Hi All,
I have opened this thread to discuss the Akula light No3 with dual TL494.
I have drawn a circuit based on what i saw in this movie from Wesley aka Stivep1
http://youtu.be/1BNgo09N0yM
I still need to add the values of the components, but if you like you can help out to.
Please dont add any other circuits from Akula in this thread as it might confuse things more, cause there are somany circuits out there that do not really match up, and i have made this as close as possible as to the origenal circuit in the movie.
Here is the youtube version of the circuit drawing that i made
http://youtu.be/7yJytHhudX8
I will add info on the coil later, but the coil is not hard to make, just a flyback ferrite with 3 coils, 7 turns, 12 turns, and 19 turns ( info will be added later )
For the component values we can compare other common TL494 circuits and see what we need.
If you have values that are for sure then you can add them to the drawing , so we all can fill in the blanks
Thnx!
Greets JB
Thanks John
You will notice the schematic I referenced came from someone who reverse engineered the board at the site you signed up for. The controls sequence position on your drawing agree exactly with the legend on the right of the schematic if flipped vertically.
I am working to fill in some of the component values on the right of your drawing, also am checking the layout.
Quote from: Vortex1 on May 08, 2014, 11:58:00 AM
Thanks John
You will notice the schematic I referenced came from someone who reverse engineered the board at the site you signed up for. The controls sequence position on your drawing agree exactly with the legend on the right of the schematic if flipped vertically.
Thnx Vortex,
I will try to make the left side of the circuit first, with same values used from that circuit you showed.
Once both TL494 work i will try to fix the mosfet drivers. If i dont have those parts i would have to order them, or i will use the MC34151 mosfet driver that i also in my ACMMJB circuit.
I will also compare the circuit with common tl494 circuits by using google images.
Once all is working correctly, thats when the search for ferro resonance starts
Akula also mentioned his principles are based on Trangenerator Andrei Melnichenko magnetic field
Greets JB
Just for comparisment, i added the pic you showed, so we atleast have some start values.
Greets JB
Made the first signal gen IC1
The components i used for that are
R3: 4.7k
R4: 2.2k
R5: 82 ohm
C4: 222 aka 22nf
R6: 150 ohm
VR1: 10k aka 103 - 1 turn pot
VR2: 20k aka 203 - multi turn pot
frequency data
Min Freq: 31.2kHz
Min DC: 6.3%
Max DC: 87.5%
Min PW: 2 uS
Max PW: 28 uS
Max Freq: 660kHz
Min DC: 4.1%
Max DC: 76.9%
Min PW: 62.5 nS
Max PW: 1.17 uS
Input power used 6.86v @ 0.05mA
The scope was connected at pin 9, cause i did not really get a good signal at the end of the 1n4148
Greets JB
Oops I meant to disturb your thread :)
Full Text (http://www.overunity.com/14378/akula0083-30-watt-self-running-generator/msg401786/#msg401786)
to get to just the guts of the work (like just the pistons of a internal combustion motor without worrrying about timing mechanisms like distrubtor caps)
I have completed the circuit, and is ready to be tested.
I will still test different mosfet drivers.
The pot in the center acts like a voltage limiter from 5v and up, when i go above 5v the 2e tl494 goes of, but if i turn the center pot then the 2tl494 goes on again but goes off by 6v etc etc.
The duty cycle of the 2e tl494 doesnt go higher then 37% and max frequency is about 336kHz but i will have to play with that some more.
The 1e tl494 acts like the oscilator, and the 2e as a solid state tesla or inverter circuit.
For mosfet driver i used the bc557b (tr1) transistor and the mosfet for now the irf3205
I have noticed that when 2 harmonics from both tl494 come close to each other they automaticly attract and melt together and turn into 1 big harmonic, its like a lock on when they come close together.
Sofare no noises from the core, and the led stays longer on when closing the switch but that is because the cap C1 helps out.
But the circuit is ready to be tested to the fullest, i have added resistor R9 ( 4.7k ) from vcc of the 2e tl494 and going to ground, and R8 ( 82 ) ohm comming from pin 16 going to ground.
Instead of the SF56 i used the HFA08TB60 cause i use that in my ACMMJB to capture extra energy going to my 2e ouput of my ACMMJB
Once all is working as i want it, i will solder everything to a pcb
I will also update the circuit drawing,
Thats it for now! :)
Greets JB
Quote from: d3x0r on May 09, 2014, 01:51:11 AM
Oops I meant to disturb your thread :)
Full Text (http://www.overunity.com/14378/akula0083-30-watt-self-running-generator/msg401786/#msg401786)
to get to just the guts of the work (like just the pistons of a internal combustion motor without worrrying about timing mechanisms like distrubtor caps)
Thnx Dexor!, Disturb anytime! :p
@JB,
Nice work! Keep us up to date on this I would be very interested!
All the Best
Chris
P.S: My circuit draws way too much current to be powered, I should say started from a 9 Volt Battery that's why I started to look at the series resonant ideas that are incorporated.
Hello All,
I hope this helps.
How I understand, can be modulation feroresonance, then posible put to transistor packs of pulses, duration betwen packs is standart transformatio and duration and frenquency of pulse is feroresonance frenquency.
Akula say, that burn many ferites, then long hold on feroresonance its. Burn means, probarly, that ferite lose important features. And say, that must be sinchronisation of two generators by first fronts, end fronts syncronise comparator. 50 ns if be diference, here is to much.
Akula advice make sinchronisation with triger, because triger lets you make synchronisation in range 40-50 nanoseconds. Without triger wery dificult sincronisate, if you try sinchronisate with inside comarators, that make be almost not possible, you stop in range 1 milisecond. Any triger lets you make sinchronisation in range 50 nanoseconds, then you not destroy feroresonance in that small divices.
Quote from: madsatbg on May 09, 2014, 06:41:19 AM
Hello All,
I hope this helps.
It sure will! Thnx Madsatbg!
Quote from: madsatbg on May 09, 2014, 06:41:19 AM
Hello All,
I hope this helps.
It's a big help, thanks.
The area I question (lower right just above the input capacitor) is right after and below the switch. I think that the power to the two coils (dots) comes from the land area right after the switch, and it is shown after the diode on Johns sketch of the layout.
This would conform to the revised schematic.
