Common batteries are free energy sources

[forest]

I have looked at this thread and thought that maybe I post something here.Example of  theoretical  OU device where capacitor may be replaced with battery.I didn't proved it or constructed yet.I believe that it may work ,however is hard to adjust the correct parameters. If you want to know more just ask...

[Magnethos]

This guy (tesla 2k6) is impressive. I think that he has read hundreds of books.
I'm researching about one of his theories about how to obtain unlimited battery, but in this case he use another technique.
Follow it at:
http://www.overunity.com/index.php/topic,5490.0.html

[mondrasek]

I placed the little 1:1 telephone transformer in series with the relay solenoid to check for the expected high voltage spikes on the second coil.  They were over 100 V, but my o-scope doesn't show them well at all (could be higher?).  I put those spikes into a RadioShack bridge rectifier (since I still am not sure where to buy Schottky diodes (Digikey?)).  When I fed the output back into the circuit I saw very cool effects immediately.  All the batteries started to rise in voltage.  But that is not unusual if you spike them with HV as I have learned from the Imhotep-Bedini fan experiments.

Batteries all rose about .4 volts and then started to decay much, much, slower than before the HV feedback was introduced.

The wave form into the relay solenoid is not 50-50 right now, but a bit heavier on the -9V side.  I'm not sure why, but the wires in the relay are still acting a bit as a spring helping the switch travel towards that side I guess.  I have a 250V 22mf cap in as C1 since it seems to make the circuit run ok.  Still not sure what cap would be best here and would appreciate any advice.  I have about 8 caps that I have tested that work and was going to take scope pictures and analyze that way, but the Missus has the digicam out with the baby right now.

I know I have losses in the 1:1 transformer as well.  What is the best transformer design to minimize losses at 50Hz for such a transformer?  Air core?  Low resistance?  ?  ?  ?

[mscoffman]

mondrasek;

old stuff:

Every electronics device has an identifier such as 1N4001, 1N914, you need
to look these up in a diode handbook (PDF) file from a semiconductor manufacture.
Almost every diode except for the really-really inexpensive kind has their number
printed on the device. Signal diodes use color banding for the digits of the
numbers but can leave the 1N.. designator off sometimes. You'll often see white,
brown, yellow - 914 - 1N914 germanium signal diodes.

the following will tell you various parameters of the device;

In diodes there will be;

Part Number: 1N4001 the 1Nnnnn - are all common diodes
Function: Power,Signal,Bridge,[forget about the following]=> Zener,tunnel,varicap,trigger,Optoelectronic diodes
Process: silicon, germanium, Schotkey => determines the voltage pedestal

PIV - peak reverse voltage - how much voltage can the diode block before it's damaged for 1N4001 - it is 1KVDc
Hf - what is the half frequency the diode can support - 10Mhz. Where half the AC voltage is lost.
FJC - what is the forward junction capacitance - 15pf.
Iac - what is the maximum forward current - 10Amps.
Ir - what is the leakage current at the maximum voltage - xxmilliamps

Generally signal diodes will have under 1 amp of current capacity, very low junction capacitance,
a relatively low breakdown voltage and possibly a very high Hf frequency.

Power diodes will have a very high forward current, somewhat higher leakage than signal, often
have a very high PIV, and often a low to moderate Hf, and much higher junction capacitance.

Note: The old style desktop computer switching power supplies run at 20KHz to 100KHz
switching frequency. Why: to eliminate the bulk of the magnetic cores from the inductors
and trade off: faster diodes, transistors, scr's etc semiconductor speeds to run efficiently
- yet have to handle high current and wattages. So these scrap supplies are a good source of
power components.

try link:

http://www.jameco.com/

under IC& Semiconductors click on diodes and rectifiers


---

On Wikipedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuity_tester

A buzz-light a tool and is like two 1.5Volt batteries and a flashlight bulb with a red and black insulated
alagator clip leads in a circuit - very simple. Often you can solder a big needle to the back of one
to serve as a probe. It is used for checking continuity of non-powered circuits like cables or
inductors. The battery voltage at 3Vdc is low so you don't have to worry about the probe blowing
other stuff like semiconductors or wiring out. But the bulb will not light well at resistances above
100 ohms or so, so is kind of a low ohms meter. A diode or power transistor should allow the bulb to
light in one direction then if you reverse the leads the bulb will not light. Often a signal diode
will not have low enough forward resistance to light the buzz-light in the forward direction and
you will have to use a DVM instead.

You can do a simple experiment with a NPN *power* transistor and a buzz-light, you put the buzz light
between the Emitter(-) and Collector(+) then take a 470 ohm resistor from the Collector to the Base.
The 470 ohm resister would not light the buzz light itself but the current amplification gain of the
transistor (a figure called Beta) allows the current through 470 ohm resistor to light the light. Reverse
the leads for an PNP power transistor.

A power semiconductor that does not do the above behavior this is either "burnt out" or "shorted" as in a
failure mode.

You should also study how a four (4) diode bridge rectifier works, as this is a common multi-device
component. +,-,AC+,AC- (good, looks like you already have.)

---

From your latest post;

Interesting solution to the problem mondrasek (very good);

The 1:1 transformer at 50Hz should best have an iron core like the R60 core from
the SGS drive coil... Actually the bemf pulse (you need to at least read about
"Fourier transforms") Harmonics are probably far above the basic 50Hz cycle
repetition rate. Meaning a higher frequency core response of the transformer is
better to let the entire pulse through. More like the difference between 50-60Hz
and audio frequencies.

Another solution would be to put the diodes between the cap. and coil.
The circuit could then only tap into the bemf. But I'm not going to say
it is better than what you've already got. As it stands, the transformer
will effect both directions of current through the coil. This may or may not
solve your timing symmetry difficulties.

Another thing you try do is put the scope's second channel across the batteries
(be careful not to create any "ground loops" ie ground wire conflicts)
and make sure the right polarity pulses are happenning to each of the batteries.
The thing I am concerned about is; "race conditions" where the contacts might
interrupt the circuit path before the pulses get entirely through. 


:S:MarkSCoffman

[mondrasek]

@MS, great info as expected!

Fourier transforms!?!?  AURGH! 

I was a 3+ year EE major at the time when I switched to ME some 20+ years ago.  I had made it through the required DiffEQ and Controls classes and had done enough calculus and Fourier transforms to decide I wanted out.  I was tired of doing math all the time.  I liked the theories behind how a magnetic field bends an electron beam to paint the picture on a CRT, but I didn't want to write or work the equations for it.  Now I enjoy asking the EE's I work with when was the last time they did a Fourier transform.  They always laugh.  Last time was always back in college.  It amazes me how little all that higher math we were required to take in college is used in the majority of "Engineering" jobs.  But then again, I will always remember the one professor I had who looked lightly at math errors on exams.  His point was that we were training to be engineers or "problem solvers".  If the solutions we came up with required math beyond our skills we should hire a mathematician to work that part out. 

My deepest respect to those like yourself who appear to have mastered multiple disciplines.

Anyways, after testing the different caps I found I was happiest with the 25V 33mF I have access to at work.  I was attempting to get as near to a square wave as possible across the solenoid (not sure if this is what I should be doing or not, but what the hell).  Too little capacitance and the decay when the contact opens is very steep.  Too much and the leading edge begins to slope and round more at the top.  Higher capacitance also drags the battery voltage down much faster. 

I was concerned with using this polarized electrolytic cap in this way since it sees a reversing polarity pulse.  I figured this would be another "unsymmetrical' item to worry about.  So I took two and put them back to back with their negative terminals connected.  I paralleled that with an identical pair wired the same way.  Any thoughts?

Here are some scope shots.  The single shows only the trace across the solenoid without any other loads in the circuit.  The wave is not quite centered vertically but that is due to my not adjusting the scope prior to the picture.  It's on 5 V/div, so you can see how it oscillates between ~+9V and -9V.

The second has the transformer in series and I have added the output from the second side after the rectifier.  The probe for this one is set to 10X and the scope is on 10 V/div so you can see the great pulses of HV it generates.  I'm not sure what more I can do with this until I get some Schottky diodes.  Thanks for the link.

Do NiCds respond better or worse to the HV spikes than LAs?

What's the best core to get the harmonics and primary spikes through?  I'm guessing it's best to just focus on the primaries?

So, if I am winding my own transformer, what characteristics should I be aiming for?  My guess is low impedance/low resistance.  Is there a minimum number of turns necessary for efficient transfer?  There is a neat calculator for air coils on coilgun.info.  Anything similar for cored coils on the net?

M.