Hi everyone good day !
i'm currently in need of a chemical named RADIUM OR RADIUM CHLORIDE is there anyone there know how to find it?
or like for example if i go to hardware store, what material that has a radium chemical?
or where can we get a source for it?
please help me i need it badly!
thank you in advance God bless
otits
Hi Otits
I'm not an expert on this matter but the name brought back a memory of seeing described somewhere and it was from it's use in the old clocks or watches that were self luminous, I guess it depends on how much quantity you're looking for but you could scratch it off old clocks. I also remember religious statues made of plastic in the 1960's that used to glow in the dark which had this in them.
I confirmed this by looking it up at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radium
Hope that helps.
Edit: Disregard the luminous statues statement above as they probably used something else. Also, the luminous dials of clocks containing the Radium were discontinued "Radium was still used in dials as late as the 1950s." so you'd have to get some really old antique ones to be sure.
The Radium material is dangerous which is why it isn't used anymore so please use caution.
Regards,
Paul
I think that certain smoke alarms contain something radioactive which may or may not be useful.
It may be Americium-241. Does that get you anywhere?
@ Paul and Paul R
Thank you very much for the info
i read this one why i become interested in radium, i have a suspect that sm made use of it.
God Bless
otits
It requires a license. In order to get the license you have to put up a bond or show financial means to properly dispose of it. A local college might let you perform an experiment but I doubt it.
Quote from: IotaYodi on March 24, 2009, 01:11:10 PM
It requires a license. In order to get the license you have to put up a bond or show financial means to properly dispose of it. A local college might let you perform an experiment but I doubt it.
A local college my let you do your experiment, while they record the results..report you to the authorities as having acted strange, while turning around and patenting anything you may have discovered.
Radium is a controlled substance and you will not get it anywhere in North America as a private individual, especially not after the 9/11 event, and even before it never the less.
Unless you are "lucky" to live in some other (normal) country not engulfed with paranoia or the "terror" threat levels, then you might be able to source minute quantities even through normal channels.
Americium in the smoke detector is an Alpha source and I somehow doubt that's what he needs, thus the need for Radium.
Just my 2c. :)
What use is there for radium - personally at that?
@ Tito L. Oracion,
I don't know if they are still using it these days but the best source of radium in the old days was from a radiologist or someone working in the radiology department of a hospital. Radiologists used radium needles in the treatment of some cancers as well as radioactive salts. I am not certain if they still do.
It'll have to be done on the quiet of course but there is always a way.
Americium is a poor substitute, for a start there is only 0.2 micrograms in your average smoke detector and at that level you only get alpha radiation, so weak it can't penetrate glass or even a sheet of paper. You need gram quantities to get gamma rays. Critical mass is, from memory, 60 kg. That is why they don't use it for bombs.
Hope this helps
Hans von Lieven
You can buy Thorated Tungsten welding rods at a local welding supply shop.
They contain Thorium 232 which decays to Radium 228.
Check it out at the following link.
http://www.matpack.de/Info/Nuclear/Nuclids/T/Th232.html
Quote from link:
{{
# Half life: 1.405E10 Y ( 0.4270 % )
# Mode of decay: Alpha to Ra-228
* Decay energy: 4.083 MeV
}}
You may find the following diagram of interest.
@ hans and Abba
thank you very very much sir! ;D
God bless
otits
Otits,
if you really want radium, you may be able to buy old watch-dials (the "hands" on the watch)
via E-bay. Sometimes there is still someone who has a box of old Radium-painted
luminescent watch-dials siting in storage in the attic. (don't ask me where they got them,
perhaps grandpa had some in his garage or something ;))
I know this might work because a friend of mine actually managed to get hold of some
that way.
Mind you, official production of Radium and Radium-products was stopped in Western
countries in roughly the 1960s, after it was found to be carcinogenic. (gives you cancer)
Perhaps production was continued for some time in non-western countries, but my
Russian is as bad as my Chinese so I can't be sure. ;)
If you "only" want some form of radioactive material for use in experiments, then I am
not sure if Radium is the thing to go for.