Finally getting some high voltage :)
when rectifieng i get 7,8v when bulb is connected without bulb OL on meter.
when hooking up directly to the coil voltage is 22.7v
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tOtGrWX9IU
i will do some more tests. only thing is that my scope shot looks like crap, must be some disturbance going back to the mosfet, what can i do about that?
Greets JB
Wow now i really appreciate my ACMMJB more after some tests with this Akula light.
cause i tried hooking up a motor on the output but it cant even make that spin with, and input goes up to 500mA @ 6v
with my ACMMJB i can run my dc motor with 270mA at 15.40v but input doesnt notice the dc motor.
something tels me its not voltage we are after, but we need to get the amps
but im not done yet ;)
Stage 1 ( ic1 ) works ok but on scope looks like shit
Stage 2 ( ic2 ) works ok, and again scope looks like shit.
im using 6v as a reference, and from there tuning to get best output results
then when i have the best sweet spots i will test both tl494 at once and find the sweet spot from that, and once i have that i will goto step 3 and try a better mosfet driver and see if that makes any difference.
and a good thing is, i touched the leads and no shock so it safe to test :) dont put the leads on yr tong :P ( i did not try that yet hahaha, and i wont hahaha )
anybody else having the circuit up and testing?
Greets JB
John, Exactly which circuit are you using or what schematic are you working from?
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 09, 2014, 04:23:52 PM
Finally getting some high voltage :)
when rectifieng i get 7,8v when bulb is connected without bulb OL on meter.
when hooking up directly to the coil voltage is 22.7v
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tOtGrWX9IU (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tOtGrWX9IU)
i will do some more tests. only thing is that my scope shot looks like crap, must be some disturbance going back to the mosfet, what can i do about that?
Greets JB
would help to know where your scope was...
Dally project (kapagen thing) used a tl494 as its base driver also...
from those expiraments,I find the best usage is to generate the shortest pulses that reach peek voltage a little and then drop off... this will be the lowest current draw; the lowest frequency that it can work at is also best, more ticks is more times current will flow.
If you have the duty cycle set to near 0.01% like... as you increase the frequency, you will have to lengthen the duty cycle to maintain ability to hit peek drive voltage
Quote from: Vortex1 on May 09, 2014, 06:20:04 PM
John, Exactly which circuit are you using or what schematic are you working from?
@Vortex,
Im using my circuit and using the components i showed in the image.
But nothing special sofare, till now circuit just acts as a cheap inverter circuit
Greets JB
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 09, 2014, 09:42:01 PM
@Vortex,
Im using my circuit and using the components i showed in the image.
But nothing special sofare, till now circuit just acts as a cheap inverter circuit
Greets JB
so fare when i connect my scope its directly at the output of the signal gen ( pin 10/9 from ic1, or only pin 10 from ic2 ), with min connected, but when i hook up the scope to output i only use 1 wire cause im afraid i might fry my scope ( max dc voltage is 5v input of my dso)
Greets JB
Quote from: d3x0r on May 09, 2014, 06:26:20 PM
would help to know where your scope was...
Dally project (kapagen thing) used a tl494 as its base driver also...
from those experiments,I find the best usage is to generate the shortest pulses that reach peek voltage a little and then drop off... this will be the lowest current draw; the lowest frequency that it can work at is also best, more ticks is more times current will flow.
If you have the duty cycle set to near 0.01% like... as you increase the frequency, you will have to lengthen the duty cycle to maintain ability to hit peek drive voltage
Sofare with both of my devices it depend on what pulse you use, the smallest might not mean that its the best, sometimes its in between, cause the amp on output changes, even when its small pulses
only funny thing is is that load affects the input, while normally it doesnt with my other device
but what i find interesting is that as soon as 2 harmonics come close to eachother they melt together automaticly even when tuned a little off, from there it takes over by itself.
all im checking now is the behavior of this device and comparing it to the behavior of my ACMMJB.
maybe of interest to someone, when i measure the ohms on 1 cm on the ferrite its about +-220ohms when under load, with no power the ohm is about 180ohm per cm on the ferrite
Nothing special, but just sharing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cd-aehFjV5I
btw i have to mention that the led is connected to the 19 turn on the ferrite, and the bulb is connected to the 12 turn on the ferrite
Greets JB
Quote from: madsatbg on May 09, 2014, 06:41:19 AM
Hello All,
I hope this helps.
Hi Madsatbg,
What app did you use to draw that circuit pcb?
Greets JB
In output this lantern of Akula is sine in sine he says.
On one transistor (probarly were low frenquency) is varistor, akula says that it needed then ajusting only, then ajust, then it can be removed. I now listening conferences with akula.
Hi JohnnBlade,
I use Sprint layout 5.0.
The original file have extension ".lay".
Software does not allow to attach the extension.
Give me your email, I will send him.
regards
Hi All,
I made some scope shots from the output of the ferrite core.
Could someone let me know which pic is the most relevant and why?
If you need more info let me know
Greets JB
I forgot to mention that the ringing pattern only happens when the input is at 4.91v @ 40mA, when i turn the input up to 5.41v @ 140mA the whole ringing goes away and turns into the second picture.
Greets JB
Here a shot of both signal gens together, its the same ringing but then the other way arround
1e frequency is 538.85kHz
2e frequency is 30.33kHz
Input is 4.34v @ 30mA
2e pic looks like a bo tie :) just showing probaly not relevant
Greets JB
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 10, 2014, 02:15:14 PM
Here a shot of both signal gens together, its the same ringing but then the other way arround
1e frequency is 538.85kHz
2e frequency is 30.33kHz
Input is 4.34v @ 30mA
2e pic looks like a bo tie :) just showing probaly not relevant
Greets JB
Haha ; nice shot of 'negative resistance'! beware.
It's actually 'resonant rise'...
the low frequency is squelching the buildup from the higher frequency... so you get to watch the beginning of resonance.... usually we only get to see the highest state ... when it gets to 'cruise altitude' sorta
but ... what are both frequencies? I kinda misread 1e and 2e to mean something about clock1 and clock2....
Quote from: d3x0r on May 10, 2014, 02:30:36 PM
Haha ; nice shot of 'negative resistance'! beware.
It's actually 'resonant rise'...
the low frequency is squelching the buildup from the higher frequency... so you get to watch the beginning of resonance.... usually we only get to see the highest state ... when it gets to 'cruise altitude' sorta
but ... what are both frequencies? I kinda misread 1e and 2e to mean something about clock1 and clock2....
