A SIMPLE ELECTRIC HEATER, WHICH HAS EFFICIENCY GREATER THAN 1

[lancaIV]

Good. But if the efficiency the frequencies ran the heater elements could be used to run dc motors, tv etc, it would have been a great thing

Sokolov,Vladimir  recitating :

The present invention aims at achieving a considerably higher efficiency in feeding an electrical load as compared to the prior art, in particular in the case of ohmic loads, e.g. incandescent bulbs, but also with purely or mainly inductive or capacitive loads, which are of poor efficiency, so as to obtain an enhanced exploitation of electrical energy.

Sincerely
OCWL

[Leely]

I used a blocking oscillator with secondary,  and found out that  it  ran three bulbs brightly than when I connected them directly to the battery. And they seemed to run longer than when they were connected directly to the battery. It seemed this was the same concept which Gerard Morini ran his loads. Or did he show any looped device?

[lancaIV]

This is George1 his tread,
so we should try to stay in-topic !
A. Efficiency ≤100%  ≥0% input/output comparison

1.simple circuit
2.oscillation circuit
3.coil material,circuit elements reactive velocity/speed limit,specific frequency,
resonance frequency ,limit ,physical : resonance catastrophe ~ destruction ( solid to grain : ultra-sonic crusher )


Question as analog motor/generator related,AC !: conventional only AC-motor with no generator function
                                                                                conventional AC-generator with no motor function                                         
                                                                                AC-motor as AC generator : over /under nominal RPM /non/net grid frequency
                                                                                AC generator as motor : nominal generator RPM,as motor ?

What is "efficiency" ,nearly 100% but :
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/searchResults?submitted=true&locale=en_EP&DB=EPODOC&ST=advanced&TI=&AB=&PN=&AP=&PR=&PD=&PA=richard+fradella&IN=&CPC=&IC=&Submit=Search
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=1&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20121011&CC=US&NR=2012256422A1&KC=A1#
0090]    Generator power and efficiency with wind turbine drive is computed below, for a representative example of the present invention, at maximum shaft speed, mid-speed, and minimum usable speed, using a few simplifying approximations. Shaft speed, power, and the other variables in the computations herebelow are exemplary, and not intended as limiting the present invention in any way. This will help explain FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 configuration operation, distinctions and improvements over widely used prior art generators:

    [0091]    Let maximum speed equal 1000 revolutions per minute (rpm), mid-speed equal 500 rpm, and minimum speed equal 100 rpm. Also, let maximum stator current Imax=10 amperes, and nominal VDC=100 volts. Further, let Q1-Q4 power MOSFET ON resistance Rdson=0.01 ohm, inductor L1-L4 series pair winding resistance RL=0.1 ohm. Also, stator winding resistance Rs=0.15 ohm, stator voltage Vmax=100 volts at 1000 rpm, and fly-back (free-wheeling) diode D1-D8 forward drop Vf=1-volt at 10 amp. These parameters are consistent with a test prototype, according to the present invention, developed to generate power from wind turbines.

    [0092]    At 1000 rpm, Vmax=100 volts, so PWM duty-cycle (Ton)/(Ton+Toff) is essentially zero. Therefore, losses=Imax<2>(RL+Rs)+2 VfImax=(10 amp)<2>(0.25 ohm)+(2 volt)(10 amp), amounting to 45 watts loss. Output power=(Imax)*(Vmax)=(Imax)*(VDC)=(10 amp)(100 volts)=1000 watts. So, generator efficiency at maximum speed and maximum power is about 95% for this example of generator and integrated electronics parameters.

[0093]    At 500 rpm, Imax=(10 amp)/(4)=2.5 amps; and Vmax=(100 volts)*(0.5)=50 volts. So PWM duty-cycle=1⁄2. Average pulse power generated=(Imax)*(Vmax)=(Imax)*(VDC)/2=(2.5 amp)(50 volt)=125 watts. Losses to maintain inductor current=Imax<2>(RL+Rs+Ron)=(2.5 amp)<2>(0.26 ohm)=1.6 watts. Fly-back diode losses=2 Vf*Imax/2=(0.6 v)(2.5 amp)=1.5 watts. So total losses=3.1 watts. Therefore, mid-speed generator efficiency is about 97%.

[0094] At 100 rpm, Imax=(10 amp)/(100)=0.1 amp; and Vmax=(100 volts)/(10)=10-volts. So PWM duty-cycle= 9/10. Average pulse power generated=(Imax)*(Vmax)=(Imax)*(VDC)/10=(0.1 amp)(10 v)=1 watt. Losses to maintain stator and inductor current=Imax<2>(RL+Rs+2*Rdson)=(0.1 amp)<2>(0.27 ohm)=0.0027-watt. Fly-back diode losses=(2*Vf)*(Imax)/10=(0.6 v)(0.1 a)/5=0.012 watts. So total losses=0.015-watt. Thus, generator efficiency at low speed is about 98%.

