G?day all,

Here is the motor design I promised. I have posted it elsewhere but I thought I want to share it with my friends here also, since it is in a way applicable to this thread.

Anyway, I hope I am not annoying anyone.

...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...   ...  ...  ...  ...  ...  ...

Before we go into the design concept for a motor, let?s have a look at the principle involved here.


Fig. 1   shows the device at rest. There is no power supplied to the coil. The soft iron reed sits at the midpoint between the poles, held in place by a spring. Since un-magnetised iron gets attracted by either pole there is equal pull from both sides, therefore the device is in a state of equilibrium.

Fig 2   shows the coil being energised by a forward current. The soft iron reed has now become an electromagnet. The illustration shows the forward current forming a south pole facing the horseshoe magnet. The reed is now attracted by N and repelled by S giving it sharp unidirectional movement.

Fig 3   shows the current being reversed in polarity resulting in movement in the opposite direction.

What is remarkable here is that it needs very little power for these reactions to occur. The slightest magnetic bias in relation to the magnetic field of the horseshoe magnet triggers a reaction. The real work is done by the permanent magnet.

I see it like putting up a sail in a breeze. The more sail you put up the more power is delivered to your boat because you catch more of the wind.

Similarly here, the stronger the bias the more of the energy latent in the permanent magnet is caught.

Now this is where I get into trouble with conventional physics. Conventional physics sees the permanent magnet more like an anchor against which the electromagnet pushes or pulls itself toward dependent on polarity.

My leaning is more in line with Leedskalnin and Keely who see magnetism as two opposing streams of very real particles which cannot be created but only channelled by such things a permanent magnets and electromagnets and a whole host of other things where the effects are not as readily observable.

I see the permanent magnet like some sort of a canal where the particle flows are determined by the physical constraints of the channels, whereas I see the electromagnet as a sort of two way valve controlled by an electric current.

Of course what I am saying here is pure heresy as far as conventional physics is concerned, but I have been called a heretic before, so it does not distress me unduly.

But back to our subject. The two main questions that need to be answered are: Can a motor be built using the Freischwinger system? and Does such a motor exhibit overunity?

The answer to the first question is: Yes a motor along those principles can be built with comparative ease.

As to the overunity question: Perhaps it can, experiment will tell.

So how would one go about designing such a motor?

Playing around with the fundamental principle I came up with the following approaches:


Fig. 4   is just a extension of the original device. I have put two discrete magnets here, though a horseshoe magnet can be put in its place. At the moment I don?t know if discrete magnets work in the same fashion. Something to find out.

I extended the reed upwards from the pivot to get more horizontal movement in order to drive a simple Faraday generator. The springs are still required to keep the device centred when quiescent. I did not like this as it costs energy. I decided to do away with it.

Fig. 5   shows a pendulum arrangement. This was a bad idea! I decided to try a pendulum to get rid of the spring. The problem with this is the natural frequency of the pendulum.

The natural frequency of a pendulum is solely dependent on the distance between the fulcrum and the centre of gravity. In most places on earth (as gravity varies with latitude) that means that a one peter pendulum completes one cycle every two seconds, a 25 cm pendulum has a natural frequency of 1 cps and so forth. Since 1 cps was far too low for any practical application and 25 cm was about as small as you can get that meant that whatever pulses I fed into the device would have to overcome the natural frequency and force the vibrations. That would have cost a lot more than a spring in terms of energy, so it was back to the drawing board. Besides, I was unhappy with the reciprocal action of the device. Converting reciprocal movement into something usable is always inefficient and cumbersome. That is when I decided to try a wheel.

Fig. 6   shows the next arrangement. It became immediately clear that here was a far more elegant solution. I could try for rotation.

The result was the following design.

Sorry fellows, on this one I am reserving my copyright, because I think here is a very real chance for something worthwhile, perhaps not overunity, but at least a fairly substantial motor that can run on very little energy. You can build the thing for yourself and play with it as much as you like, power your house or car with it if you can, I wish you well. Only where commercial exploitation is concerned I reserve my rights.

So here it is:


Now this looks suspiciously like a common garden electromotor. So why should this thing be any better?

It requires only small pulses of energy to run.

Here is the animation:


Now we come to the pulsing required to get the device to work.

Before we get into this though we must take another look at the Freischwinger system in its original form. Because the energised soft iron reed moves between the poles of a magnet there is a definite limit to the amount of movement available. No amount of power will propel it beyond this.


Fig. 7   shows the limits of movement.

In position A the iron reed is un-energised. Since iron is attracted to either pole both poles exert equal pull, the forces balance each other out, and the system is in equilibrium.

If we now energise the reed by turning the coil on, it will become an electromagnet with two distinct poles. We can reverse the polarity of the electromagnet by reversing the flow of current through the coil.

Shall we say a forward current polarises the reed with the north pole facing the permanent magnet. Since like poles repel and unlike poles attract the reed is propelled by both poles to the right, up to the strongest point of attraction (point B). There it will come to rest, having found the point of equilibrium of all participating forces.

Reversing polarity will move the reed in the opposite direction and stop at point C.

If we switch the power off at the extreme points the iron reed will just stick there since it is still attracted, albeit with diminished power. That is why the spring is necessary to bring the reed back to the neutral mid point.

In the design of the motor we have to deal with these ?stick points? in some way before we can induce rotation. This we can do with well timed pulses.

Fig. 8   shows the pulse sequence.

The first pulse is applied as the reed reaches the limit of the magnetic sphere of influence of the horseshoe magnet (A). Strictly speaking this pulse is not required as the soft iron reed is attracted naturally, but an energy injection at this point is advantageous.

The polarity must be reversed when the ?stick point? is reached (here indicated by the black line). This polarity must be kept up until the next ?stick point? is reached (black line in B).

Now we must reverse again (C) until the reed is outside the sphere of influence of the horseshoe magnet.

Needless to say that all four magnets in the motor are energised simultaneously.

Thus we have rotation.

Hans von Lieven

@ Hans

Another great post. My question is how are you going to charge the four magnets while they are all spinning? Would you use brushes? and my guess is you'd have to use alternating current to get the magnets to reverse fast enough. I had basically the same idea but was thinking in terms of direct current and was under the impression that the reed would move back and forth quickly in a vibrating sort of way (it wouldn't do that with DC but probably would using AC). It would be great if you had a way to get some free AC.

David

@ David
What about the AC that we've al measured on our cells?
Or have we all come to the conclusion that our meters are wrong?
Sid

@ All
Does anyone think that the laminated iron core of a transformer would make a good "soft iron" core for a coil?
Sid

@Sid

I don't think it would help with this exp but feel free to try.  The welding rod people commonly use for core material in bedini motors is a possibility tho. 
                                                                                                   Joe