IC1 on the circuit is set at 538.85kHz
the 2e IC2 is set at 30.33kHz
if that is what you mean ?
Greets JB
@ D3x0r
i just did a quick google search on this "negative resistance"
---
In most situations the circuit resistance will have a positive value. This means that is negative and the oscillation's amplitude declines exponentially as time passes. In effect, the circuit starts with an amount of energy stored in the inductance by the starting current, . As time passes this energy is dissipated by the resistor. The oscillation energy fades away and the resistor warms up. However, if we can arrange for the resistance to be zero, the initial current starts an oscillation whose amplitude remains unchanged as time passes. None of the oscillation energy is ever dissipated.
A negative resistance value means that is positive. This means the oscillation amplitude and energy grow exponentially with time. In practice, we can't ever obtain an oscillation whose energy grows larger without limit. Infinite powers and energies aren't accessible in the real world! Something always restricts the rate at which the system can 'create' oscillation power. Fairly obviously, this power must also come from somewhere!
http://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~www_pa/Scots_Guide/RadCom/part5/page1.html
----
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_resistance
so is this negative resistance any good for this Akula circuit?
greets JB
Negative resistance is a behavior, a transfer function, of a circuit that is powered externally. Negative resistance means that as the applied voltage increases the current decreases and as the applied voltage decreases, the current increases. In order to perform stably in oscillators, circuits that exhibit negative resistance are typically combined with limiter circuits. Once the amplitude builds up to a certain level, the limiter diverts energy non linearly to prevent the amplitude from building to the point that the circuits saturate. A classic example that uses the non linear resistance of an incandescent bulb is the Wein bridge oscillator.
Hi All,
I have redrawn the circuit, and its the current circuit that i am using right now.
If you dont have the parts, just use any parts that come close to them.
The ferrite is a tv flyback ferrite.
Its also the circuit that makes the reverse ringing pattern
Build the circuit and lets share some more, and hopefully go to the next step.
Movie of current circuit and scope shot
http://youtu.be/8_Bal_7F06s
Greets JB
Btw, if i connect the D6 diode the reverse ringing goes away
So first fix the circuit without that D6, the reverse ringing shows also when loading load to the output, but for simple sake dont hook up any load to the output of the ferrite, and first get the same ringing pattern to comfirm this circuit.
Thnx!
Greets JB
Quote from: MarkE on May 10, 2014, 08:09:14 PM
Negative resistance is a behavior, a transfer function, of a circuit that is powered externally. Negative resistance means that as the applied voltage increases the current decreases and as the applied voltage decreases, the current increases. In order to perform stably in oscillators, circuits that exhibit negative resistance are typically combined with limiter circuits. Once the amplitude builds up to a certain level, the limiter diverts energy non linearly to prevent the amplitude from building to the point that the circuits saturate. A classic example that uses the non linear resistance of an incandescent bulb is the Wein bridge oscillator.
This is right! Also, and importantly, one must take note of the Difference between Differential Negative Resistance and True Negative Resistance
Differential Negative Resistance: Current Never goes to or below Zero. Non Linear in its appearance.
True Negative Resistance: Current will go below Zero and theoretically can go well below Zero the more Current Drawn. Theorised to be Linear with Current Draw.
I did no see any signs of Negative Resistance in your scope shots.
Don't mix the two as they are quite obviously not the same and in fact not even similar! Its a confusing situation because most people, even scientists don't know the difference!
All the Best
Chris
It's not negative resistance; it looks like negative resistance.
It could be qualified as negative resistance because there is already an existing signal that is being reinforced.... I guess...
the beware was beware of people that are going to jump on that bandwagon, because that's not really an important feature.
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 10, 2014, 10:38:04 PM
Btw, if i connect the D6 diode the reverse ringing goes away
So first fix the circuit without that D6, the reverse ringing shows also when loading load to the output, but for simple sake dont hook up any load to the output of the ferrite, and first get the same ringing pattern to comfirm this circuit.
Thnx!
Greets JB
@JB,
The Ringing you are getting could be the natural ring down of the coil. Be careful not to confuse this with other effects. There are a few ways to check this and eliminate the Ring down of the coil, first, remove the core and check for the same oscillation. NOTE: It will likely be at a different frequency, as the LC, L being Inductance, and C the Coils Natural Distributed Capacitance, will have different values. The Effect will still be there under the same conditions.
EDIT: For clarity, I wanted to point out that the Natural Ring Down of the Coil is a little like the striking of a Bell, Hit it once and the Tone Vibrates on for a period of time....
A few other people on different threads have pointed this out and given the Natural Ring Down of the Coil many fancy names. Of course this is quite simply wrong.
All the Best
Chris
Hello JohnnBlade
transistors BC / p-n-p / , on picture "Image" are drawn wrong.
Emitter can not be connected on minus / ground /.
regards
Quote from: EMJunkie on May 10, 2014, 10:57:05 PM
This is right! Also, and importantly, one must take note of the Difference between Differential Negative Resistance and True Negative Resistance
Differential Negative Resistance: Current Never goes to or below Zero. Non Linear in its appearance.
True Negative Resistance: Current will go below Zero and theoretically can go well below Zero the more Current Drawn. Theorised to be Linear with Current Draw.
I did no see any signs of Negative Resistance in your scope shots.
Don't mix the two as they are quite obviously not the same and in fact not even similar! Its a confusing situation because most people, even scientists don't know the difference!
All the Best
Chris
I think you are referring to someone else's scope shots. I haven't posted any in this thread. 180 degrees phase shift yields the second form. A high Q network at its SRF can provide such a phase shift.
Quote from: MarkE on May 11, 2014, 07:38:06 AM
I think you are referring to someone else's scope shots. I haven't posted any in this thread. 180 degrees phase shift yields the second form. A high Q network at its SRF can provide such a phase shift.
Apologies MarkE, I was meaning JB's Scope Shots.
All the Best
Chris
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 10, 2014, 10:38:04 PM
Btw, if i connect the D6 diode the reverse ringing goes away
So first fix the circuit without that D6, the reverse ringing shows also when loading load to the output, but for simple sake dont hook up any load to the output of the ferrite, and first get the same ringing pattern to comfirm this circuit.
