glue cells (zero point energy, made simple)

[nitinnun]

i just made another discovery:

if the glue in the cell is pressurized, the amperage increases by about 4 times!

so if an unpressurized glue cell produces 1 volt at 1 milli-amp, a pressurized cell produces 1 volt at about 4 milli-amps.


to pressurize, i cut the top off the elmer's glue bottle.

then i stick the copper/steel in.

then i poured guerilla glue into the bottle, on top of the glue.
i pour enough guerilla glue to seal up the top, but not enough to displace much elmer's glue.

the guerilla glue puffs up when it dries. it seals the elmer's glue in the bottle, and pressurizes the elmer's glue at the same time.


guerilla glue produces no voltage/amperage. either because of additional chemicals/metals in it, because of how it was processed, or both.
but guerilla glue is extremely strong, and expands in the glues water. so it both seals and pressurizes.


if the pressurization is speeding up the "galvanization", by exciting its chemical reaction, than why is only amperage increased?
why is voltage EXACTLY THE SAME?

and why does voltage very, depending on the metals used?

why does pure bismuth produce more voltage and amperage, than copper?
and why does aluminum produce drasticly less voltage and amperage, than steel?

and on top of that, why does "galvanized steel" produce more voltage and amperage, than iron nails?

[Magnerazz]

Here is the standard Mil Spec galvanic series for metals.The more noble a metal is, the less subject to galvanic reaction. Any two metals placed in a conductive electrolyte and connected in a circuit will produce a voltage due to ion exchange between the metals. The further apart the metals are on the table, the higher the voltage produced and the faster the corrosion process. The less noble metal is converted to ion salts deposited on the more noble metal and is gradually corroded away.

Originally published August 1997

Listed below is the latest galvanic table from MIL-STD-889. I have numbered the materials for future discussion of characteristics. However, for any combination of dissimilar metals, the metal with the lower number will act as an anode and will corrode preferentially.

The table is the galvanic series of metals in sea water from Army Missile Command Report RS-TR-67-11, "Practical Galvanic Series."

The Galvanic Table

Active (Anodic)

   1. Magnesium
   2. Mg alloy AZ-31B
   3. Mg alloy HK-31A
   4. Zinc (hot-dip, die cast, or plated)
   5. Beryllium (hot pressed)
   6. Al 7072 clad on 7075
   7. Al 2014-T3
   8. Al 1160-H14
   9. Al 7079-T6
  10. Cadmium (plated)
  11. Uranium
  12. Al 218 (die cast)
  13. Al 5052-0
  14. Al 5052-H12
  15. Al 5456-0, H353
  16. Al 5052-H32
  17. Al 1100-0
  18. Al 3003-H25
  19. Al 6061-T6
  20. Al A360 (die cast)
  21. Al 7075-T6
  22. Al 6061-0
  23. Indium
  24. Al 2014-0
  25. Al 2024-T4
  26. Al 5052-H16
  27. Tin (plated)
  28. Stainless steel 430 (active)
  29. Lead
  30. Steel 1010
  31. Iron (cast)
  32. Stainless steel 410 (active)
  33. Copper (plated, cast, or wrought)
  34. Nickel (plated)
  35. Chromium (Plated)
  36. Tantalum
  37. AM350 (active)
  38. Stainless steel 310 (active)
  39. Stainless steel 301 (active)
  40. Stainless steel 304 (active)
  41. Stainless steel 430 (active)
  42. Stainless steel 410 (active)
  43. Stainless steel 17-7PH (active)
  44. Tungsten
  45. Niobium (columbium) 1% Zr
  46. Brass, Yellow, 268
  47. Uranium 8% Mo.
  48. Brass, Naval, 464
  49. Yellow Brass
  50. Muntz Metal 280
  51. Brass (plated)
  52. Nickel-silver (18% Ni)
  53. Stainless steel 316L (active)
  54. Bronze 220
  55. Copper 110
  56. Red Brass
  57. Stainless steel 347 (active)
  58. Molybdenum, Commercial pure
  59. Copper-nickel 715
  60. Admiralty brass
  61. Stainless steel 202 (active)
  62. Bronze, Phosphor 534 (B-1)
  63. Monel 400
  64. Stainless steel 201 (active)
  65. Carpenter 20 (active)
  66. Stainless steel 321 (active)
  67. Stainless steel 316 (active)
  68. Stainless steel 309 (active)
  69. Stainless steel 17-7PH (passive)
  70. Silicone Bronze 655
  71. Stainless steel 304 (passive)
  72. Stainless steel 301 (passive)
  73. Stainless steel 321 (passive)
  74. Stainless steel 201 (passive)
  75. Stainless steel 286 (passive)
  76. Stainless steel 316L (passive)
  77. AM355 (active)
  78. Stainless steel 202 (passive)
  79. Carpenter 20 (passive)
  80. AM355 (passive)
  81. A286 (passive)
  82. Titanium 5A1, 2.5 Sn
  83. Titanium 13V, 11Cr, 3Al (annealed)
  84. Titanium 6Al, 4V (solution treated and aged)
  85. Titanium 6Al, 4V (anneal)
  86. Titanium 8Mn
  87. Titanium 13V, 11Cr 3Al (solution heat treated and aged)
  88. Titanium 75A
  89. AM350 (passive)
  90. Silver
  91. Gold
  92. Graphite

End - Noble (Less Active, Cathodic)
Notes
AC43.13, starting at Par 247, briefly covers several types of corrosion and corrosion protection. The grouping of materials is an early method of MS33586 which was superseded in 1969 by MIL-S

[Kabuto]

I finally got around to building this last night. It's been at around a volt for the past 15 hours (the attached photo shows 0.922V), and neither of my multimeters want to read amps for some reason. Anyways, this is some more confirmation that it works.

and why does aluminum produce drasticly less voltage and amperage, than steel?

Especially where Magnerazz's chart implies the opposite.

Any two metals placed in a conductive electrolyte and connected in a circuit will produce a voltage due to ion exchange between the metals.

What about the cell with graphite? It worked, but I don't think graphite is an electrolyte.

[Magnerazz]

The electrolyte is the medium your electrodes are immersed in, in this case Elmer's glue. It provides both a conductive path and reactive chemicals. The more noble electrode is the cathode, the less noble electrode is the anode. The anode and the chemicals in the electrolyte are eventually consumed in the reactive process that produces the electric current.

[Kabuto]

The electrolyte is the medium your electrodes are immersed in, in this case Elmer's glue. It provides both a conductive path and reactive chemicals. The more noble electrode is the cathode, the less noble electrode is the anode. The anode and the chemicals in the electrolyte are eventually consumed in the reactive process that produces the electric current.

But there was no glue; it was just graphite. As nitinnun said:

i stuck copper and steel, into a cup of graphite powder (95% carbon. it's the finest type of coal).
i got a very small amount of voltage and amperage (5 millivolts at 0.05 milli-amps).