another small breakthrough on our NERD technology.

[Rosemary Ainslie]

It seems I need to interrupt this to reference MileHigh's latest concerns.

My dear MileHigh.  OF COURSE the load current must flow through both the power supply and the function generator.  But this little interaction between the two currents is ONLY managed when the circuit is CLOSED that the battery is able to discharge any current at all.  Then INDEED the voltage at the gate of the signal generator increases.  I'll post YET ANOTHER example where the increase in the voltage is clear.  AS EVER. Follow the BLUE TRACE and relate that to the ORANGE trace.  BUT during the period that the circuit is OPEN when the battery cannot supply any current - THEN?  You will notice that the signal at the gate of Q1 defaults to below zero.  THEN it is EVIDENTIAL that the load current is NOT flowing through the function generator from that battery power supply.  ELSE it would be GREATER THAN ZERO.  IT IS NOT.

WHY am I having to show you this?  I'm meant to be the ignoramus here.  Come on MileHigh. You need to do MUCH better than this. And this posted here as your rather optimistic REBUTTAL - which is not a rebuttal at all. Here's that reference for those who don't read OUR.com

Another limitation of using this method is that the current available to your load is limited to the output current of the function generator you choose, since the load current must ï¬,ow through both the power supply and the function generator. Also, most function generators have a 50-ohm output impedance, meaning any load current will ï¬,ow through this resistance. This resistance will form a voltage divider with your load impedance, so be sure to adjust the DC power supply output voltage accordingly.

[TinselKoala]

It's too bad that "oscilloscope abuse" isn't a crime. You'd be safely in jail by now.

Did you even bother to read the .pdf I linked on power supply measurements using oscilloscopes? Somehow I don't think so. You wouldn't have understood it anyway....

[Rosemary Ainslie]

And MORE interruptions.  MileHigh, Mags, giantkiller, PhysicsProf, Poynty  - to all my tireless detractors.

Let me presume to give you ALL an elementary lesson in the workings of your standard  N CHANNEL MOSFET TRANSISTOR.  Which is as boring as hell - but very obviously REQUIRED.  And for now you'll all have to overlook the irony of who is presuming to teach who - and just address the OBVIOUS NEED to explain this - IN SIMPLE TERMS.  Luckily for us all.  I'm SIMPLE MINDED. Therefore I'm OVER QUALIFIED for the task in hand.

Under standard circuit conditions - when a battery is applied to a circuit it is able to deliver potential difference.  Convention determines that this is delivered in the form of current flow and that the current flows from the positive terminal of the battery supply source to it's negative terminal.  That current flow results in a loss of potential difference from that supply.  Now.  Convention has ruled that the flow of current is consistent with the applied voltage.  Given a positive voltage the current is positive - ABOVE ZERO.  Given a negative voltage the current is negative - BELOW ZERO.  Convention also determines the that POSITIVE FLOW of current is shown to be CLOCKWISE.  And correspondingly the NEGATIVE FLOW of current is shown to be ANTI CLOCKWISE.  ALL, obviously, relative to the plus and minus terminals of that battery.

PROVIDED ONLY that the positive terminal is CONTINUOUSLY linked to the negative terminal of that battery supply source - PROVIDED that there are no GAPS in that circuit - and PROVIDED that there is enough POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE to breach any resistance in that circuit - THEN - as day follow night I can recommend that you can stake everything that you own - on a certainty.  Which is that we can confidently predict a systematic depletion of potential difference while the battery discharges a current flow that moves clockwise through the circuit FROM the positive terminal to the negative terminal.  I am not even THINKING of what makes up that current.  Just dealing with what's KNOWN.

NOW.  If we apply a transistor in series with that circuit then what that transistor IMMEDIATELY manages is to BREAK that CONTINUOUS LINE of circuitry.  It STOPS the flow of current IN IT'S TRACKS.  For as long as that transistor simply sites there - it has disconnected the battery terminals.  NO LONGER can that current be discharged to reduce the potential difference at the supply.  Again.  For as long as that transistor simply sits there - it has EFFECTIVELY BROKEN the circuit.  It has disconnected the positive terminal of the battery from the negative terminal of the battery.  And now.  You I can recommend that you can stake everything you own of the fact that there will be absolutely NO CURRENT FLOW

The MOSFET typically has three legs.  It has a DRAIN LEG which is linked to the POSITIVE TERMINAL of the battery.  And it has a SOURCE LEG which is linked directly to the NEGATIVE TERMINAL of the battery.