Thnx!
Greets JB
Congratulations on the reverse ringing, something interesting happening there. Yes D6 is circulating all the power in the 12T winding and diode and using it up. Note that the 7T winding has no flyback diode.
Quote from: madsatbg on May 11, 2014, 07:32:32 AM
Hello JohnnBlade
transistors BC / p-n-p / , on picture "Image" are drawn wrong.
Emitter can not be connected on minus / ground /.
regards
ya; should be npn; so the arrow on the leg is backwards?
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 10, 2014, 10:38:04 PM
Btw, if i connect the D6 diode the reverse ringing goes away
So first fix the circuit without that D6, the reverse ringing shows also when loading load to the output, but for simple sake dont hook up any load to the output of the ferrite, and first get the same ringing pattern to comfirm this circuit.
Thnx!
Greets JB
Remarkable job JB! Thanks for everything! Your efforts and results inspires us too! :)
Quote from: d3x0r on May 12, 2014, 01:14:44 AM
ya; should be npn; so the arrow on the leg is backwards?
No should remain pnp, just reverse C-E connections. This is a standard Miller clamp.
Also ground wire needed on source of lower FET.
Quote from: EMJunkie on May 10, 2014, 10:57:05 PM
This is right! Also, and importantly, one must take note of the Difference between Differential Negative Resistance and True Negative Resistance
Differential Negative Resistance: Current Never goes to or below Zero. Non Linear in its appearance.
True Negative Resistance: Current will go below Zero and theoretically can go well below Zero the more Current Drawn. Theorised to be Linear with Current Draw.
I did no see any signs of Negative Resistance in your scope shots.
Don't mix the two as they are quite obviously not the same and in fact not even similar! Its a confusing situation because most people, even scientists don't know the difference!
All the Best
Chris
You are right, cause i have done so many tests and all i can say is that this reverse ringing does not do anything special, besides looking good.
If i change the frequency of ic2 lower the reverse ringing only gets longer and longer, but nothing special.
It doesnt even help with boosting the circuit. Like i said this reverse ringing aint doing anything.
Only amps go a little bit down when connecting the feed back circuit.
But i will keep on trying different setups
Greets JB
Quote from: madsatbg on May 11, 2014, 07:32:32 AM
Hello JohnnBlade
transistors BC / p-n-p / , on picture "Image" are drawn wrong.
Emitter can not be connected on minus / ground /.
regards
Thnx for the correction, but i figured that yall would understand, i wanted to use LTSpice for drawing but i did not feel like cause i had to look for all components, so drawing it seemed faster.
Thnx,
Greets JB
Quote from: Jeg on May 12, 2014, 01:51:19 AM
Remarkable job JB! Thanks for everything! Your efforts and results inspires us too! :)
Thnx Jeg, glad i could help.
might it be of any use, i have opened a group chat for Akula's circuits in skype
skype:?chat&blob=ddLishBVfGeIRFTTffXXweoS257e_oIQwF5LhcXPblKQFlG6R-hTN_VuVwEWG2Nn7xnVNQ
just copy this link and paste it into any skype chat window and it will redirect you to the group chat
Greets JB
Hey JB,
How is the circuit going? Is it working as expected?
What characteristics does it exhibit?
Keen to join the Skype group.
Thanks
All the Best
Chris
I don't understand why spice does such strange things with inductors....
Threw together most of the TL494 circuit with just pulse generators as drivers for the mosfets ...
I added a huge farad cap which would be effective power used (eventually)...
L1 is the pickup inductor (red current through this coil)
L2 higher induction driver (blue current through this coil)
L3 lower induction driver (green current through this coil)
Purple; lower frequency driver(M1); cyan higher frequency driver (M2)
1) L1 only gets effective current after the pulses; really it should be a combination of the increasing current while the primaries are increasing...
2) current in L2 and L3 is backwards; and when I reverse L2 (picture2) It somehow kills the other coil's ability to conduct...
I don't understand if the coils are connected in the same direction... okay if I remove the inductor binding argument, they do go in the same direction... so because of mutual induction the it ends up forcing current backwards through M1.... why M1? that's on the higher inductor coil; would think it would have more influence on L3 than L3 has on L2....
Spice sim source (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uBEN-di4ZbPDWRIfHg6gtX6LQsabdVaZD5J9MGHJrXc)
You have to be very careful with the orientation of coils that are coupled thus making transformers using K elements.
Quote from: MarkE on May 14, 2014, 07:34:29 AM
You have to be very careful with the orientation of coils that are coupled thus making transformers using K elements.
Yes; I removed the coupling to make sure the currents were flowing the 'normal' direction so the dots are all correct (in non reversed) so enabling mosfets causes what I would expect for a current.... and coupling just one to the L1 pickup sort of causes a current in the right direction on that... but it's like there's infinite impedance to that current until L2/L3 have no current...
A small hint that no one mentioned it, is that the led arrays are used to lower the transformer output at a constant 12v for the main pwr supply. Measure your output and put as many arrays needed for making the right voltage input supply.
Quote from: d3x0r on May 14, 2014, 07:39:56 AM
Yes; I removed the coupling to make sure the currents were flowing the 'normal' direction so the dots are all correct (in non reversed) so enabling mosfets causes what I would expect for a current.... and coupling just one to the L1 pickup sort of causes a current in the right direction on that... but it's like there's infinite impedance to that current until L2/L3 have no current...
The way you have your voltage sources set up M2 turns on coincident with M1 every third M1 pulse. If L2 and L3 are wired for push-pull operation they will cancel flux when both M1 and M2 are on simultaneously. If they are wired for parallel operation, then there is nothing to limit the flyback voltage that will appear at the drains of M1 and M2.
Quote from: MarkE on May 14, 2014, 08:20:35 AM
The way you have your voltage sources set up M2 turns on coincident with M1 every third M1 pulse. If L2 and L3 are wired for push-pull operation they will cancel flux when both M1 and M2 are on simultaneously. If they are wired for parallel operation, then there is nothing to limit the flyback voltage that will appear at the drains of M1 and M2.
They are wired to be independantly driven by separate tl494; and it's my hypothesis that it should be coincident and 1 and 3x frequency or 1 in 3 hits coincident.
One would think that if both turned on together; barring insufficient voltage; that it would be essneitally the same as if they were connected in series and pulsed with a single source?
it's based off of JB's schematic....
