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Overunity Machines Forum



Nathan Stubblefield Earth battery/Self Generating Induction Coil Replications

Started by Localjoe, October 19, 2007, 02:42:39 PM

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0 Members and 187 Guests are viewing this topic.

Branko

Tishatang,

Thanks for suggestion. In my circuit, idea is to recycle all high frequency current. But my focus is on direct current from 'antenna' plates to ground. This is extra current which come from stratosphere. It is always around us (around 1800 A for all Earth). With 1 balloon on 100-300 m height, it could collect few kW of power. I try to build replacement for that balloons. I think that high voltage from Tesla's transformer can do that.

When I was working on some experiment, I am surprise with that direct current (because I remove all diodes from experiment).
And it come when Tesla's transformer is not grounded, and when HF is stopped to go to ground with high inductance ( DC could pass through it). If transformer is put to ground, that current will become 'invisible' (going to ground to).

With only 3 W of power, and 150 V of high frequency, and 1 m2 of plates, that DC current charge 470 uF capacitance in less than 1 minutes to more than 10 V. It could be some rectifier effect (without diodes) or that stratosphere to earth current.

My next step is to build more areas plates, and highest voltage on HF transformer.

I measure charging grounding capacitor (but low energy input), only with plate in air, and inductance (for stopping some HF to come to capacitor).

It is good to know all that effect because in Stubblefield's earth battery system is Fe wire and core. It is not the same, but source of energy is the same.
"Nikola Tesla and My Thoughts":
http://free-ri.htnet.hr/Branko/index.html

rice


tak22

A bit of Barbat for all that are interested,

A big thanks to Hans for picking up on my cryptic reference awhile back to the patent for a Self-Sustaining Electrical Generator by William Barbat. This patent is my project of choice, but I haven't gotten much further than pulling the patent apart for a list of clues, and coming up with a simplified replication build plan. But maybe what I have done will help others to conceptualize/visualize what Barbat is saying/claiming.

Trivia: Tesla's Self-Sustaining Electrical Generator and the Ether, by Oliver Nichelson (Proceedings of the 1984 International Tesla Symposium)  A naming coincidence?

I've concentrated on working with the cupric oxide (CuO) variation instead of the exotic/expensive photoconductors, doped semiconductors, or superconductors as a source of and conductor of low-mass electrons. Need to find a method for oxidizing copper wire to get the cupric oxide coating.

Finally, before you ask me about wire diameters, # of turns, dimensions, variable caps, etc, just don't, as I don't know the answers. I just know this is my interpretation of the minimum it will take to either get a result, or drive yourself crazy.

First, the simplified replication build plan:

Theory - Low-mass electrons must have originated in a thin-film coating of cupric oxide (CuO) on the wire. CuO is a dull-black, polycrystalline, semiconducting compound that develops in situ on copper wire in the course of exposure to oxygen

Image - see attached barbat_fig3a.jpg

20. Sending coil - single layer of insulated copper wire (formed on a dielectric substrate if desired)

24. Energy coil - single layer of bare oxidized (cupric oxide CuO) copper wire (formed on a substrate transmissive to inductive-photon radiation if desired), with a connector 30 to form a continuous conductor

28a. Output coil - single layer of insulated copper wire, coaxially nested inside the energy coil 24 (formed on a dielectric substrate if desired) . 47a and dotted arrow 47b indicate that the internal output coil actually is coaxially inside the energy coil

46. Feed-back loop - insulated copper wire in parallel with the work loop, with a variable capacitor 77 and variable resistor 50 to make an LC circuit

48. Work loop - insulated copper wire with a resistance load 51 (lamp or resistor)

Starting - momentarily expose the sending coil 20 or feed-back loop 46 to a permanent magnet moved rapidly (either mechanically or manually), relative to the sending coil

Note - relative voltage and current of output power can be varied by changing the ratio of the number of turns in the energy-magnifying coil to the number of turns in the output coil

Next, a subset of indexed points from the patent:

[0110] The feed-back loop conducts a portion of the electric power from the internal output coil back to the sending coil. The remaining portion of the electric power from the internal output coil is directed to the work loop where the power is utilized for useful work (e.g., an electrical resistor). The relative proportions of output power delivered to the feed-back loop and to the work loop can be varied by adjusting a variable resistor.

