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Overunity Machines Forum



New infos from George about Testatika theory

Started by hartiberlin, April 04, 2005, 08:34:42 PM

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hartiberlin

For your info from Gewo.

----- Original Message -----
From: "gewo" <gewo@applet.cz>

Sent: Thursday, March 17, 2005 5:11 AM
Subject: T-tica 3 - theory


*Plasma*
*When one or more of the outer (valence) electrons are stripped away
from an atom we say the atom has become "ionized".  It then exhibits a
net positive electrical charge, and is called a "positive ion". *

On the other hand, if an extra electron is added onto a neutral atom,
the combination then carries a net negative charge and is referred to as
a "negative ion".

*The electrical forces between dissimilar ions are orders of magnitude
stronger than any mechanical force such as that produced by gravity.  An
electrical "plasma" is a cloud of ions and electrons that, _under the
excitation of applied electrical and magnetic fields_, can sometimes
light up and behave in some unusual ways. *

The most familiar examples of electrical plasmas are the neon sign,
lightning, and the electric arc welding machine.
*The ionosphere of Earth is an example of a plasma that does not emit
visible light. *
Plasma permeates the space that contains our solar system. The cloud of
particles that constitutes the solar "wind" is a plasma.  Our entire
"Milky Way" galaxy consists mainly of plasma.  In fact 99% of the entire
universe is plasma!

*There are three distinctly different steady state modes in which a
plasma can operate:*

         *1. Dark Current Mode* - The strength of the electrical current
(flow of charged particles) within the plasma is very low. The plasma
does not glow. It is essentially invisible. We would not know a plasma
was there at all unless we measured its electrical activity with
sensitive instruments.  The present day magnetospheres of the planets
are examples of plasmas operating in the dark current mode.

*----------> und da sind wir...*

         *2. Normal Glow Mode* - The strength of the electrical current
(flow of charged particles) is significant.  The entire plasma glows.
The brightness of the glow depends on the intensity of the current in
the plasma. Examples: Any neon sign. Emission nebulae. The Sun's corona.

        ( 3. Arc Mode - The strength of the electrical current in the
plasma is very high.  The plasma radiates brilliantly over a wide
spectrum. Current tends to form twisting filaments. Examples of this
mode of operation are: An electric arc welding machine. Lightning. The
Sun's photosphere.)

    *In all three modes of operation, plasmas emit measurable
electromagnetic radiation (radio frequency noise).* At any given time,
the current density (Amps per square meter) existing in the plasma,
determines which particular mode a plasma is operating in.  *The atomic
structure of the gas that became ionized to form the plasma in the first
place also is a factor in this.*

*Double Layers*

One of the most important properties of any electrical plasma is its
*ability to "self-organize"* *- that is, to electrically isolate one
section of itself from another.* *The isolating wall is called a double
layer (DL). *When a plasma is studied in the lab, it is usually
contained in a closed cylindrical glass tube. Electrodes are inserted
into the ends of the tube - *one electrode (called the anode) is
maintained at a higher voltage than the electrode at the other end (the
cathode).* *If such a voltage difference is applied, then ionization
will be initiated and current will start to flow through the plasma.
Positive ions (atoms with one or more **electrons stripped off) will
migrate away from the anode, and negative ions (atoms carrying one or
more extra electrons) will move toward the anode.* * The mathematical
sum of these two oppositely directed flows constitutes the total current
in the plasma.*

*_If_ the voltage difference from one electrode to the other _becomes
large enough_*, a DL will form in a narrow cross-section somewhere in
the middle of the tube. Almost all the voltage drop that is applied
across the electrodes will fall across this DL. The plasma on one side
of the DL (the side toward the anode) will have approximately the same
voltage as the anode. The plasma on the cathode side of the DL will have
essentially the same voltage as the cathode.  *The two halves of the
plasma are then electrically isolated from one another by the DL. No
electrostatic force is felt by particles on one side of the DL due to
charges on the other side of the DL. * *The total electric current,
however, is the same throughout the plasma (on both sides of the DL).
_Plasmas are excellent conductors_ and, therefore, **there will not be a
significant voltage drop across them while they are carrying current -
thus _the need for the presence of the DL that "takes" most of any
externally applied voltage_.*  In other words, _the DL is where the
strongest electric fields in the plasma will be found._