Quote from: d3x0r on May 14, 2014, 08:46:18 AM
They are wired to be independantly driven by separate tl494; and it's my hypothesis that it should be coincident and 1 and 3x frequency or 1 in 3 hits coincident.
One would think that if both turned on together; barring insufficient voltage; that it would be essneitally the same as if they were connected in series and pulsed with a single source?
it's based off of JB's schematic....
I haven't gone through JB's schematic. What I can tell you is what I have: If M1 and M2 turn on simultaneously then as you show L2 and L3 the coupled flux cancels out reducing the effective inductance of each winding to 1/20th of what it is when just one or the other MOSFET turns on.
Quote from: MarkE on May 14, 2014, 09:06:48 AM
I haven't gone through JB's schematic. What I can tell you is what I have: If M1 and M2 turn on simultaneously then as you show L2 and L3 the coupled flux cancels out reducing the effective inductance of each winding to 1/20th of what it is when just one or the other MOSFET turns on.
Okay... but what's the difference... between 2 coils in series and 2 coils allowed to flow at the same time... on the same core?
There are differences. The L1 (pickup coil) is attached to a huge cap... becuase that's its purpose... to move from high potential to ground... the 3 diodes are just lower resistance and can be simplified
instead of pnp and postive bias I used mosfets and positive going clocks; the voltage sources between 0 and + and absolute for simulation purposes so there is no requirement for pulldown resistors etc.
(and maybe you're referrning to a wrong diagram... do you mean schametic 1 or schamtic 2 that the coils are mutually cancelling?)
or maybe... sharing a common source or being chained?
Edit:
google doc share of lt spice (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YX8FydVJg09AYgwKb_rsd0niiDFhk9L_aPH-kc_B5io) realized that's not the best way to share things; but I tried attaching a .asc as a forum attachment and it denied it... sorry it's so much work; but falstad doesn't support arbitrary inductor coupling
I added a power source with a enable for the first part of the run; so it's like apply battery, remove battery...
added some caps around L1 that allows a curent to flow in L1... don't know why the diodes kill any current....
When two coils are on the same core it forms a transformer. In this case it is sort of a good thing because otherwise there is nothing to clamp the drain voltage for each MOSFET when they turn off. But if both MOSFETs turn on at the same time each winding looks like a shorted secondary to the other winding. The effective inductance is reduced to 1/K the original.
Sure; but it's more like this...
re: why?
Lets start with just the 2 coils...
1) inductance is 50uH
2) inductance is 100uH
voltage increase is 1:1.414 (1:sqrt(2))
if simultaneously enabled, the inductive reactance is of 2 is 2 times that of 1... so the current should flow....
if there was 1amp ... 1/3A in 2 and 2/3A in 1 ...
so the current increase in 1 is greater than the current increase in 2... and because the resulting voltage is also higher than the source voltage, it is quite likely that coil 2
would flow backwards...
crazy.
Edit: L1 coils was backwards; it's normal forward induction was against the diodes... works a little better reversing L1
works better also if inductance of L2 and L3 are the same in the simulator...
Added some diodes so high voltage doesn't build up against the mosfet... well I had some other diodes that I removed too; did have diodes in pointed to the mosfet so the current would only flow the one direction; instead of leaking backwards through the mosfet in case of reverse induction....*shrug*
It looks like you got yourself straightened out with respect to the coil orientations.
I've run into another conundrum... (solved; skip to ----------- )
I extended the leadin time on M1/M2 clocks and extended the charge time, to no effect.
first; M3 is enabled to conduct, which drops 4KA (no resistances) instantaneously to charge the power rail to a little more than 16 volts (the voltage enable is at 20V so whatever the mosfet threshold is subtracted from that is the total voltage)
at 100us M3 is disabled, but instantly voltage built up against the M1/M2 mosfets disappears (V(M1Source),V(M2Source)... but I can't find where it goes; there should be an equivalent current at that point for that slope of voltage change that would be KA; but it's nowhere... It doesn't go through the load (I(load)); it doesn't go through any of the diodes... it doesn't go through the source of M1 or M2; during the initial charge, there should be a current in the coils; but none shows...
L1 can only be interacted with by induction
zooming into the start... okay so M1 and M2 start conducting, because I drop the power rail below 0; had to adjust clocks to cover negative voltage on the gate...
The operation of this isn't quite what I thought to begin with; because I thought you could mix 2 currents (you can with matched inductances; but it's still only 1/2 through each but anyway)
In this case; M2(L3) is pulsed at a higher frequency (TL494 with both output tied together)... this really pulses L1 which draws current from the power to the ground...
M1(L2) is a lower frequency; it ends up having something like a DC bias that's actually a fairly high current which should be increasing voltage on the power rail (it doesn't)
------------------
when M1(L2) conducts; it results in a bias that causes a diminishing DC(ish) flow...
power rail and lowrail move up and down together; but their delta is always about the same... over time of course the overall power bleeds to nothing....
so; I don't know where the scheme can be improved...
this is L3:12uH, L2:50uH (1:4, double windings, 7 and 13 for instance) and L1 200uH (another 1:4, double windings again to ... 26 windings)... L1 might be more like 100 since it's only (19 windings?) )
There's not a lot of 'free' capacitance for resonances...
You should not have the collapses that you see. I suspect a crossed connection that is not apparent in the schematic. Disconnect MF2 and see if the circuit operates reasonably. Then reconnect MF2 and disconnect MF1 and do the same thing.
I have redrawn the schematic here. He only has a clamp diode on the MF2 drain, even though he should have one on both drains. If your goal is to model what JB built then I would start with his schematic.
He's using 1N4007s where their long reverse recovery are going to cause problems: D3, D4, D5. The rig in his video looks like it has a lot of undesirable stray inductance that is good for blowing up MOSFETs. Q1 and Q2 in the schematic are damn it alls as shown. I have reversed the emitter and collector connections so that they will do something useful. I don't know how his board is wired up. With Q1 and Q2 wired as in his schematic, MF1 and MF2 turn off much more slowly than as I have drawn them. Turning M1 off really fast without protecting it with a clamp diode is a risky affair. I recommend adding a HFA08TB60 from MF1 drain to V+ the way that D6 is connected to MF2.
well; I isolated ground behind a diode; so my 'lowrail' can go below 0... the last picture I posted - other than the sliding power/low rails, looks pretty good....