[0111] An initial source of electrical energy is used for "starting" by initiating an oscillation in the sending coil. After starting, it is self-resonant and no longer requires input of energy from the initial source. The inductance and distributed capacitance of the sending coil plus all other capacitances and inductances in the apparatus provide a certain corresponding frequency of self-resonating oscillation. In the feed-back loop is a capacitor that makes the apparatus an L-C circuit that oscillates at its own frequency. The frequency can be changed by altering the capacitance or the inductance of the apparatus, or both. The capacitor can be a variable capacitor by which the frequency can be adjusted.

[0112] The initial source of oscillating electrical energy can be an impulse from an external electromagnet powered by its own energy source (a battery as shown, dc or ac source). The electromagnet can be placed near the sending coil or other portion of the feed-back loop and energized by a momentary discharge delivered from the battery by a switch. The resulting pulse generated in the electromagnet initiates a corresponding electrical pulse in the sending coil that initiates self-sustaining oscillations in the apparatus. The electromagnet can be energized briefly by an ac source. The initial source can be a permanent magnet that is moved rapidly (either mechanically or manually) near the sending coil or other portion of the feed-back circuitry. The pulse provided by the initial source initiates electrical oscillations in the sending coil that produce corresponding oscillating inductive-photon radiation from the sending coil, as shown by thin, jagged arrows. The inductive-photon radiation from the sending coil causes re-radiation of magnified inductive-photon energy from low-mass electrons in the energy-magnifying coil, as shown by thick, jagged arrows.

[0113] Energy-magnification allows the energy-magnifying coil to induce greater energy in the internal output coil than the energy of the corresponding initial impulse. A portion of the magnified electrical energy is returned to the sending coil via the feed-back loop to sustain the oscillations.

[0114] Surplus energy from the internal output coil is available for useful work via the work loop. In one embodiment some of this useful work can be used for illuminating the photoconduction exciter (circuitry not shown) in an apparatus configuration in which the energy-magnifying coil comprises a photoconductor. In another embodiment some of this useful work can be used for maintaining cryogenic (T<T.sub.c) conditions for an apparatus configuration in which the energy-magnifying coil comprises a superconductor.

[0115] After starting oscillations electron flow builds up rapidly so long as the load does not draw off too much of the output energy during startup. Upon reaching operational equilibrium, the output of electrical power from the apparatus is a rapidly alternating current (ac). The ac output can be rectified by conventional means to produce direct current (dc), and the output can be regulated using conventional means as required. Many variations of conventional circuitry are possible, such as, but not limited to, automatic voltage controllers, current controllers, solenoidal switches, transformers, and rectifiers.

And finally, all the clue fragments from the patent:

low-mass electrons must have originated in a thin-film coating of cupric oxide (CuO) on the antenna wire. CuO is a dull-black, polycrystalline, semiconducting compound that develops in situ on copper and bronze wire in the course of annealing the wire in the presence of air.

sending coil, which is comprised of a metallic conductor

output coil, which is comprised of a metallic conductor

energy-magnifying coil can comprise a semiconductive element or compound that has been doped with a particular element or compound that makes it conductive of low-mass electrons without illumination by photon radiation other than by ambient photons.

