The Master Of Magnetics "Steven Mark"

[Grumpy]

World Patents actually have a classification for devices that produce "excess energy".

China will grant a patent for and OU device, but it must operate continuously for 6 months first.

In my humble opinion, free energy is not for the elite to sieze and control, but to ease the pain of the humble layman.  No one that has ever attempted to bring an OU device to market has or will succeed.  Only by sharing knowledge and helping each other will we overcome our demise and benefit from this technology.

[giantkiller]

World Patents actually have a classification for devices that produce "excess energy".

China will grant a patent for and OU device, but it must operate continuously for 6 months first.

In my humble opinion, free energy is not for the elite to sieze and control, but to ease the pain of the humble layman.  No one that has ever attempted to bring an OU device to market has or will succeed.  Only by sharing knowledge and helping each other will we overcome our demise and benefit from this technology.

They are all dead.

[Gustav22]

Trapped radiation / Magnetic trapping / Radiation belt.


     Circling around magnetic field lines.


    Electrons and ions, of the energies commonly encountered in the magnetosphere, tend to circle around magnetic field lines.
Like the motion of planets around the Sun, this motion too can sustain itself with no energy input, and can therefore (in principle) persist for a long time.

          Opposite charges circle in opposite directions; around a field line pointing towards the viewer, ions circle clockwise, electrons counterclockwise.


     Bouncing back and forth between "mirror points."


    As such particles circle their guiding field line, the "guiding center" of their rotation generally slides up or down that line, creating a typical spiral pattern.
However, a subtle interaction causes the spiraling particle to be repelled from regions of stronger magnetic field, where field lines converge.


    Because a particle is repelled as it moves into a region of stronger field, its advance along its guiding field line slows down.
Its sliding velocity finally drops to zero and then reverses, causing the particle to bounce back or "mirror."

    Without this sort of "mirroring," ions and electrons would not be trapped in the Earth's magnetosphere, but would instead follow their guiding field lines into the atmosphere, where they would be absorbed and become lost.
What usually happens instead, is that every time a trapped particle approaches Earth, it is reflected back.
It is thus confined to the more distant section of the field line.


    Drift around the Earth


    In addition to the rapid rotation ("gyration") around field lines and the back-and-forth "bounce" motion, trapped particles also undergo a slow "drift", by which they jump from one field line onto another one nearby, similar to the original one but slightly rotated around the Earth's magnetic axis. Viewed from the north pole, a positive ion will gradually rotate clockwise, a negative electron counter-clockwise.


    The Ring Current


    Because positive ions and negative electrons drift in opposite directions , that motion will create an electric current that circulates clockwise around the Earth when viewed from north.
The current is aptly named the ring current.

    Note how different electric currents in space are from those encountered in everyday life!
Currents we use at home--for light, to drive machinery or to generate heat--only flow if pushed by an electric pressure or voltage, against the resistance of the circuitry.
The flow of such currents is in many ways similar to the flow of water through a pipe--water, too, will only flow if pressure is available, to help it overcome the friction inside the pipe.
The flow of both water and electricity require a constant input of energy: once we click the switch and disconnect a house current from its source of voltage, it stops practically instantly.

    The flow of the ring current, and of many other currents in space, is quite different.
It needs neither a driving voltage nor an energy input, but persists as long as its ions and electrons are trapped in the magnetic field.
Many aspects of such "collision-free plasmas" are quite unlike what one might expect, and are often hard to reproduce in the laboratory: that is why the magnetosphere is probably our best "natural laboratory" for studying the processes of distant space.


   Magnetic Storms


    The magnetic field produced by the ring current contributes (rather slightly) to the magnetic field observed at the surface of the Earth.
There are however times when the population of trapped particles is greatly reinforced.
The ring current then becomes stronger and its magnetic effect at Earth may grow 10-fold or more: that is known as a magnetic storm.
The reinforcing particles are generally of moderate energy, but can be quite numerous.
Such events can interfere with the operation of communication satellites and cause other problems.

    If trapped orbits are so stable that their particles cannot be easily lost, those particles should not be able to easily enter them, either.
How then can the radiation belt and ring current arise?

    The inner radiation belt, discovered by Explorers 1 and 3, turns out to be a slowly accumulating by-product of cosmic radiation, as explained in a later section.

    The ring current however (its energetic part is often called the "outer radiation belt"), owes its existence to magnetic storms, which can replenish it in the matter of hours.
The process by which that happens is still incompletely understood, but it involves electric forces, combining with magnetic ones.
Electric fields are able to push trapped particles earthward, and unlike the purely magnetic motion described earlier, an electric field can also energize them.

    The ultimate source of the energy and electric field must be the solar wind, and theories exist to explain how they are transmitted.
Many details are still unclear and controversial.

Deflection of a beam of Electrons in the Earth's Field
The Earth's field does bend the trajectories of electrons and ions, but not by much.


   Trapped Circular Motion


The magnetic force on a moving particle is always perpendicular to the motion, as well as to the magnetic field lines.
That is why the basic pattern is motion in a circle, around a magnetic field line. In the motion of a satellite circling the Earth above the atmosphere, gravity always balances the centrifugal force. Similarly with the charged particle, the magnetic and centrifugal forces are always balanced.

  Because the force is perpendicular to the velocity, it can only change the direction of motion, not its speed or energy.
Because no energy is needed to keep up the motion, it can (in principle) persist indefinitely.


   Mirroring


  The fact that the magnetic force is perpendicular to magnetic field lines means that when a particle spirals around a cone of converging field lines, that force is always slightly tilted backwards .

The motion of ions on coverging field lines.
By the laws of motion, any force can always be resolved into the sum of mutually perpendicular forces, each controlling the motion in its direction.
The "radial force" perpendicular to the axis of the cone keeps the ion or electron turning in a circle around that axis, and is balanced (as noted above) by the centrifugal force of that rotation.

  In addition, however, there will also exist a small force parallel to the axis, repelling the particle away from the tip of the cone.
That added force gradually slows down the particle's advance down the axis and finally reverses it, causing it to "mirror" and bounce back.

G

[Grumpy]

Sounds like Stefan Marinov's MAGVID which is an electron trap.

Anyway, where the Hell is Mannix?  Did he get stuck in a scorch field or electron trap?

[otto]

Hello all,

HAPPY NEW YEAR

Its new year morning and Im online because I have a lot of work to do in the German speaking site and of course, here. I dont remember if I posted a picture about the control coil connections (Tesla Patent 390 721). I have to look.

A long time Im thinking about our MOSFETs we are useing in our TPUs.

A IRF 730 worked just fine in my setup.
A IRF 840 worked much better and in this moment Im using them but thats NOT the BINGO, to say it in this way.

Grumpy
yesterday I tried to connect the diodes as you showed us. I used first Zeners like in your shematic - nothing! Then I used fast switching diodes - nothing! Then I used oridinary diodes - nothing!
I dont want to "filter" this signals anymore. I have s... I mean hash, then let it be. I dont care. But every idea is of course welcome so, Grumpy, if you have more ideas about how I can do my TPU better you are welcome. If I can try I will do so.

Otto