There are a great many radioactive isotopes out there. Most are controlled as in cannot
be bought unless you are a military or academic official with a research license.
Some companies, especially in the USA, sell tiny quantities of radioactive isotopes
for educational purposes, but most are sealed in big acrylic blocks for safety reasons.
You could try united nuclear (www.unitednuclear.com). Obviously they do not ship such
materials out of the country.
Another way to obtain samples of radioactive ores would be to go out and collect them.
Buy a good quality Geiger counter that can detect the type of radiation you want
(alpha, beta, gamma), wrap some lead foil around your underwear, and go out on a
wilderness hike in a region known to have mineral deposits of ores and elements that
are often found in the company of the specific radioactive element you want.
Then just collect the rocks that your Geiger counter starts barking at.
Pack them in a lead lined box and take them home, and there you have your radioactive
rocks to experiment with. Be very carefull not to inhale their dust by the way.
The Geiger teller can be quite expensive and it may not be worth your wile to do this
if you don't live near a region with such minerals.
If you happen to live in Canada, Canada produced roughly 30% of the worlds Uranium
ore production for 2005, so if you live anywhere near those mines you should be able
to find some uranium ore or uraninite if you hunt for it woth a Geiger teller. There is said
to be more than 40 times more Uranium in the earth than Silver, so it should not be too hard to find.
One radioactive material that is relatively easily obtained is Tritium, the heavier
brother of Hydrogen and Deuterium. Tritium is a beta-radioactive gas, meaning that it
emits beta particles (aka fast electrons) as it decays.
Several companies around the world sell Tritium-filled "Tracers" or "Glow rings",
which are typically acrylic rods with a borosilicate glass tube embedded,
which in turn is filled with Tritium gas and coated on the inside with a phosphorous
luminescent compound. They are most often fixed to a key-ring.
These "Tracers" emit light for at least a decade, since Tritium has a half-life of
approximately 12 years.
Although reasonably easily obtainable, Tritium is probably NOT a material that
you would want to use for experiments. Not because it is so terribly radioactive,
but mostly because it is an isotope of hydrogen and as a gas can be easily
inhaled, which gets that relatively weak radioactivity straight into the lung tissues
and that is extremely unhealthy!
There are a few weak radioactive isotopes of various other elements that are
available through some sources, but most of those are not very usefull for
energy production. This is either because of their short half-life, their very
low decay energy, or the extremely low occurrence of that isotope.
Smoke alarms were mentioned, some of those used to contain radioactive
elements like americium, strontium, francium, etc.
But nowadays most smoke alarms are "optical" and no longer use radioactive
materials. :(
I hope there is some usefull information in this post. :)
In any case, BE CAREFULL whatever you do with radioactive materials.
And perhaps it would be worth reading up on Moray's work with his radioactive ores.
Bruce Perreault also worked with and wrote about radioactive materials
in power generating setups. And so did quite a few others.
Kind regards,
Koen
You can find radioacitive materials in fresh rainwater(with half lives of a few hours or less).Just boil down 200 gallons of rainwater into a single beaker or flask.They used to do this at the university of Arkansas with they had a nuclear chemistry group(1960's and 1970's).Then react chemicals with the residue to make samples which could be measured.Triffid
Just google up" nuclear chemistry" and see what pops up.Triffid
@sir koen and triffid
wow ! what an info ! :o
Thank you very much sir! ;D
God bless
otits
My neighbor had to have a radon mitigation system put in before she could sell her property.
A tube was placed under the basement floor and a fan pulls it out where it is vented. Could radon be used or excited in anyway for electrical generation on it's way through the tube?
G'day Tito L. Oracion and all,
This might be an interesting source of radioactivity. It would appear radioactive elements play an important part in the Testatika design. It uses an unorthodox source. Here is the post. I hope you will find this interesting. I did.
I wish I knew what you are working on :-)
Hans von Lieven
Quote from: f_dyne on March 27, 2009, 09:31:45 PM
I found some data on isotopes.