the "starting" step can comprise momentarily exposing the first coil to an external oscillating inductive force or to an external magnetic force that initiates an electrical pulse

the production of inwardly radiating and outwardly radiating magnified inductive photons from the energy-magnifying coil

an internal output coil coaxially nested inside the energy-magnifying coil to allow efficient induction of the internal output coil by the energy-magnifying coil

a metallic separator, having a substantially parabolic shape and being situated between the sending coil and the internal output coil, reflects some of the otherwise unused inductive-photon radiation to maximize the effective radiation received by the energy-magnifying coil. Also, the metallic shield prevents the internal output coil from receiving radiation sent from the sending coil.

the metallic separator acting as a shield to restrict the back-force radiation reaching the sending coil while allowing the internal output coil to receive a substantial portion of the magnified radiation from the energy-magnifying coil.

also including respective ferromagnetic cores inside the sending coil and internal output coils. Also depicted is a metallic shield surrounding the entire apparatus.

a sending coil of in which a ferromagnetic sleeve is disposed coaxially around the sending coil.

the transfer of energy by electrical induction was found to work in the same manner as the transfer of energy by the broadcast and reception of oscillating radio signals. A transverse force is communicated in both cases, the force declines similarly with distance, and the effects of shielding and reflection are identical.

the output coil can be made of insulated metallic wire. An exemplary output coil is situated coaxially with and nested within the energy-magnification coil

the oscillations in the energy-magnifying coil are initiated by an external energy-input source that provides an initiating impulse of electron flow in the sending coil. the external energy-input source can be an adjacent independent electromagnet or an adjacent permanent magnet moved rapidly relative to the sending coil. Energy from the external energy-input source is magnified by the apparatus so long as the energy-magnifying coil does not act as an independent oscillator at a different frequency. Independent oscillation is desirably avoided by connecting the ends or terminals of the energy-magnifying coil to each other in such a way that it results in one continuous coil

a feed-back loop arranged in parallel with the work loop that includes the sending coil, and with a capacitor located in the feed-back loop to make it an L-C circuit. becomes self-resonating, which allows the external energy-input source to be decoupled from the apparatus without causing the apparatus to cease production of electrical energy.

takes advantage of the fact that the inductive back-force sent from the output coil to the energy-magnifying coil (and hence ultimately back to the sending coil) arrives at the sending coil one cycle behind the corresponding pulse that initiated the flow of electrons. This one-cycle lag of the back-force, as well as a corresponding one-cycle lag in the feed-back, enables small starting pulses produced in the sending coil to produce progressively greater electrical outputs each successive cycle. Consequently, assuming the electrical load is not excessive during startup, only a relatively few initiating cycles from the external energy-input source typically are needed for achieving production by the apparatus of an amount of output power sufficient for driving the load as well as providing sufficient energy feedback to the sending coil in a sustained manner.

a half-cycle of the one-cycle lag occurs between an initial acceleration of electrons in the sending coil and a corresponding initial oscillation in the energy-magnifying coil.

a second half-cycle lag occurs between the acceleration of low-mass electrons in the energy-magnifying coil and the corresponding electron flow induced in the output coil. The feed-back from the output coil boosts the electron flow in the sending coil one whole cycle after the initial pulse.

the sending coil is shown having a desirable cylindrical profile, desirably with a circular cross-section as the most efficient configuration. The sending coil can comprise a single layer or multiple layers of insulated metal wire (e.g., insulated copper wire) forming the coil. One layer is sufficient, but an additional layer or layers may increase operational efficiency. If necessary or desired, the turns of wire can be formed on a cylindrical substrate made of a suitable dielectric.

energy-magnifying coil that desirably has a cylindrical profile extending parallel to the sending coil. the energy-magnifying coil does not terminate at the ends, but rather it is constructed with a connector to form a continuous conductor. desirably is a helical coil. If necessary or desired, the energy-magnifying coil can be formed on a substrate that, if used, desirably is transmissive to the inductive-photon radiation produced by the coil.

the relative amount of the total energy of inductive-photon radiation received by the energy-magnifying coil is determined by the angle subtended by the energy-magnifying coil, relative to the entire 360 degrees of inductive-photon radiation from the sending coil.