(references with regards to MarkE's schematic (http://www.overunity.com/14610/akula0083-light-no3-dual-tl494/msg402537/#msg402537) )With coils in the right directions, they don't cause ... actually before I finished that, I did check; Q1 doesn't get a very high low charge; so the mosfet body-diode effect is probably sufficient... Q2 source gets huge spikes of both high and low voltage. Since the coil on Q1 is the least inductance; if it gets driven it's a stepdown from the voltage driving it... Although not a horrible idea to include high current diodes to shunt negative flows from the mosfets.
I was most interested in the characteristics of the inductor portion of this...
On this other thread http://www.overunity.com/6763/energy-amplification/msg402534/#msg402534
someone posted about bearden's step-charge caps... http://jnaudin.free.fr/html/tbfrenrg.htm
It strikes me that the intent of the high frequency clock is to step charge the cap so when the low frequency hits it has ample charge to dump, and drive 19T coil to get the real power; (to build most momentum)
Both 7T and 12T coil drive 19T coil in the same direction; but moreover, when 12T coil is energized, it's collapsing (forward emf) is a large draw on positive potential points; and the circuit could benefit from a diode similar to D6 on 12T coil being added to the 7T coil to power.
so revised hypothesis on timing:
So low frequency driver should drive near to saturation for a length of pulse...
and the high frequency driver should be ... as short and rapid as possible... although lots of cycles causes lots of power usage....
... although the high frequency probably shouldn't be less than the pulse width of the low frequency driver... do not want these to collide... because they do not have an additive property.
; might replace power sources with TL494 blocks just to have a complete model; already have series capacitance and resistance on coils... still using ideal diodes...
Quote from: d3x0r on May 15, 2014, 06:56:49 AM
well; I isolated ground behind a diode; so my 'lowrail' can go below 0... the last picture I posted - other than the sliding power/low rails, looks pretty good....
(references with regards to MarkE's schematic (http://www.overunity.com/14610/akula0083-light-no3-dual-tl494/msg402537/#msg402537) )With coils in the right directions, they don't cause ... actually before I finished that, I did check; Q1 doesn't get a very high low charge; so the mosfet body-diode effect is probably sufficient... Q2 source gets huge spikes of both high and low voltage. Since the coil on Q1 is the least inductance; if it gets driven it's a stepdown from the voltage driving it... Although not a horrible idea to include high current diodes to shunt negative flows from the mosfets.
I was most interested in the characteristics of the inductor portion of this...
On this other thread http://www.overunity.com/6763/energy-amplification/msg402534/#msg402534
someone posted about bearden's step-charge caps... http://jnaudin.free.fr/html/tbfrenrg.htm
It strikes me that the intent of the high frequency clock is to step charge the cap so when the low frequency hits it has ample charge to dump, and drive 19T coil to get the real power; (to build most momentum)
Both 7T and 12T coil drive 19T coil in the same direction; but moreover, when 12T coil is energized, it's collapsing (forward emf) is a large draw on positive potential points; and the circuit could benefit from a diode similar to D6 on 12T coil being added to the 7T coil to power.
so revised hypothesis on timing:
So low frequency driver should drive near to saturation for a length of pulse...
and the high frequency driver should be ... as short and rapid as possible... although lots of cycles causes lots of power usage....
... although the high frequency probably shouldn't be less than the pulse width of the low frequency driver... do not want these to collide... because they do not have an additive property.
; might replace power sources with TL494 blocks just to have a complete model; already have series capacitance and resistance on coils... still using ideal diodes...
The diode D1 in your simulation kind of scotches things when you make your measurements relative to Node 0. I would get rid of that.
I went through the exercise of drawing out the circuit so that I could see how the TL494s are being used. Assuming that the inductor orientations are correct, then huge currents flow through the 19T coil when either MOSFET turns on. I have updated the schematic with what I think is required.
Anyone have the pcb?
Quote from: alejandroguille on May 15, 2014, 09:23:48 PM
Anyone have the pcb?
I don't. Akula hand wired his prototype. I think that JB reverse engineered from photos of the prototype and or correspondence with Akula.
Quote from: alejandroguille on May 15, 2014, 09:23:48 PM
Anyone have the pcb?
I threw together a PCB design using the free tool express pcb. www.expresspcb.com. You can use this as a guide for a layout that you will etch yourself, or order boards from express pcb. I replaced D3 - D5 with a second high speed diode. I also added C6 - C10, more 0.1uF capacitors to decouple the stray inductances. The switch connection is through TB5. The flyback transformer connects through TB2 - TB4 left to right. The dot orientation of the windings is marked in the silkscreen. The power input is through TB1.
ETA: I found a mistake in the artwork. TB5 pin 2 was shorted to the ground plane. The fixed artwork is attached along with the updated schematic with the changes above.
Quote from: MarkE on May 16, 2014, 02:46:57 AM
I threw together a PCB design using the free tool express pcb. www.expresspcb.com. You can use this as a guide for a layout that you will etch yourself, or order boards from express pcb. I replaced D3 - D5 with a second high speed diode. I also added C6 - C10, more 0.1uF capacitors to decouple the stray inductances. The switch connection is through TB5. The flyback transformer connects through TB2 - TB4 left to right. The dot orientation of the windings is marked in the silkscreen. The power input is through TB1.
ETA: I found a mistake in the artwork. TB5 pin 2 was shorted to the ground plane. The fixed artwork is attached along with the updated schematic with the changes above.
Thank you very much for answering!!!
and thanks for posting your updates so we saved time assemble.
in my tests i have seen that the IRF540n mosfets are better to use.
Greets JB
Quote from: MarkE on May 15, 2014, 06:23:16 AM
You should not have the collapses that you see. I suspect a crossed connection that is not apparent in the schematic. Disconnect MF2 and see if the circuit operates reasonably. Then reconnect MF2 and disconnect MF1 and do the same thing.
I have redrawn the schematic here. He only has a clamp diode on the MF2 drain, even though he should have one on both drains. If your goal is to model what JB built then I would start with his schematic.