I didn't mean to but I see I HIT the post button.  Just as well.  This is getting rather long.  I'll continue this argument in the next post.
R

ADDED N CHANNEL. Sorry.   

[gravityblock]

A heat by product of an oscillation has an exploitable potential as this relates to the efficient use of energy, which is the subject of the first part of this two-part paper. This second part looks at the implications of that oscillation as it confronts certain assumptions related to current flow. An oscillation is induced on a circuit that then enables a reversing current flow that exceeds the circuit restrictions to this flow. This is explained using an extension to Faraday’s model of Lines of Force to include a dual charge in the material property of current flow. These explanations are nonstandard and form a small part of a magnetic field model that predicted and required these results. The analysis concludes that energy can be sourced from the inductive and conductive circuit material.

INTRODUCTION.

  A circuit (Fig 1) is designed to reliably induce an oscillation that is enabled for the duration that a negative signal is applied to the gate of the MOSFET Q1. The level of that oscillation can be varied through adjustments to the duty cycle and to the applied signal at the gate of the transistors. The waveforms (Figs 2 & 3) are typical examples of these oscillations that are induced from voltage measured across a current sensing resistor, (RSHUNT) and the battery supply. The oscillations are robust and they represent a current flow that continually reverses direction. This results in a wide swing of the battery voltage that climbs and falls, well above and below its rated capacity. Also, of interest is that there is no circuit path afforded for this discharging period of each cycle within the standard reference, as its path is blocked, both by the transistors’ body diodes and the negative signal applied at the transistors’ gates. Nor indeed have the transistors been compromised to allow for this half of each oscillation. This raises the questions as to what there is in the property of current flow relating to this oscillation that is able to exceed the circuit components’ physical restrictions to this flow and what accounts for the extreme range of the battery voltage resulting from this oscillation.

These questions can be answered within a classical context as it relates to the both the Laws of Charge and Inductive Laws, here modelled with a modification to the standard reference. The modifications are to concepts related to Faraday’s lines of force (Fig 3) that are extended to incorporate a dual charge in a proposed material property of current. Effectively the proposal is made that while multiple lines of force comprise a magnetic field, each line is structured from magnetic dipoles that are naturally organised at 180 degrees to each other. It is then argued that voltage is an imbalanced, open condition of a magnetic field and that current flow is the transfer of those fields through a circuit and back to its terminal source. By returning to the source it is then able to reduce that charge imbalance by closing those open lines or strings. In this way, the justification or direction of current flow is then led by either a positive or a negative charge depending on the applied voltage and the material source of that voltage. And this charge presentation can then be either repelled by, or attracted to, the ionised condition of various transistor materials or to the charge presented at the transistor’s gates. This would then allow for the flow of current or not, depending on the negative or positive charge presented to the circuit and circuit components that are in the path of that flow of current, and on the polarisation of the voltage that has induced that current flow.
...continued

I'm in agreement with the portions I highlighted in bold on the above quote made by Rose.

An electron is an integration of electromagnetic waves.  We can define the electron as deformed magnetic space, propagated in wave form.  Now an electron, as a wave form, is moved in an (anti)clockwise circle. In this spiraloid movement it has a discontinuous wave surface rather like a spiral spring. The movement itself is not discontinuous, but only appears so by virtue of its spiraling movement. It also shows a magnetic phenomenon cancelling out the charge on one side which gives an observer the impression that the energy moves in jumps. Further, it is subject to the outcome of the difference of charge due to this magnetic effect, as well as the result of its rotation.

The so-called orbits K-L-M'0 are nothing but stationary electrical waves in the field of the atom, each having its particular wave structure and frequency. It is known that waves of varying length do not interfere with one another as is shown by radio, even though they occupy the same area of space.

Below is a quote I made earlier in this thread.  This issue must be settled before we know how to correctly measure the device, IMO.

Rosemary,

Thanks for the invite and for including me in this discussion.