    [0095]    Note that, although the generator according to the present invention is self-starting (so that it need not be connected to a power source, to begin power generation), the minimum speed of the above power and efficiency computation must be reached, before the signal processing electronics will function as required. Also, MOSFET gate driver under-voltage lockout should prevent PWM drive to Q1-Q4 in FIG. 1 until the minimum voltage of approximately 8-volts is reached. Moreover, a few watts is needed from the stator windings, rectified by D9-D12, which is used to supply Power Control Electronics 5.

    [0096]    At the lowest usable shaft speed of 100 rpm in the above representative example, the 10-volt peak stator voltage generated would be adequate for all signal processing and PWM drive electronics, so this generator would be self-starting when turbine speed reaches 100 rpm. However, with a few watts quiescent power for the Power Control Electronics, power supplied to the load at 100 rpm would be zero until wind speed increases to above 100 rpm.


Wattoutput from nominal 1000W generator with nominal 1000 RPM :

                                            variable speed diagram(m)  variable velocity diagram(m)
Motor with nominal 1000 W and nominal 1000 RPM ?


Behaviour comparison with f.e.  JNaudin push&pull



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https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=1&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20110804&CC=US&NR=2011187319A1&KC=A1#
Work it out,with e-paper to paper copy and with different colours pencils=priorities something new,unexpected ? Norm :abnorm ?!

https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/originalDocument?FT=D&date=20080812&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP&CC=US&NR=7411363B2&KC=B2&ND=4#
Description,recitation :

Efficiency=(100%)*(Mechanical power output)/(Electrical power input).
The present disclosure has evaluated numerous conventional motor-related circuits and identified new methods that realize power conservation that is approximately 150% to around 200% better than conventionally available motors.

electric motor/transformer physical -theoretical- efficiency  versus industrial -warranty safety limited - motor/transformer efficiency


F.e. as reference
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/searchResults?submitted=true&locale=en_EP&DB=EPODOC&ST=advanced&TI=&AB=&PN=&AP=&PR=&PD=&PA=&IN=fred+miekka&CPC=&IC=&Submit=Search




specific :           

    Increased power output is achieved by more completely utilizing the magnetic field of motor permanent magnets during running.

            https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=11&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20020425&CC=US&NR=2002047346A1&KC=A1#









https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=20010710&CC=US&NR=6259347B1&KC=B1#
The strips direct excess heat from within the interior to protrusions outside of the windings (and core) where forced air or thermally conductive potting compound extracts the heat. This technique provides for a significant reduction of weight and volume along with a substantial increase in the power density while operating at a modest elevated temperature above ambient.
2. Description of the Related Art

    The power rating of present-day electrical devices, such as power transformers and motors, is limited by heat accumulation due to resistive losses in the copper windings and, in the case of power transformers, to losses from eddy currents and hysteresis within the iron or ferrite cores. It is not generally recognized that the magnetic flux within a transformer core remains approximately constant when the power output is increased. It is therefore unnecessary to increase the amount of iron or ferrite core material to increase the size of the transformer core in order to deliver more power. The trapped heat produced by the windings while operating at high power is the major limiting factor for high power transformers.

    Different approaches have been attempted to try and remove heat from the core of power transformers. Some of these are the increasing of wire size to reduce resistive losses; immersion of the transformer in circulating coolant oil; air cooling of the transformer windings; increasing the operating frequency of the transformer to reduce windings; and increasing the thermal conductivity of the insulating potting compound around the transformer windings. All of these, however, impact on the mechanical size and weight of the transformer designs limiting the use of these applications. Without proper cooling the efficiency and reliability of these transformers and motors are considerably reduced.
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Experiment-Protocol/Report

Like Otto Sabljaric /Roberto TPU ECD "open source"-ing for peers review
https://docplayer.org/103574544-Tpu-ecd-energy-conversion-device-energkonverter-offenlegung-von-otto-sabljaric-roberto-notte.html

Only recommendation !

Sincere
OCWL

[Leely]

It's ok. It's just that some of us pass through the same tunnel at times to get the same thing.

[NdaClouDzzz]

Good. But if the efficiency the frequencies ran the heater elements could be used to run dc motors, tv etc, it would have been a great thing

A little off topic, but worth a look: https://youtu.be/uNYUu1VL1aM