Scalar Wave - Energy

[xee2]

@ BEP

I like experiments. Theories are often not correct. But, it is hard to argue with the results of an experiment. Put 3 capacitor is series and then put a DC voltage (any voltage) across the end leads of the series. Now measure the voltage across the center cap. It is zero volts (my meter reads a few millivolts because the leads are picking up stray fields, I do not live in a Faraday cage  ).

Do you know what frequency the spectrum analyzer was set at to pick up your birdie signal?

[BEP]

@ BEP

I like experiments. Theories are often not correct. But, it is hard to argue with the results of an experiment. Put 3 capacitor is series and then put a DC voltage (any voltage) across the end leads of the series. Now measure the voltage across the center cap. It is zero volts (my meter reads a few millivolts because the leads are picking up stray fields, I do not live in a Faraday cage  ).

I would expect that. Changes in charge level only happen on the leading and trailing edges of a pulse. 
Still, I cannot interpret the results as 'current flows at both ends, and not the middle, at the same time on a wire. It does if it has three capacitors or spark gaps in series in it. 

Do you know what frequency the spectrum analyzer was set at to pick up your birdie signal?

The spectrum analyzer hunted for signatures from D.C. to 1.2 gHz. It was looking for signals carried by the LEM signal. The LEM signal from the birdie covered the entire spectrum and was below the noise floor on there and any standard radio receiver circuit.

If you wish to know what frequency the two devices used I don't think you understand what an LEM 'wave' is. I'm not completely sure either but I'll share some characteristics.

LEM signals do not require an antenna.

A coil designed to produce an LEM signal will measure almost zero inductance and very high capacitance (even though the coil is a DC short circuit).

Provided you had a very advanced tube type receiver an experienced operator could detect certain types of these signals. (At the time at least, the solid state receivers weren't capable of detecting the signal - MOSFets could. TRUE Metal Oxide Substrate Fets could)

If attempting to locate the source you were wasting your time. The signal direction displays showed the signal source as all directions at the same time.
When the signal was used as a clock source or carried data bits it appeared to rotate on the direction displays.
The un-initiated dubbed them 'rotary pulse jammers'.

To the birdie point.... The signal transmitted was Brownian noise - covering a conventional spread from 100kHz to 3mHz.

Yes, I know. TEM signals cannot modulate lower frequency TEM signals.

[xee2]

@ BEP

The spectrum analyzer hunted for signatures from D.C. to 1.2 gHz. It was looking for A carried by the LEM signal. The LEM signal from the birdie covered the entire spectrum and was below the noise floor on there and any standard radio A circuit.

This sounds a bit like a spread spectrum signal. This was a classified technology in the 1960's but is now what is used for wi-fi and cell phones. But then again, maybe it was a scalar wave signal. Do you know what "LEM" stands for? Is this short for "longitudinal electromagnetic"?

Spread spectrum uses phase modulation and can modulate any frequency.

[BEP]

Do you know what "LEM" stands for? Is this short for "longitudinal electromagnetic"?

Correct, but it was normally either electric or magnetic, not both.

The signals I mentioned were not SS or frequency hoppers. Even a newb fresh from school could identify and locate those within seconds. LEM wasn't used for communication except when digital or Morse code. The pulses were the data. There was no carrier, sidebands, harmonics or signal unless you were equipped and trained to receive it. The closest attribute to wave length was the duration of a pulse.

The closest I've seen recently is the original specification for UWB (ultra wide-band).
All of that signal was below the noise floor as well. Unfortunately, even UWB has been redefined and done differently than original. BPL (bandwidth over power line) uses some LEM methodology but the engineers have mangled it into a monstrous source of electronic noise. I'm sure they just couldn't imagine it would work as it was designed.

[xee2]

@ BEP

Original SS was below noise floor and UWB. That was the idea, it could not be detected because it was hidden in the noise. But, if not that then this is very interesting problem. I will have to think about it for a while. Thanks for the many details.