*If a foreign object is inserted into a plasma, a DL _will_ form around
it, shielding it from the main plasma.*  This effect makes it difficult
to insert voltage sensing probes into a plasma in order to measure the
electric potential at a specific location.  This is a well known
property of plasmas.  Various methods have been developed in the
laboratory to overcome it.
---------------
So. Was haben wir zwischen unseren Disks? Wir haben eine Electrode, die
aus blanker Dielektrikumfl?che besteht, dann ein Luftspalt dann
Metallgitter-Elektroden auf n?chster dielektrischer Platte. In dem Spalt
zwischen *von aussen k?nstlich erregten Platten* entsteht HV und
anschliessend Plasma, in der Beschaffenheit zwischen mode 1 und 2. (Es
gibt da keine scharfe Abgrenzung was dies angeht.) Man sieht sie
leuchten und fliessen nur in der *Dunkelkammer*...
Was hier gegen?ber einer Gasentladungskammer ein Unterschied ausmacht
ist die Tatsache, dass wir hier eine "Wand" mit rotierenden Leitern
best?ckt haben.

Was passiert?
1/ Zwischen dem Rand und Mitte der Disks bildet sich auch ein Potenzial
- die Ionenstr?me in der Plasma fliessen hier nicht bloss direkt von
einer Seite zur anderen; sondern in einer Quasispirale auch *radial nach
aussen*, und glechzeitig in der N?he der Katode wieder zur?ck (Plasmas
are excellent conductors... oder?). Die freie Elektronen nehmen dabei
lieber den Weg aus der Spalte *durch die leitenden Lamelle auf der
Anode*. Jetzt haben wir da einen geschlossenen Kreis.

2/ In folge dessen gleichzeitig entsteht um die Stromleitenden
Metallamellen ein Magnetfeld, dass wiederum mit der Plasma kolidiert.
Fazit: Plasma, das *von natur aus ein Double layer bilden will,* ist
daran mit einem Magnetfeld dauernd GEHINDERT. Es entsteht permanentes
Ungleichgewicht, eine Nichtlinearit?t, die sie unbedingt beseitigen
will. Aber dazu braucht sie die Mittel! Woher soll sie die nehmen?
Selbstverst?ndlich aus der Umgebung!

O.K. Wie k?nnen wir diese Eigenschaften ausn?tzen?

3/ Falls wir die Abnahmetaster so plazieren, dass sie in den
Elektronenstream, der in der Plasma fliesst, eingetaucht sind, werden
sie sehr leicht aus dem Kreis "entwendet" und weiter geleitet, z.B. zum
Verbraucher. Gleichzeitig wird durch die "U"-formigen Taster eine neue
Ladung die sich auf den Aussenfl?chen sammelt und die Frichluft in die
Spalt geleitet. Die kontaktlose ?bertragung der Elektrone ist hier
*keine induktion*, sondern eine *Ausn?tzung der leitenden
"Plasmabr?cke"*. Den Molek?len der Luft wird dabei unter anderem auch
ihre Bewegungsenergie entnommen, die Mobilit?t sinkt - und das Luft wird
K?HLER! Deswegen sage ich, dass hier die thermische Energie der Luft in
elektrische Energie umgewandlet wird. Die Testa ?hnelt einer W?rmepumpe,
es ist ein *"M*olekulen *L*angsammachende" - Konverter... (?brigens eine
solche Beschreibung ist in Schweizerdeutsch nicht auszuschliessen...)