of the magnified inductive-photon energy radiating from the energy-magnifying coil, substantially half is directed inwardly, and substantially the other half is radiated outwardly.

the internal output coil and the conductors of the work loop desirably are made of insulated metallic (e.g., copper) wire.

aside from the small amount of inductive-photon radiation lost from the ends of the energy-magnifying coil, the relative amount of the magnified inductive-photon radiation providing the back-force on the sending coil is a function of the angle subtended by the sector, compared to the 360-degree radiation from the energy-magnifying coil.

the conductors of the feed-back loop can be made of insulated metallic wire. The relative proportions of output power delivered to the feed-back loop and to the work loop can be varied by adjusting a variable resistor.

after starting, under usual operating conditions the apparatus is self-resonant and no longer requires input of energy from the initial source. The particular inductance and distributed capacitance of the sending coil plus all other capacitances and inductances provide a certain corresponding frequency of self-resonating oscillation. In the feed-back loop is a capacitor that makes the apparatus an L-C circuit that oscillates at its own frequency. The frequency can be changed by altering the capacitance or the inductance of the apparatus, or both. The capacitor can be a variable capacitor by which the frequency can be adjusted.

the initial source of oscillating electrical energy can be an impulse from an external electromagnetpowered by its own energy source (a battery or other dc or ac source). the electromagnetcan be placed near the sending coil or other portion of the feed-back loop and energized by a momentary discharge delivered from the battery by a switch. the initial source can be a permanent magnet that is moved rapidly (either mechanically or manually) near the sending coil or other portion of the feed-back circuitry.

after starting oscillations, electron flow builds up rapidly so long as the load does not draw off too much of the output energy during startup. Upon reaching operational equilibrium, the output of electrical power is a rapidly alternating current (ac). The ac output can be rectified by conventional means to produce direct current (dc), and the output can be regulated using conventional means as required. Many variations of conventional circuitry are possible, such as automatic voltage controllers, current controllers, solenoidal switches, transformers, and rectifiers.

alternatively, copper oxides are formed in place on bare copper or bronze wire by heating the wire above about 260.degree. C. in an oxygen atmosphere, or by application of chemical oxidants.

a second electron of comparatively low mass may have been liberated from cupric oxide by alpha radiation along with the outer copper electron in Leimer's (1915) experiments, since the measured energy magnification exceeded the magnification calculated from cyclotron resonance of CuO, which most likely pertains only to the mass of the outer electron.

use of a single energy-magnifying coil to capture inductive photons from the sending coil results in loss (by non-capture) of most of the inductive photons from the sending coil. This proportion of captured inductive photons can be increased greatly in an embodiment in which multiple energy-magnifying coils are arrayed around the sending coil. the energy-magnifying coils substantially completely surround the sending coil, and (although six energy-magnifying coils are shown) as few as three energy-magnifying coils of adequate diameter still could substantially completely surround the sending coil.

also depicts respective internal output coils nested coaxially and coextensively inside each of the energy-magnifying coils. the overall energy output can be increased by surrounding the array of energy-magnifying coils with an external output coil, of which the conductors desirably are made of insulated metallic wire. In this embodiment approximately half the outwardly propagating, magnified inductive-photon radiation from each energy-magnifying coil is received by the external output coil. When this externally directed inductive radiation captured from all the energy-magnifying coils is added to all the inwardly directed radiation captured from the energy-magnifying coils by their respective internal output coils , the total energy received by the output coils, greatly exceeds the back-force energy directed by the energy-magnifying coils toward the sending coil. Thus, the resulting energy "leverage" exhibited by the apparatus is increased substantially by including the external output coil.

whenever multiple energy-magnifying coils are used, the respective directions of electron flow in them desirably occur in the same circular direction as viewed endwise. Thus, the flow of electrons in all the energy-magnifying coils is clockwise during one phase of an oscillation cycle and counterclockwise during the other phase.