Using the right hand and pointing the thumb in the direction of the moving positive charge or positive current and the fingers in the direction of the magnetic field the resulting force on the charge points outwards from the palm. The force on a negatively charged particle is in the opposite direction. If both the speed and the charge are reversed then the direction of the force remains the same. For that reason a magnetic field measurement (by itself) cannot distinguish whether there is a positive charge moving to the right or a negative charge moving to the left. (Both of these cases produce the same current.) On the other hand, a magnetic field combined with an electric field can distinguish between these, such as the Hall effect.

Until this distinction is made, then I have nothing more to say about this nonsense.

Gravock

[Rosemary Ainslie]

AS I WAS SAYING/...

The MOSFET typically has three legs.  It has a DRAIN LEG which is linked to the POSITIVE TERMINAL of the battery.  And it has a SOURCE LEG which is linked directly to the NEGATIVE TERMINAL of the battery.  Nothing too extraordinary.  BUT between these two legs it also has a GATE leg. And this gate is ALWAYS LEFT OPEN.  This is the point at which the circuit is BROKEN that the positive battery terminal has no CLUE how to find it's negative.  HOWEVER.  There is another property to that gate.  PROVIDED IT IS FED WITH A POSITIVE SIGNAL - which is in 'SYNCH', so to speak, with the that discharge of current flow from the battery - then VOILA it provides a BRIDGE to span that gap - that current can, indeed, flow.  Then the battery current can cross that bridge and move back to its source.   So the discharge of that energy from the battery supply source moves from the positive terminal - through the DRAIN LEG - onto the BRIDGE provided by that positive signal at the GATE LEG - and then through to the SOURCE LEG and back to the negative terminal of the battery.

Effectively, the function generator has applied a small potential difference to that Q1 gate.  Which - in turn, generates a small current flow.  And - in our function generator - this little bit of energy comes from a grid supply.  The generator pulls off a small amount of energy from the plug - induces a positive secondary voltage from this energy.  Which results in a small positive current flow.   And then it applies this at its signal terminal - to the gate leg of the MOSFET.  And since we're talking about our circuit - then all of this is managed at Q1.  Then this small current resulting from this applied positive voltage moves FROM the signal TERMINAL - through the gate leg of Q1 - through the source leg of Q1 ... and THEN BACK to the GROUND TERMINAL OF THE SIGNAL PROBE.

NOTA BENE. It does NOT send this energy back to the negative terminal of the battery but back to it's own ground.  And it ENDS UP at the PLUG OF THAT UTILITY SUPPLY SOURCE.  And HOW DO WE KNOW THIS?  It's simple.  If it the function generator could NOT return this current to its OWN source - then it would not be able to generate any current from an applied voltage. Any more than the battery can deliver current flow from ITS POSITIVE terminal if it cannot also return this current to ITS NEGATIVE terminal.  And this little bit of voltage and this little bit of current applied by the function generator - is the BRIDGE.  Which is constructed as a VIABLE  and SHARED current path that the battery USES to connect its own negative and positive terminals.  Then the battery can discharge its energy.  So.  That bridge has effectively CLOSED the circuit to enable a battery supply.

NOW.  Here's the thing.  It only takes a relatively SMALL signal in the form of an applied positive voltage - to manage that link.  To do this - we apply a signal from a function generator.  We set the signal probe of that function generator to the GATE of Q1 and apply a positive voltage in the form of a square wave.   And this positive voltage - as explained - generates a current that flows from the signal terminal to the gate of Q1 to the source leg of Q1 to the signal's ground - and back into the signal generator and back to the utility supplier.  And while it does this then, somehow, the current flow from the battery can 'piggy back' a ride on this current - and move from it's positive terminal to the Drain leg of Q1 - through to the gate - over the bridge provided by that signal terminal - through to the source - and back to ITS own battery negative terminal.  For a brief moment in time - those current flows are very much together - married - until the one separates into the signal's ground terminal and the other separtes onto the source rail of the battery to return to its negative terminal.

NOW.  All things being EQUAL.  When we CHANGE THAT SIGNAL at the gate to a NEGATIVE SIGNAL...

I'm posting this because I think it's long enough. 

Added some ... or that last sentence makes no sense.
Corrected to Q1 (wrote to Q2 - erroneously)