He's using 1N4007s where their long reverse recovery are going to cause problems: D3, D4, D5. The rig in his video looks like it has a lot of undesirable stray inductance that is good for blowing up MOSFETs. Q1 and Q2 in the schematic are damn it alls as shown. I have reversed the emitter and collector connections so that they will do something useful. I don't know how his board is wired up. With Q1 and Q2 wired as in his schematic, MF1 and MF2 turn off much more slowly than as I have drawn them. Turning M1 off really fast without protecting it with a clamp diode is a risky affair. I recommend adding a HFA08TB60 from MF1 drain to V+ the way that D6 is connected to MF2.
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 16, 2014, 10:29:31 AM
in my tests i have seen that the IRF540n mosfets are better to use.
Greets JB
They have lower gate charge than the IRF3205's so that is the probable reason.
Did you wire the two PNP transistors as shown in your schematic with the collectors connected to the MOSFET gates, or as I have drawn them with the emitters tied to the MOSFET gates and the collectors connected to the circuit common?
Correct, the collector goes to the gate of the mosfets.
Greets JB
Quote from: MarkE on May 16, 2014, 10:56:18 AM
They have lower gate charge than the IRF3205's so that is the probable reason.
Did you wire the two PNP transistors as shown in your schematic with the collectors connected to the MOSFET gates, or as I have drawn them with the emitters tied to the MOSFET gates and the collectors connected to the circuit common?
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 16, 2014, 11:35:08 AM
Correct, the collector goes to the gate of the mosfets.
Greets JB
Are you sure? If the emitters go to the MOSFET gates, then they are emitter followers that turn the MOSFETs off much faster than the 100 Ohm and 180 Ohm gate to common resistors would by themselves. With the emitters on the circuit common, the base voltage being always a positive value, and the transistors being PNPs, the base emitter junction never forward biases.
Dexor, please built the circuit and then compare with yr sims.
im saying it cause yr sims never knew how to handle real life proximity feeling that are introduced into the circuit, unless you know how to sim that
nice work though
Greets JB
Quote from: d3x0r on May 14, 2014, 01:07:01 AM
I don't understand why spice does such strange things with inductors....
Threw together most of the TL494 circuit with just pulse generators as drivers for the mosfets ...
I added a huge farad cap which would be effective power used (eventually)...
L1 is the pickup inductor (red current through this coil)
L2 higher induction driver (blue current through this coil)
L3 lower induction driver (green current through this coil)
Purple; lower frequency driver(M1); cyan higher frequency driver (M2)
1) L1 only gets effective current after the pulses; really it should be a combination of the increasing current while the primaries are increasing...
2) current in L2 and L3 is backwards; and when I reverse L2 (picture2) It somehow kills the other coil's ability to conduct...
I don't understand if the coils are connected in the same direction... okay if I remove the inductor binding argument, they do go in the same direction... so because of mutual induction the it ends up forcing current backwards through M1.... why M1? that's on the higher inductor coil; would think it would have more influence on L3 than L3 has on L2....
Spice sim source (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uBEN-di4ZbPDWRIfHg6gtX6LQsabdVaZD5J9MGHJrXc)
Quote from: JohnnBlade on May 16, 2014, 09:25:04 PM
Dexor, please built the circuit and then compare with yr sims.
im saying it cause yr sims never knew how to handle real life proximity feeling that are introduced into the circuit, unless you know how to sim that
nice work though
Greets JB
Ya; I did revise my theory from the 1:3x frequency idea given the sim
---
so revised hypothesis on timing:
Low frequency driver should maybe drive near to saturation for a length of pulse...and the high frequency driver should be ... as short and rapid as possible... although lots of cycles causes lots of usage.......
although the time of high frequency pulses probably shouldn't be less than the pulse width of the low frequency driver... do not want these to collide... because they do not have an additive property.----
I found that other than specifics like frequencies that the RL circuit resembles the sim; I dunno maybe this weekend; I'm not having much luck with the 3V flashlight.... I did have about 30V of LEDs lit at about 10mA brightness on 3.4V and 0.04A... but I can't get back there
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cz-i8JoY8nU&feature=gp-n-y
my replica-NOT WORKING
does anyone made some working replica??
Here is now his new circuit Number 4.
He will bring this with him to Germany soon.
So I hope I can have a look at it.
http://youtu.be/DnuXqnTlJNM
Regards, Stefan.
Quote from: eugene900 on May 22, 2014, 05:28:34 AM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cz-i8JoY8nU&feature=gp-n-y
my replica-NOT WORKING
does anyone made some working replica??
Anyone ...
Hi alejandroguille,
Well, until now, our OU forum, and realstrannik.ru have some members attempt to test the free energy device-Akula is not successful outcome! . . :( :( :(
Quote from: hartiberlin on June 01, 2014, 07:36:15 PM
Here is now his new circuit Number 4.
He will bring this with him to Germany soon.
So I hope I can have a look at it.
http://youtu.be/DnuXqnTlJNM
Regards, Stefan.
Very good video. Is from him available drawing somewhere?
what is the blue part or FNR109, can anyone explane it? How can we find it? What is the equivalent part of blue part (or FNR109) ?? please see the attached picture.
Quote from: electroon on March 26, 2015, 04:31:30 AM
what is the blue part or FNR109, can anyone explane it? How can we find it? What is the equivalent part of blue part (or FNR109) ?? please see the attached picture.
It looks like a MOV used to protect the IRF510 from overvoltage. A search turns up discussion of that part on the Overunity Research forum about a year ago. Transistors that turn off quickly can be damaged or destroyed by the inductive kick back of stray inductance in the wiring, and/or slow turn-on of the alternate current path, such as through a diode. Snubber R-C networks, TVS devices and such are commonly used to limit the voltage of the inductive kick back. Good layout or wiring practice is often all that is needed. If you do use a MOV or other TVS device, it will only be as effective as its ability to redirect current around the MOSFET. That means that the TVS device should be right across the drain and source leads as close to the body of the MOSFET as possible.
Quote from: hartiberlin on June 01, 2014, 07:36:15 PM
Here is now his new circuit Number 4.
He will bring this with him to Germany soon.
So I hope I can have a look at it.
http://youtu.be/DnuXqnTlJNM
Regards, Stefan.
I replicated this circuit and (what a surprise) Not Working ::)
dear Russian friends, please help!
how can I succeed on that circuit??