-----------------
*Der Start - oder wie Plasma entsteht und die eigentliche Rolle der
Elektronenkaskade*
(/ Sehr sch?n formuliert von *Patrick Flanagan*/ )

"Number one, we have this phenomenon whereby we found that *certain
insulators, and some insulators are more effective than others, if we
apply a high frequency,* (/or/) *high voltage*, (/or/) *alternating
field across an insulator that we produce this [J.Willard] Gibbs
phenomenon, this non-Maxwellian field, **which has a differential
polarization*,* that is, that it creates a polarity differential between
it and the environment such that neutral and charged air molecules are
accelerated at extremely high speed, not very low speed, but at very
high speed toward the emitter.* *As these molecules are accelerated they
collide with other molecules in the air and when this collision occurs
the electrons are knocked off the molecules, that is, free electrons are
knocked off the molecules and they in turn are accelerated by this field
and then collide with the other molecules causing a discharge of more
electrons and this is the origin of the basis of what we call the
electron cascade - we have an entire cascade of _electrons being
generated everywhere in the environment. _
*[Sic! "When one or more of the outer (valence) electrons are stripped
away from an atom we say the atom has become "ionized".  It then
exhibits a net positive electrical charge, and is called a "positive
ion"...  and: "*An electrical "plasma" is a cloud of ions and electrons
that, under the excitation of applied electrical and magnetic fields,
can sometimes light up and behave in some unusual ways.* --- Siehe oben...]_
_*Now its true that we have a greater, that is, higher velocity,
electrons being generated in the vicinity of the machine, however, so
that the air passing through the machine *(*we have a fan that brings
air through the machine*, [/wir haben eine glatte und andere Oberfl?che
"verunstaltet" mit den Elektroden!/] *through this emitter device),
although the air passing through the machine is exposed to very high
concentration of free electrons the machine is also creating free
electrons in space around the machine, that is, so that, it is affecting
air and purifying air in the environment."* ... Und gerade dies wird
durch unser schon diskutierten Mechanismus verhindert!

_*Keine einzige Influenzmaschine ist mit den Elektroden *__*asymetrisch
*__*best?ckt!*_ Nur diese, und dies aus sehr gutem Grund.

Also.
Die Aussenelektroden k?nnen aus Messing hergestellt werden, aber die
inneren m?ssen *UNBEDINGT *aus einem WEICHMAGNETIZIERBAREN Material, das
gleichzeitig ein sehr gute Leiter ist, hergestellt werden. (/"Ein
spezielles Material,"/ gem?ss Cathomen...)
Die Gestaltung und Plazierung des Innenelektrodensatzes sollte ganz
genau der Hintenseite von "Wolke-disk" entsprechen, damit sich in dem
Dielektrikum regelm?ssige Dom?nen bilden k?nnen. *Das Magnetfeld muss
sich erst durch den Stromdurchfluss bilden und aufrechthalten*, also
keine Dauermagnete.

So. Genug f?r heute.
Fragen?

Herzliche Gr?sse
George




Stefan Hartmann, Moderator of the overunity.com forum

Kysmett


Wicaksono

Dear Stefan, the translation is not complete :o, this is the interesting part :

So. Was haben wir zwischen unseren Disks? Wir haben eine Electrode, die
aus blanker Dielektrikumfl?che besteht, dann ein Luftspalt dann
Metallgitter-Elektroden auf n?chster dielektrischer Platte. In dem Spalt
zwischen *von aussen k?nstlich erregten Platten* entsteht HV und
anschliessend Plasma, in der Beschaffenheit zwischen mode 1 und 2. (Es
gibt da keine scharfe Abgrenzung was dies angeht.) Man sieht sie
leuchten und fliessen nur in der *Dunkelkammer*...
Was hier gegen?ber einer Gasentladungskammer ein Unterschied ausmacht
ist die Tatsache, dass wir hier eine "Wand" mit rotierenden Leitern
best?ckt haben.

Was passiert?
1/ Zwischen dem Rand und Mitte der Disks bildet sich auch ein Potenzial
- die Ionenstr?me in der Plasma fliessen hier nicht bloss direkt von
einer Seite zur anderen; sondern in einer Quasispirale auch *radial nach
aussen*, und glechzeitig in der N?he der Katode wieder zur?ck (Plasmas
are excellent conductors... oder?). Die freie Elektronen nehmen dabei
lieber den Weg aus der Spalte *durch die leitenden Lamelle auf der
Anode*. Jetzt haben wir da einen geschlossenen Kreis.