From here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon-29
"Silicon (Si) has numerous known isotopes, with mass numbers ranging from 22 to
44. 28Si (the most abundant isotope, at 92.23%), 29Si (4.67%), and 30Si (3.1%)
are stable; 32Si is a radioactive isotope produced by argon decay. Its half-life
has been determined to be approximately 170 years (0.21 MeV), and it decays by
beta emission to 32P (which has a 14.28 day half-life [1]) and then to 32S. "
then I made some calculations:
32-Si mass=(31,97414808 * proton mass) (Kg)
32-S mass=(31,97207100 * proton mass) (Kg)
Energy release per atom: (32-Si mass - 32-S mass) x C^2
Atoms per cubic meter, full SiO2 quartz crystal: (calculus) = 2,48e28
Energy per cubic meter: 7,74e15 Joule/m3
that is, 7,74e6 Joule/mm3.
This means that if Baumann found 32.Si isotope quartz crystals, he found some
real beta decay nuclear value.
F_dyne
http://xoomer.virgilio.it/fischerconsulting/edgeresearch.htm
You will find this discussed at http://www.overunity.com/index.php?topic=5421.0;topicseen
Quote from: hansvonlieven on March 27, 2009, 10:15:54 PM
G'day Tito L. Oracion and all,
This might be an interesting source of radioactivity. It would appear radioactive elements play an important part in the Testatika design. It uses an unorthodox source. Here is the post. I hope you will find this interesting. I did.
I wish I knew what you are working on :-)
Hans von Lieven
You will find this discussed at http://www.overunity.com/index.php?topic=5421.0;topicseen
HI SIR GOOD DAY
i just want to try to combine this radioactive element and see if it gives good result in my tpu, cause i'm not satisfied to the power it produce.
thats why i open up this thread to get some good info, and i become more interested with it when i read this info .doc that i attached.
Thank you once again sir and for everyone who gave some info thank you very much! ;D
God bless you all
otits
A electroscope's leaves will close faster when ionizing radiation is present than when its not present.Maybe a simple electroscope can take the place of a more expensive geiger counter?It would be interesting to compare the two side by side.Triffid
Why on earth would you want to try to build a nuclear reactor ( when we have so much coal )...no j/k.
But seriously?
Radiation destroys things, creates heat - which destroys magnetic fields. Besides, most radiation is atomic particles at high speed - just incidental mass and heat.
"Salts of quinine, for instance, are not radioactive. By letting them be slightly hydrated after desiccation, they become so, and remain phosphorescent while hydration lasts. Mercury and tin show no perceptible signs of radioactivity under the influence of light; but as to the former a trace of the latter, and its radioactivity at once becomes intense. These experiments even led me thereafter to modify entirely the properties of certain simple bodies by the addition of minute quantities of foreign bodies."
This above is an excerpt from "The Evolution of Matter" by Gustave Le Bon. This book was issued in 1907. It is available on rexresearch.com though somewhat incomplete. It is available anyway on Amazon.com for somewhat about $30.00 - just type the title and author in appropriate spot of your search engine.
I've paid attention to this book while reading the biography of T. H. Moray which I found in "The Sea of Energy in Which The Earth Flows" which is available here:
http://www.tesla.hu/moray/moray.htm
I am excited with the results of work of T. H. Moray since this was a guy who had real effects. And Gustave Le Bon's "The Evolution of Matter" was his favorite. In my opinion, even if he used some radioactive elements in his RE device, it is a challenge to present day nuclear power plants.
With Regards,
Marek P.
Save your money folks. Google has it in it's book list. PDF download on side. Google book search is your friend.