Is this same as akula's concept? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYN0mgBq2gk
if nobody else can replicate this then is concept same as acula device :P
Quote from: eugene900 on May 22, 2014, 05:28:34 AM
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cz-i8JoY8nU&feature=gp-n-y
my replica-NOT WORKING
does anyone made some working replica??
Hello everyone, this is my small contribution to this issue, I found interesting results with simulation, but in real life, I could not replicate the circuit that you raise, definitely an oscilloscope and a signal generator is needed for testing .
Have any of you had success with this proposed circuit here?
(Hablo español)
Green Lantern
https://youtu.be/Sg5N-gq69bg
http://realstrannik.com/forum/svobodnaya-energiya/446-zeljonyj-fonar.html
http://realstrannik.com/media/kunena/attachments/351/GRLATRN.png
http://realstrannik.com/media/kunena/attachments/351/GreenLantern2.jpg
http://realstrannik.com/media/kunena/attachments/351/GreenLantern3.jpg
Quote from: rigelorion on July 31, 2015, 11:46:46 AM
Hello everyone, this is my small contribution to this issue, I found interesting results with simulation, but in real life, I could not replicate the circuit that you raise, definitely an oscilloscope and a signal generator is needed for testing .
Have any of you had success with this proposed circuit here?
(Hablo español)
What interesting simulation efect you are talking about .?
Btw my replica of circuit is not working.
Dear fellow blind replicators,
Welcome to year 2016.
No offends intended but straight to the point since everyone before me failed in understanding what the original or reverse engineered Akula circuit is actually doing which looks simple for anyone to see and laugh at.
One fine evening during month of December i took a look at the Akula 0083 Dual TL494 for the first time.Since i got no plans ordering random electronics parts during holiday season for other projects. :D
Since i was researching into BEMF recovery i was amazed at what the circuit was trying to do at a glance as you folks once did.
Further research into this simple looking circuit revealed the pot leading to pin 1 of TL494 was actually connected to positive rail.Below 5volts at pin 1 that PWM generator turn on.
But but did anyone once find out that pot was connected to positive rail and the narrow square wave form from other I/C was actually creating spikes in the positive rail via the diode SF56 used for Back EMF recovery.
This spike is now causing the PWM i/c which keeps getting triggered.This TL494 with 3 pot i/c now produce series of interrupter pulse similar to a waveform of a tesla coil circuit.
The output is a trumpet waveform at the flyback core .Heard me right a trumpet waveform once the frequency is high enough.
Lastly i think all of you failed to look into.By merely looking at how twisted the electrical cable looked for the first time like said.
I had very strong suspicion that Akula used drill to twist all the 3 sizes of electrical wire(Longest winding i'm using 2.5mm sq,1.5mm sq for the top layer which is half way winded.Both wires Multi strand.But for output i got insufficient info for the thin 1mm wire.I can't tell if it's solid or stranded.I'm merely using solid version for now)
To twist electrical wire simply tie one end of electrical wire connect it to a bench wise and the other end of wire to a battery operated drill.
I think the twisting action is intentionally done for these electrical wires to increase the skin effect/surface area somehow.
(Now i can't tell if Akula did the same for the kapandze winding. :D :D :D .But do take note)
I am too lazy to show a video base on a original circuit which is already available in this forum.
The key transistor used IRF540 for interrupter circuit with 3 pots and IRF530 for the Low frequency i/c.
But my version i'm just using 1 i/c 74HC132 to demo the circuit since i do not have a suitable pnp transistor to properly drive the mosfet original TL494 circuit at this moment.
The waveform is attached and the current reading to show 0.00 but it is actually hovering around 10mA at 7.50volts.The voltage across leds/pwm circuit is nearly 11volts as obtain from the diode used for BEMF recovery.
This is the latest discovery base on experiment conducted only yesterday.
The only thing missing is the IRF530 which is not used yet for the pulse generation base on current setup.This once implemented will act as a important kicker pulse on top of the trumpet waveform.
Design is being improved as i type since none of this circuit is stored in my "online" computer.It is also created in my head a mini logic lab. :D :D :D
I will not waste my very valuable time in answering question base on answers which was already pasted in this forum before me in this topic.
Yes i am building up my personal credential for my future if there is no WWIII. 8)
This might the only update from me for this topic.It might also depend on how competent you folks are. :-X
Quote from: magpwr on January 06, 2016, 08:39:11 AM
The waveform is attached and the current reading to show 0.00 but it is actually hovering around 10mA at 7.50volts.The voltage across leds/pwm circuit is nearly 11volts as obtain from the diode used for BEMF recovery.
Does this tell you why Akula took the trouble to post this device as a self-runner?
Quote from: Hoppy on January 07, 2016, 07:19:40 AM
Does this tell you why Akula took the trouble to post this device as a self-runner?
hi hoppy,
Good question indeed.If I put myself in Akula shoes and put this simple looking circuit for the world knowing that this will create some sort of amusement for him to translate and laugh at.
Maybe it's a Russian version of a sick joke as what many members have already got accustom to over the years. :D
I think for him the rest of the world eg:American and everyone else is stupid.
Maybe he didn't knew there are people out there in this world whom do reverse engineering like some form of Dark Art just for seer fun and etc. ;)
But i can bet none before me knew that Akula was using the positive rail to transmit the spikes to cause the trigger.
Yes i am amused as well on how upon running 2 PWM generator on it's own with no relationship to each other at first.
The waveform just look ridiculous base on former understanding as everyone did until i discovered it just by seer luck or accident maybe."Luck"
That simple looking circuit must have fooled thousands especially those whom are very familiar with electronics or into designing circuit.
Ok i think i will not spoil the fun by revealing anything more since i have open a innocent looking pandora box for public. :'(
I am already lacking time\energy to experiment after typing.It's late now...f.
-----------------------------------
But do look out for other variation of Akula circuit which the TL494 is present.......No time to take a quick glance yet. 8)
Hi Magpwr,
Thanks for your reply and I agree with your conclusion. If he really has to continue this nonsense, I hope he ditches the silly little faked LED self-runners and returns to entertain us with some more sophisticated KW power fakes.
I don't watch Akula video's they are boring.. for real entertainment watch Gerard Morin's video's.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHfgfTeGyG0 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHfgfTeGyG0)
My faforite
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ydvic9aG5BE (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ydvic9aG5BE)
;D
More "black strip" mosfets from International Rectifier Corp: