Marko Rodin Coil -- 007 Device

[MileHigh]

There is nothing to debate really,, for a given constant torque being applied it is either on or off.

The simplest of simple,,,, a string wrapped around a pulley,, pull on the string but do not let the pulley turn.

There is lots to debate if you can see.  It is literally impossible to go from a state of zero torque and then instantaneously switch to a state of say one newton-meter of torque.  There will always be a finite rise time and the torque vs. time graph will show a rounded edge to your hypothetical step function that transitions from zero torque to one newton-meter of torque.  The rounded edge is telling you that there are missing high-frequency harmonics in the torque signal.

[poynt99]

Are you going to acknowledge/reply Brad, or am I on ignore?

http://overunity.com/16650/marko-rodin-coil-007-device/msg486600/#msg486600

[poynt99]

A simple drawing of a square wave on a piece of paper has no sine harmonic.

I am perplexed that you believe that, in light of the plethora of information available on this topic.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_wave

From the above, you are able to see how and why a square wave is composed of many higher harmonics when you start with the sine wave fundamental of the frequency.

If you had 100 sine wave generators at your disposal, and had them set at the following frequencies;

1kHz, 3kHz, 5kHz, 7kHz, 9kHz, 11kHz, 13kHz, 15kHz, ad infinitum... with each successive harmonic at the correct lower amplitude, you would end up with a pretty "square" 1kHz square wave, although it may not be perfect. The idea is that it clearly demonstrates that any wave form that is non-sinusoidal is composed of more frequencies than what you would measure as it's fundamental (your scope for eg. measures the fundamental when you have frequency up). Triangle, saw-tooth, rectangular (pulse), etc. are other examples of wave shapes that are composed of many frequency components. It is the specific harmonic frequencies and their relative amplitudes to the fundamental and each other which determines the wave shape.

So, if you took these 100 sine wave generators and fed them in to a 100 input summing amplifier, and turned the generators on one at a time as you went up the frequencies, on the output you would observe something very similar to the attached animated gif. (also on the web page above).

[picowatt]

There are many cases where this harmonic sine business is stretched beyond any practical purpose.
There are also cases where it simply dose not exist,and in some mechanical cases as well.

Every time you use a square wave in a circuit that you are experimenting with and see peaking, ringing, slope, etc, you are seeing this concept in action.  You are seeing the effect your circuit has at the various frequencies (harmonics) contained in your square wave.  Knowing what a square wave morphs into when you boost or cut various harmonics allows you to better understand what the scope's display is telling you.

http://www.kennethkuhn.com/students/ee351/text/square_wave_testing.pdf

http://sound.westhost.com/articles/squarewave.htm

PW

[tinman]

Are you going to acknowledge/reply Brad, or am I on ignore?

http://overunity.com/16650/marko-rodin-coil-007-device/msg486600/#msg486600

No-you are never on ignore Poynt.

To me,a pure square wave would mean just that-pure,and that would mean that the wave shape is pure--free from harmonic ripple.
No one said that the animation PW supplied was a pure square wave,in fact,the opposite is true,where to me,that animation dose not show a pure square wave.

So,it is safe to say that we cannot have a pure square wave form,as everything has an elasticity value,and the harmonics are due to elastic vibration--in electrical terms,we could see that as being !inductive reactance!?.


Brad