"The Evolution of Matter" by Gustave Le Bon (1907)
http://books.google.com/books?id=NpUXAAAAYAAJ&dq=the+Evolution+of+Matter&printsec=frontcover&source=bl&ots=6Y_fESJZoP&sig=VADKm4SGGcbk2lhbYI_iHhtsmUA&hl=en&ei=xrTPSZyONYvWlQe_4cDICQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=2&ct=result
"The Evolution of Forces" By Gustave Le Bon, F. Legge (1908)
http://books.google.com/books?id=nO84AAAAMAAJ&pg=PR3&dq=Gustave+Le+Bon,+F.+Legge
"The radiochemistry of thorium" By Earl K. Hyde (1960)
http://books.google.com/books?id=K0MrAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=thorium&lr=#PPP1,M1
"Radium, and other radio-active substances" By William Joseph Hammer (1903)
http://books.google.com/books?id=OWYPAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=thorium&lr=
@DreamThinkBuild,
Only The radiochemistry of thorium is downloadable, you have to buy the others >:(
Hans von Lieven
Quote from: hansvonlieven on March 29, 2009, 06:11:14 PM
@DreamThinkBuild,
Only The radiochemistry of thorium is downloadable, you have to buy the others >:(
Hans von Lieven
??? Odd it works here.
When I click the download I get "The Evolution of Matter" the full PDF (6.4MB) for the book.
The front matter of the PDF (481 pages) contains this:
"This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project to make the world’s books discoverable online.
It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that’s often difficult to discover. Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book’s long journey from the publisher to a library and finally to you."
Please try these links it is direct to the PDF. According to the Google front matter these are public domain.
The Evolution of Matter
http://books.google.com/books/download/The_evolution_of_matter.pdf?id=NpUXAAAAYAAJ&output=pdf&sig=ACfU3U2HywO1ZO5EvoWqA11WXodJinGOAQ
The Evolution of Forces
http://books.google.com/books/download/The_Evolution_of_Forces.pdf?id=nO84AAAAMAAJ&output=pdf&sig=ACfU3U3k6n4j8xDvjyz92bJIwhkZ8uTzTQ
Radium, and other radio-active substances
http://books.google.com/books/download/Radium__and_other_radio_active_substance.pdf?id=OWYPAAAAYAAJ&output=pdf&sig=ACfU3U0Il-HS5tYO5YqgzH57vsBymxs7kg
http://www.rexresearch.com/lebonmat/lebonmat.htm
http://www.rexresearch.com/lebonfor/evforp1.htm
http://www.rexresearch.com/lebonfor/evforp2.htm
Why is "The Evolution of Matter" for sale? Did RexResearch buy the rights to resell?
http://books.google.com/books/download/The_evolution_of_matter.pdf?id=NpUXAAAAYAAJ&output=pdf&sig=ACfU3U2HywO1ZO5EvoWqA11WXodJinGOAQ
Google front page of the PDF.
"...It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired..."
@ DreamThinkBuild,
Funny, all three links come up with Document not found ! Maybe it has something to do with me being in Australia ???
The rexresearch ones work though they won't download the illustrations.
Hans
Dream think,I was able to see all three links.Thorium can be found in crushed granite rock.Triffid
"When, in an enclosed vessel, containing some emanation from a radioactive body --- thorium, for example, a metal plate charged with negative electricity at a high potential is introduced, all the particles emitted by the thorium concentrate themselves upon it, and, according to Rutherford, this plate becomes 10,000 times more active, surface for surface, than the thorium itself." This is an excerpt from "The Evolution of Matter" by G. Le Bon (page 144 of the original), as well as this one:
"It would seems, from M. Curie’s experiments, that bismuth, plunged into a solution of radium bromide and carefully washed immediately, remains radioactive for at least three years"
In another spot one can read this:
"A trace of tin mixed with mercury makes that solution radioactive while in the presence of light"
With regards,
Marek P
@ hansvonlieven
Did you mean the links I posted?
I you wish I can zip my off-lined versions and put it up on rapidshare for download?
Please let me know.
I'm not sure, may be a web error along the line somewhere,
but I also cannot download those files from google.
Or at least, I couldn't last night, I may try again later.
Why does Rexresearch sell the book?
Well probably because that's the way it's supposed to work:
you write a book, you sell it, others pay to get it.
What Google does is in fact illegal in many countries:
they simply move into a library and scan in all the books there,
even though just about all of those books have a copyright clause
and may not legally be copied and distributed without authorisation
of the authors or publishers.
Many books by foreign authors are simply copied by Google without
even attempting to get authorisation from the authors or their legal
heirs or representatives.
It's great advertising for Google, it is convenient for those who can now
easily get books they used to have to go borrow at the library or buy
at the shop.
