Are scalar waves BS?

[pomodoro]

The spheres act as capacitors, so your hand intercepts the field. At some wavelength, in the higher MHz, the capacitance of the sphere might resonate with the pancake coil and radiate some power as maxwell / hertzian waves. How much depends on the radiation resistance. Out of resonance, not much is radiated, but if close enough, the spheres communicate by an electric field as in a capacitor. Earthing and not connecting by wire will reduce the signal dramatically. Tesla also used a mast way too short for effective radiation at the wavelength of the frequency he used.

[Farmhand]

Here is a link to Lord Kelvin's paper: On the Generation of Longitudinal Waves in Ether

Has anybody tried to test this with bipolar Tesla coil? Than there would be no need for that single wire.

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@Farmhand

Those coils that you made are really nice.

Did you make them yourself?

What frequency were they tuned to?

Thanks for the link to Thomson's paper. I'll check that out.

Those coils were the first Tesla coils I constructed and operated at about 460 kHz. I experimented with a delay line between the transformers as the connecting wire as well, which was a length of cable coiled up and tuned with a capacitor to the resonant frequency so that there was a 1/4 Wavelength on the connecting wire as well, that did improve the performance and stability a bit.

To do it better ground planes should be used under the coils maybe.

......................

To comment on the hand interfering with the transmission, this is more likely the fact that if one places a grounded object like the
hand within the induction field of either coil the L/C of the coil changes and that puts the setup out of tune and the power drops
off, it's not shielding it's adding capacitance and de-tuning the coil.

Also when Meyl shows two different frequencies in my opinion he is showing a lower harmonic excitement at the lower frequency
which is less powerful and easier to disturb, then he increases the driver frequency to the frequency of resonance of the coils and
this shows a strong resonant response which is more powerful and more difficult to disturb.

These setups are not meant to radiate radio waves, they are not radio transmitters the elevated capacitance allows a large
potential to develop and the charge to be contained ( not leak off) then this high potential causes the current to flow into the
ground causing a ground disturbance, when tuned the ground disturbance created by the transmitter can be used to excite a
receiver at a distance to resonant activity, at the base of the transmitter is a ground plate and near or at that is a 0 volt current
node, at 1/4 wavelength from the transmitter the potential alternations of the standing wave is maximum. And so if the system
is tuned to the diameter of the planet then the farther you could get from the transmitter the greater the potential fluctuation
you have to excite the receiver, 0 volt node at the transmitter base and maximum potential alternation at the anti-node on the
opposite side of the planet. Now if the setup was tuned to 3 x 1/4 wavelengths across the planet then there would be one point
between the transmitter and receiver where the potential alternation would be about the same as at the receiver.  The system
could be tuned to have an odd multiple of the 1/4 wavelength between transmitter and receiver and this will result in a maximum
potential alternation at the receiver and at every odd multiple of the 1/4 wavelength distance. Going back from the 1/4
wavelength towards the transmitter would see the potential of the alternations decrease to zero at the transmitter. Simple.

Having said all that it would be almost impossible to totally suppress the emission of some radio waves which Tesla clearly states
as well.

Close to the transmitter the induction field can be used to power stuff, but that's not radiations.

Tesla states that his transmitters can be tuned to emit different ratios of radio waves to ground currents/disturbance/waves.


A radio transmitter on the other hand, the radiated power drops off with distance, and the transmitter is tuned to maximum radiation of "radio waves", but ground disturbance and ground current still occur to some degree.

A radio transmitter the radiated energy is maximized and the ground is the reference.

A Tesla transmitter the radiated energy is minimized the ground currents are maximized and the elevated terminal is the reference.

The connecting conductor is a transmission line.

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[DROBNJAK]

@Farmhand

Thanks for detailed explanation. Very useful, I can learn a lot from that.

Your explanation of how Dr. Meyl's hand changed capacitance of the system and de-tuned L/C circuit is 100% spot on.

Q: when you design your stuff, do you start from equations or do you just follow trial & error method?

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I've just read this article that somebody in this thread: Observation of scalar longitudinal electrodynamic waves. Guys called Monstein & Wesley did a competent experiment with pulsating 433.59 MHz spherical source charge. They separated oscillating sphere by almost 1km (0.7miles) and still got resonance from a scalar wave.

[Farmhand]

Well the very first Tesla transformers I made took some time to get the resonant frequency down to a low enough frequency so that
my home made input circuit could excite the "transmitter" primary at the full resonant frequency, at the time I was unaware of the online Tesla coil design calculators. Like this- http://www.extremeelectronics.co.uk/index.php?page=oltc_calc

They work very well for simple solenoids and there are different ones for different coil types, however they cannot predict exactly
the results when we use a 3 coil system ( primary - secondary - extra coil ).

So now to design a three coil setup I use a combination of the online calculator, regular calculations and my previous experiences
to get as close as possible to what I want. Then there is always a need to fine tune the coils to each other and also to use an
appropriate driver circuit so the frequency of excitement can be varied as well.

For example I know that when different loads are applied in different ways certain adjustments will need to be made to keep the
system in "full transfer power tune" or in " full terminal voltage tune". When actually transmitting power at the systems limits
to output power from the receiver output coil the voltage at the elevated terminals will begin to get pulled down by the load.

Being a tuned circuit it's all about the tuning and I find its always best if I can finely adjust the primary inductance and
capacitance as well as the secondary inductance (tuning coil between secondary bottom and the ground stake), it's not practical
to vary the elevated terminal capacitance "on the fly" so being able to vary almost every other parameter a bit either side of full
resonance is very useful.

some loads add capacitance and some loads can reduce inductance ect.

..

[DROBNJAK]

@Farmhand: Thanks Man, thanks. I love reading this stuff.

What do you think about bipolar coils? I was thinking, everybody says that both Tesla's and Meyl's power transfer is not valid, because of use of grounding. So, I thought ungrounded bipolar coil should prove it either way. But one would need to make and tune 4 coils!