Faraday's Paradox experiment

[gravityblock]

Here is a simple test.  Rotate the magnet/disc CW while the external circuit is stationary (the system is a generator).  Take note of the polarity of the disc which will be opposite in direction to our volt meter reading.  So, if our volt meter (our external circuit) says it's running from the rim to axis, then the current is running from the axis to rim in the disc.  We'll say it is pointing from the center to the outward edges in the disc.  Now, with the magnet, disc, and external circuit stationary, run current through the disc where it runs from the axis to rim and take note of the rotation of the magnet/disc (the system is now a motor).  The rotation will be CCW.  This is the counter torque in the HPG.  In order to eliminate the counter torque in the HPG, we must keep it from acting as a motor that opposes the generator or have it act as a motor that is with the generator to provide a forward torque.

Remove the left magnet in the modified illustration and you will see it is a very basic HPG.  The left magnet will not act as a shield.  If it did, then the homopolar motor would not work when current is running through the disc.  Instead of using the left magnet/disc as a motor that is against the rotation of the generator, we use the correct pole of the left magnet according to the direction the current is moving through the left disc to have it behave as a motor that is with the rotation of the generator.

In a HPG, a stationary magnetic field can not induce an EMF in the stationary external circuit.  There is no relative motion between them.  In the modified image, the external circuit is induced with an EMF from the right disc due to relative motion between them. 

If the magnetic field did induce an EMF in both the disc and external circuit, due to them rotating together, then both will have an EMF in the same direction, thus no voltage can be brought out of the system in the rotating frame.

The voltage and emf remains the same throughout any two connection points, on average.  When a stationary frame is connected to the rotating frame, the separated charges now move to the two connection points of the stationary frame.  The separated charges in the stationary frame will now see an EMF in the rotating frame.  Likewise, the charges in the rotating frame will see an EMF in the stationary frame.  This induces an opposite EMF in the stationary frame and creates a voltage potential between the 2 connection points which is equal to the EMF.

[broli]

Sometimes you type too much to read  . So I'll just make this comment and you can make form a conclusion.

I don't know why you assume a voltage is produced in the right setup. Both the disc and the outgoing wire will produce a voltage if they are both rotated in the magnetic field. See the below diagram.

I call this the escape attempt. From the knowledge I have so far no matter how you try to escape from the magnetic field, you will always fail and end up losing what you gained. Unless an invention can shield and contain a wire's magnetic field OR like mentioned before you can allow a permanent magnetic field around a wire without having to close a current loop, this is kind of like shielding in a way. Without that I think any conventional attempt is hopeless. I say this out of experience.

[gravityblock]

I don't know why you assume a voltage is produced in the right setup. Both the disc and the outgoing wire will produce a voltage if they are both rotated in the magnetic field. See the below diagram.

The outgoing wire in the diagram is just part of the rotating disc so it will have the same EMF induced by the magnetic field.  It is not part of the stationary external circuit.  The stationary external circuit is the left disc which provides relative motion between it and the rotating wire and disc to create a voltage.  How can the stationary magnetic field on the right disc induce an EMF or voltage on a stationary disc?  How can the magnetic field induce a different polarity on the disc and stationary circuit?  The rotating frame and stationary frame has to be looked at as being separate.  The rotating frame may have a magnetic field, while a stationary frame sees an electric field in the rotating frame and vice versa.  You have to look at each frame individually, then compare the two frames.

It does not produce a voltage.  It produces an EMF.  When the wires of the rotating frame are connected to a stationary frame such as a disc or wire piece, the separated charges or EMF moves to the stationary frame from the rotating frame.  Now there is an EMF in the stationary frame.   The stationary frame see's the EMF on the rotating frame pointing in one direction.  The rotating frame see's the EMF on the stationary frame pointing in the other direction.   This forms a closed loop and creates a voltage between the two frames, which is between the axis and rim.  The charges in each frame will move in opposite directions.  On the right side (axis to rim), left side (rim to axis).

It takes two EMF's pointing in the opposite direction to each other in order to have a voltage.  When we test the polarity of the disc with a volt meter, our volt meter acts as an external circuit.  Without the volt meter or external circuit, there is only an EMF on the disc with no voltage potential.  With a volt meter, the meter acts as the stationary circuit providing relative motion between the rotating and stationary frame to close the loop and an EMF between the two connections will be read.  The polarity the volt meter reads, will be opposite to the polarity in the disc.  The EMF our volt meter reads is always said to be the voltage potential but in reality it creates a return path and EMF opposite in direction to the rotating frame to be read.  What the meter is reading, is not in the same frame as what is being read.   LOL

[gravityblock]

@broli:

Shielding the magnetic field does not work and I know why.  It is because the voltage remains the same between the two connection points.  If you shield everything between the two connection points, then you won't have any voltage.  If shielding is done properly, then you can divert the return path of the magnetic field.

In the modified illustration, it is both a motor and a generator that are working together.  In the conventional HPG's, the magnetic field from the current flowing radially through the disc causes the magnet to spin against the rotation of the generator.  The motor and generator are united together.  All I have done is separated the motor from the generator by reversing the pole on the stationary magnet so it provides a torque with the generator.  This can not be done using one magnet and one disc.  You need 2 magnets and 2 discs.  One set is for the motor and the other set is for the generator.  Each side separates the motor from the generator like a firewall so they can work together instead of against each other.  Without a firewall between the motor and generator, then all attempts will fail.

[gravityblock]

The electric field of the magnet does rotate with the magnet.  The magnetic field of the current running through the disc acts on the electric field of the magnet which causes the magnet to rotate according to the direction the electric field is pointing in the magnet and according to the direction the current is moving in the disc.

We can't shield the magnetic field of the current running through the disc, but we can change which direction the electric field is pointing in the stationary magnet by reversing the poles to match the direction of rotation in the system.  Since we reversed the poles on the magnet, this will cause the magnetic field of the magnet to act against the flow of the moving charges on the disc and wire.  This creates resistance in the system, which will increase the voltage and decrease the flow of current and that is not a bad thing because we need the voltage.

We converted the counter torque to a forward torque or at least eliminated the counter torque, we raised the voltage, and decreased the current.  I can live that.


GB