It is however not a civil way to proceed, in many cases not actually legal,
and for the authors it is theft of their work and income.
And why would anyone want to build a nuclear reactor?
Well that's quite obvious, isn't it? For the energy.
Basically, we have radioactive materials in the earths soil that is there,
it is radioactive, and it decays. We can leave it there and not get
any usefull energy from it, which means it takes a very long time
before it has decayed enough to no longer be a radiation hazard.
Or we can take it out of the ground, put it in a reactor, and use some
of that radiation that is emitted anyway, to produce some usefull energy.
Afterward, we have the energy we collected, and some material
that is significantly less radioactive than before. We can put that back
in the earth where we found it, and we will now have removed some
of the naturally occurring radioactivity and turned it into a usefull form
of energy.
In a way, nuclear reactors only decrease the amount of radiation and
radioactive material on our planet.
A better question might be why not get our energy from this source?
Is it not better to remove potentially harmfull radiation from the planetary
system than to for example burn fuels that produce additional pollution?
Okay, unfortunately it is currently not yet feasible to construct latest generation
liquid metal reactors, especially not for the experimenter and home inventor,
so complete conversion of radioactive material to energy and non-radioactive
"waste" products is not possible at the moment. But the research is ongoing
and looks very promising, suggesting that within the next 50 years or so this
next generation liquid metal nuclear reactor technology will actually be
implemented on a larger scale, and when that happens the entire stockpile
of nuclear waste suddenly becomes nuclear fuel again...
Untill that time, "classic" style nuclear fission reactors are still quite a good
source of power that produces zero CO2 emissions.
Well, so much for my rant, ;)
replies are most welcome :)
regards,
Koen
Koen,
Thanks for the information on Google and it's book scanning practices.
I'm in agreement with you on using naturally occurring nuclear for electrical generation. What got me interested was the high radon levels we have in my area. Then I found out that they just pump that radon out of the basement and let it disperse into the atmosphere. Seems like there could be a better way to use that radon as it gets pumped out.
I never really considered Radon for use as energy source,
since its most stable isotope has a halflife of only 3.8 days or so,
and even that only occurs as trace element... All its other isotopes
are both synthetic (not naturally occurring) and have much lower
halflives ranging from approximately 2 to 15 hours.
But I suppose, if there is indeed so much radon collecting in basements
that it needs to be vented into the atmosphere, that such accumulations
could be used... ;)
Now let's just take that most stable isotope, half of that decays within
4 days and emits an alpha particle while decaying into Polonium.
The Polonium isotope formed , Po(218), is one with a halflife of about
3 minutes, and again quite radioactive. This decays again, well, I think
you get the idea... ;) See the Radium decay chain.
So yeah, if there is indeed that much Radon accumulating, we should be able
to use some of it and collect energy from it by interactions with its emission
products.
With beta particles such collection is relatively easy, as those are basically
high speed electrons. With alpha particles this becomes a little more difficult,
as those are helium nuclei. But as such they are positively charged and will
in most cases accept electrons from a donor or electrode.
Have you already worked out a (partial) plan on how to utilise accumulated Radon
to produce output? If so, I'd like to hear about it. ;) :)
Regards,
Koen
Why doesn't anyone use Google for these things:) - - - Searching for Radium is a risky business. Possession of it without a permit is a felony and 'they' will try to tag you with accusations of terrorist intent.
You can buy it if you go through proper procedures. Just contact an Isotope supplier and find out how to get the use permits.
Old Aircraft radio dials used it circa WWII. A lot of it became available about twenty years ago when they surplused a lot of stuff from Los Alamos. This guy bought a bunch of aircraft radios. He had mexicans disassembling them and they all dies soon aftwards ( 1 to 5 years)
Why, this is your lucky day...
Just recently I stumbled upon a patent application involving use of Radon as an exciter for production of alpha particles, and it comes from no one else but Bruce A. Perreault, titled "Alpha Fusion Electrical Energy Valve"
http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2008/0272680.html
So, if a source of Radon can be secured easily, building one of his valves should not be a big deal, if I'm reading the patent application right.