Does Dielectric Displacement Current generate a magnetic field?

[SolarLab]

F.Y.I.

Or even more simply:

Electric charges or Potential Differences can be "exchanged or transferred" either by direct contact (e.g. wire conductor) or by {close} proximity (electrostatic influence).

Current is generally associated with electron "flow" through a conductor and occurs when an electric charge is exchanged between potential charge differences (e.g. a wire circuit with resistance and a battery or oscillatory generator). Within the conductor, electrons "flow" [current] while external to the conductor, magnetic fields "flow."

Electrostatic influence potential difference (charge) transfer does not use a conductor to facilitate "electron flow" therefore no current appears and thus there is no magnetic field. This assumes dry air or a pure dielectric. Arc discharges are beyond the scope here.

The conundrum with Maxwell's equations occurs when a capacitor is considered since there is no direct connection (conductor) to facilitate current "flow" so, it appears, to preserve the "logic" a fudge factor was created. This has come to be known by many names including "Displacement Current". So the question might become; "Does a capacitor have a magnetic field?"

However, if you consider the missing "scalar" part of Maxwell's equations or refer to the original complete equations initially created by Maxwell, there is no anomaly. But this would create another problem (?); that being the likely existence of the illusive {forbidden} aether and the existence of light as both a particle and a wave! Have faith however, there are work-arounds - not too elegant, but, break the problem into both Electromagnetics and Particle Physics!

Also see: http://agni.phys.iit.edu/~vpa/information.html

FIN

[Reiyuki]

Thanks for all that SolarLab, there's a lot to fully process there.  In general, it seems that exploiting the well defined but often neglected concepts is going to be the way forward, to getting a mathematically (or at least conceptually) modeled device out of all this.


I've had plenty of luck getting voltage from HV displacement, but getting current attached to it is a difficult matter.  Usually I get orders of 100's of volts output but in mere microamps.

Using the concepts you've presented, how do you think that issue could be solved?  Separating source-from-discharge like Bearden's 'degenerate semiconductor'?  Or 'boosting' running currents with high voltage like TK devices seem to do?


thanks,
Rei

F.Y.I.

Or even more simply:

Electric charges or Potential Differences can be "exchanged or transferred" either by direct contact (e.g. wire conductor) or by {close} proximity (electrostatic influence).

Current is generally associated with electron "flow" through a conductor and occurs when an electric charge is exchanged between potential charge differences (e.g. a wire circuit with resistance and a battery or oscillatory generator). Within the conductor, electrons "flow" [current] while external to the conductor, magnetic fields "flow."

Electrostatic influence potential difference (charge) transfer does not use a conductor to facilitate "electron flow" therefore no current appears and thus there is no magnetic field. This assumes dry air or a pure dielectric. Arc discharges are beyond the scope here.

The conundrum with Maxwell's equations occurs when a capacitor is considered since there is no direct connection (conductor) to facilitate current "flow" so, it appears, to preserve the "logic" a fudge factor was created. This has come to be known by many names including "Displacement Current". So the question might become; "Does a capacitor have a magnetic field?"

However, if you consider the missing "scalar" part of Maxwell's equations or refer to the original complete equations initially created by Maxwell, there is no anomaly. But this would create another problem (?); that being the likely existence of the illusive {forbidden} aether and the existence of light as both a particle and a wave! Have faith however, there are work-arounds - not too elegant, but, break the problem into both Electromagnetics and Particle Physics!

Also see: http://agni.phys.iit.edu/~vpa/information.html

FIN

[SolarLab]

F.Y.I.

The following video's illustrate only one of several approaches to be investigated; others include Velocity of Modulation as seen in Traveling Wave Tubes; electrical current related magnetic field interactions; earth ground effects with respect to potential difference; Breakaway Electrons; and so forth.

Large credits to those who have provided these valuable insights.

Playlist [5 total] - High Voltage Step Down Transformer:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIF_6L5V8Qm79grxbveQTBfKLxwl5RVgv

Individual Videos (some repeats of above):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zilvl9tS0Og
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LtPeCBHtoY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k06S-01HBqQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6ipm6r7h-Y
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNZFDaEYiDM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZcZkyd9wco

Consider - a foil (open or split) can be electrically similar to a 'close wound' coil (an "area" of conductive material). Wire insulation is dielectric (similar to PVC pipe). Note also, the system "capacitor - energy storage" mechanism.

Consider - Wimshurst RPM at KHz or MHz (electronic operation at radio frequencies {RF}). Bovin Kacher, TT, etc. replacing the Wimshurst HV generator.

Consider - timing is {most likely} critical (injection; SWR; pulse, load shed/sync, etc.).

One general objective is to "model" the system employing modern CAD/CAM/CAE followed by experimental engineering design verification. As Chris B. (SA) once quoted "Anyone can make anything work once; but it takes a good designer to make it reproducible and work well over time and temperature!"

FIN

[SolarLab]

F.Y.I.

Note: this is a modified re-post of the above - an account problem (ongoing) makes posting/editing almost impossible ().

High Voltage Step Down Transformers is one of several approaches being investigated; others include Velocity Modulation (VM) as seen in Traveling Wave Tubes (TWT); electrical current related magnetic field interactions (typically the most pursued theory but little success has been demonstrated to date, by most investigators); earth ground effects with respect to potential difference (new theories are emerging relating to formation/cause of Lightning - "Breakaway Electrons;" {Atmospherics/Geophysics}); and so forth.

Credit to those who have provided valuable insights.

Playlist [5 total] - High Voltage Step Down Transformer:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIF_6L5V8Qm79grxbveQTBfKLxwl5RVgv
Individual Videos (some repeats of above):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qwVOp-HPIVE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zilvl9tS0Og
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9LtPeCBHtoY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k06S-01HBqQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g6ipm6r7h-Y
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNZFDaEYiDM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aZcZkyd9wco

Consider - a foil (open or split) can be electrically similar to a "close wound" helical coil (an "area" of conductive material). Wire insulation is dielectric (similar to PVC pipe).

Note the system's "capacitor energy storage/transfer" mechanism- rapid electrostatic charge [KHz, MHz]; electrostatic influence of a second (or more) output coil [very rapid - without current/magnetic slowdown]; then "on demand" withdrawal of energy from the output coil [current/magnetic] to load [controlled by impedance of load]. Extremely rapid Source charging - feeding a relatively slow (current limited by magnetics) discharge.

Resonance assists the mechanism since "R" is infinite (theoretically) and the source/load {coils - parasitic capacitance, intrinsic inductance and lumped resistance} will likely Oscillate as well {if the feed HV feed pulse, etc., are "tuned" to the system} and may include a Standing or Traveling Wave. OHM's Law applied in quick fashion! Just a postulate, but hopefully we will soon know if it holds water, so to speak. Inductive or Capacitive coupling of the system will also have significant implications. Investigate using Slotted Line techniques with (1) series L,shunt C and (2) series C, shunt L [piece-wise linear transmission line model].

Consider - Wimshurst RPM at KHz or MHz (electronic operation at radio frequencies {RF}). Bovin Kacher, TT, etc. replacing the Wimshurst HV generator.

Consider - timing is likely critical (injection; Standing Wave - Oscillation; pulse feed, load shed/sync, etc.).

One general objective is to "model" the system employing modern CAD/CAM/CAE followed by experimental engineering design verification. As Chris B. (SA) once quoted "Anyone can make anything work once; but it takes a good designer to make it reproducible and work well over time and temperature!"

Electrostatic stuff:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XofdRjwuAu8&list=PLw28_n7AgcmAAWJzDI_6E6C_gtHoh9u2J

Lots could be said about these "ou account" problems, and such, but enough for now.
Good luck to all in sorting through this fascinating mystery!

FIN

[SolarLab]

F.Y.I.

The Derivation of the Formula for Displacement Current

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MjOly3h7brs

The magnetic circulation around any path depends on the electric current linked through the path. The only way to be sure that the current goes through the path is to imagine a membrane bounded by the path. And the same current must pass through the membrane , no matter what shape the membrane takes.

But that is no longer true if the current flows into a capacitor. Then even though current is flowing , there may be none through the membrane. If so, what is the magnetic circulation equal to?
Seeking an answer to that question, Maxwell took a page from Faraday's book. Changing magnetic flux creates electric circulation, and then as usual, he looked at things the other way around.

Could changing electric flux, he wondered, create magnetic circulation. The answer promised to solve the capacitor problem. As current flows into the capacitor, charge builds up, which creates an increasing electric field between the plates. The electric flux through the membrane can be deduced by Gauss's Law by imagining a closed surface . All the flux goes through the dome shaped membrane and its equal to the charge on the capacitor plate over epsilon naught.

The rate of change of electric flux can be found by differentiating both sides of the equation. It is given simply by the current flowing in the wire. In other words, epsilon nought times the rate of change of electric flux through the dome shaped membrane is the same as the electric current through the flat membrane.

This was Maxwell's crucial discovery :the precise manner in which changing electric flux can generate a magnetic field as if it were a kind of electric current.

In fact, Maxwell himself called this Mathematical term "the displacement current." In other words, the magnetic circulation around the closed path is given, not only by the electric charge for it but also by the rate of change of electric flux through it.

This is how James Clark Maxwell completed the laws of electricity and magnetism.

FIN