2/ In folge dessen gleichzeitig entsteht um die Stromleitenden
Metallamellen ein Magnetfeld, dass wiederum mit der Plasma kolidiert.
Fazit: Plasma, das *von natur aus ein Double layer bilden will,* ist
daran mit einem Magnetfeld dauernd GEHINDERT. Es entsteht permanentes
Ungleichgewicht, eine Nichtlinearit?t, die sie unbedingt beseitigen
will. Aber dazu braucht sie die Mittel! Woher soll sie die nehmen?
Selbstverst?ndlich aus der Umgebung!

O.K. Wie k?nnen wir diese Eigenschaften ausn?tzen?

3/ Falls wir die Abnahmetaster so plazieren, dass sie in den
Elektronenstream, der in der Plasma fliesst, eingetaucht sind, werden
sie sehr leicht aus dem Kreis "entwendet" und weiter geleitet, z.B. zum
Verbraucher. Gleichzeitig wird durch die "U"-formigen Taster eine neue
Ladung die sich auf den Aussenfl?chen sammelt und die Frichluft in die
Spalt geleitet. Die kontaktlose ?bertragung der Elektrone ist hier
*keine induktion*, sondern eine *Ausn?tzung der leitenden
"Plasmabr?cke"*. Den Molek?len der Luft wird dabei unter anderem auch
ihre Bewegungsenergie entnommen, die Mobilit?t sinkt - und das Luft wird
K?HLER! Deswegen sage ich, dass hier die thermische Energie der Luft in
elektrische Energie umgewandlet wird. Die Testa ?hnelt einer W?rmepumpe,
es ist ein *"M*olekulen *L*angsammachende" - Konverter... (?brigens eine
solche Beschreibung ist in Schweizerdeutsch nicht auszuschliessen...)

Please translate, thanks? ;D

Vorg

http://world.altavista.com/tr

So. What do we have between our disks? We have a Electrode, which consists of bright dielectric surface, then an air gap then metal grid electrodes on next dielectric plate. In the gap between * from the outside artificially excited plates * HV and afterwards plasma develop, in the condition between mode 1 and 2. (there is there no sharp demarcation which this concerns.) One sees shining it and flow only in * the darkroom *... which opposite a gas discharge chamber a difference constitutes here is the fact that we equipped a "wall" here with rotary leaders. What happens? 1 between the edge and center of the disks forms also a Potenzial - the ion stream in that plasma do not only flow here directly from a side to the other one; separate in a quasi-spiral also * radially outward *, and glechzeitig in the proximity of the Katode again back (plasma of acres excellent conductors... or?). The free electrons take thereby rather the way from the column * by the leading lamella on the anode *. now have we there a closed circle. 2 in follow its develops at the same time around the currentleading Metallamellen a magnetic field that again with that plasma kolidiert. Result: Plasma, which wants * from nature a double more layer to form, * is continuously PREVENTED from it with a magnetic field. Develops permanent imbalance, a non-linearity, which wants to absolutely eliminate it. But in addition it needs the means! From where is it to take those? Of course from the environment! O.k. How can we use these characteristics? 3 case we the acceptance tracers in such a way place that they dived into the Elektronenstream, which flows in that plasma, it very easily from the circle "are stolen" and further led, e.g. to the consumer. At the same time by the "U"-formigen tracers a new charge on the exterior surfaces collects itself and into the gap led the Frichluft. The contactless transmission of the Elektrone is here * no induction *, but one * utilization of the leading "plasma bridge" *. the molecules of air is inferred thereby among other things also their kinetic energy, which sinks mobility - and air becomes RADIATOR! Therefore legend I that the thermal energy of air is umgewandlet here into electricity. The Testa resembles a heat pump, it is * a "M*olekulen * L*angsammachende" - converters... (by the way such a description is in Swiss German not to exclude...)