the energy-magnifying coils desirably are connected together in series, to maintain the same direction of electron flow, which can be clockwise or counter-clockwise . This direction of electron flow in a coil is termed the "handedness" of the coil. If the energy-magnifying coils all have the same handedness, then the termini of adjacent energy-magnifying coils are connected together in a head-to-foot manner progressively in one direction around the group of coils. ("Head" refers to the forward-facing end, and "foot" refers to the rearward-facing end of the apparatus in relation to the viewer.)

connecting the internal output coils together in series is advantageous if it is desired to maximize the output voltage. Alternatively, the internal output coils can be connected together in parallel if it is desired to maximize the output electrical current while minimizing output voltage. \ In this alternative configuration, all the internal output coils desirably are wound with the same handedness, with each coil having two respective leads. The leads at one end (e.g., the foot end) of the coils are connected to each other, and the leads at the other end (the head end) of the coils are connected to each other. The resulting parallel-coil system is connected in a conventional manner in other circuitry

the internal output coils can be connected together so as to provide more than one output circuit (so long as sufficient energy is produced for use as feedback to the sending coil and for use in establishing conditions favorable for producing abundant low-mass electrons). The relative voltage(s) and current(s) of output power alternatively can be varied by changing the ratio of the number of turns in the energy-magnifying coils to the number of turns in the internal output coils.

certain features can be incorporated with any of the embodiments to add functional practicality. a ferromagnetic core can be disposed inside the sending coil, and ferromagnetic cores can be disposed inside respective internal output coils. These cores increase the inductance of the apparatus, which lowers the frequency of the electrical oscillations produced by the apparatus. Although increases in inductance can cause the output voltage and current to be out of phase, the phase difference can be corrected by adding capacitance to the circuitry by conventional means. Also shown is an external metal shield that completely surrounds the apparatus to block any radiation from the device that could interfere with radios, televisions, telephones, computers, and other electronic devices. The shield can be comprised of any of various non-magnetic metals such as aluminum or magnesium.

an alternative means of increasing the inductance, a ferromagnetic sleeve is disposed coaxially around the sending coil.

the respective dimensional ratios of various components generally remain similar with respect to each other for different apparatus sizes, except for the longitudinal dimension, which generally can be as short or long as desired up to some practical limit. The respective gauges of wires used in the sending coil and the output coils are commensurate with the electric current carried by these wires, and the respective thicknesses of insulation (if used) on the wires are commensurate with the voltage.

the outside diameter of the internal output coils desirably is only slightly less than the inside diameter of the respective energy-magnifying coils, thereby ensuring close proximity of each internal output coil with its respective energy-magnifying coil. At a sacrifice in efficiency, the outside diameter of the internal output coils can be made smaller to allow space for heat from the current-carrying wires to escape or be removed by a coolant such as forced air

desirably, the external output coil is connected in series with the internal output coils to maximize the output voltage and to minimize heat produced by the electric currents in the apparatus. The output voltage can be stepped down and the output electrical current can be stepped up to normal respective operating ranges using a transformer, wherein the primary of the transformer would comprise the load in the work loop.

the photoconductive coils desirably are coated using clear varnish or enamel to provide electrical insulation and to protect the photoconductors from oxidation and weathering.

tak

supersam

tak,

is this a TPU or what?  am i just imagineing this or all of these things being attemted in the TPU thread?  it seems to be not only the starting mechanism that has been missing but most of the theory.  combined with the earth battery, i guess this takes alot of the guess work out of "free energy" !!!!!

GREAT FIND!!!!!

lol
sam

tak22

sam,

no, I don't think it's a TPU or an earth battery, I think it's a missing link  ;) I'm sticking with this replication attempt until either I get it to work, or someone else conclusively proves it false. simplicity has to win sometimes  ;D

I'll limit my posts here so as not to distract from earth batteries.

tak