand as great---- I think this statement speaks for itself. The question is "how does he do it?", we should first understand this coil is meant for high potential/high frequency currents---- meaning at high frequency the potential in one section of wire can be much higher than in a section of the same wire an inch away increasing the potential difference between turns thus capacity or energy storing ability as capacitance. But why should we bother storing energy as a capacitance between turns? We should remember we are dealing with a high frequency/high potential air core coil, a factor limiting the efficiency is the self-inductance of the coil or inductive reactance. We could consider this as inertia or the momentum of a moving electric current and just when the primary current wants to reverse this self-induced momentum comes into play---like trying to push a swing out of time a considerable amount of energy is wasted. But what if this self-induced resistance to the primary current reversal(false current)could be stored in another form--- as an electric field between turns in the coil---as a capacitance. In this case the self-induction or inductive reactance is neutralized and the coil can alternate at it's natural resonant frequency which should match the primary frequency. If you can concieve this as possible then it seems concievable that this energy from the self-induction current stored as a capacitance between turns could discharge itself when the current reverses thus adding to the reversed primary current----a standing wave.

[NerzhDishual]

Hi AllCanadian

The patent your are talking about is here:
http://freenrg.info/Patents/Tesla/US00512340_Coil_for_Electro_Magnets_Tesla.pdf

Perhaps this could be of any help. ...

Best

[allcanadian]

@NerzhDishual
I got my patent info from here---http://keelynet.com/tesla/

[am1ll3r]

While experimenting with the Tesla Ozone Patent 568177 I wanted to use a coil such as the one in patent 512340. I tried winding my wire and it became a mess. Does anyone have any tips on winding such a coil?  another thing would a coil wound in such a fashion (pancake) use less wire? I mean for example in my testing I am using transformer from microwave and their is obviously allot of wire in the secondary. Do you think similar results would be seen with a secondary coil (pancake) but using significantly less wire?
Thanks for sharing your thought AC 

-am1ll3r

[allcanadian]

@ am1ll3r
There is something all of us have been missing, we should build this coil as a capacitor first not last, this is based on the resonant frequency of the circuit---patent 568177. I have built a few "pancake" coils and none of them would meet Tesla specifications, not one. I have posted a photo of one of the coils I was testing with mixed results and I understand why I got the bad results.
Lets start at the end first ---- the discharge
I think we are all familiar with the discharge from an ignition coil, the spark is well defined, a narrow blue colored arc with white tinges near the conductors, it makes a sharp cracking noise on discharge. We could consider this an arc produced by means of EM induction, but this is not the arc I am producing. The arc across the ends of my pancake coil from a single contact(switch) cycle in patent 568177 produces an arc that is a brilliant white and radiates in all directions--more like a spherical arc having a large volume, it has very soft edges and a soft tone with no crackling noises. I would consider this an arc produced by rapidly oscillating capacitive discharges.
An important point to be made here is that once my circuit (568177) is in operation all the parameters change, a single impulse into this circuit may give the desired effect to some degree but once the circuit is in operation the tuning of this primary/secondary pancake coil with the main circuits resonant frequency becomes critical. I will try to expand on how we will tune our coil in another post, at this point I am trying to simplify what is needed to a few basic calculations and a brief description.