Emulsifying Brown's Gas

[kremlin01]

GolenE, would' not we all like to get our head round this!
But your doing a great job so far, and your conversation with the 'Bubble-man' are much appreciated.
I have to say there is a great feeling of good things to come on this site, if you can just keep us focused.

Many thanks, Bren.

[goldenequity]

I suspect that what we're dealing with is a matter of semantics in the "advertising world".
Can you call Brown's gas .... water? I suppose so but it's not exactly the "truth" from an engineering standpoint. (imo).
But we do have enough information to do some backwards calculations:

If we have take the end product..... let's say 100 liters of EM-fuel gas emulsion.
They say it's 60% Kerosene...... that's 60 liters (volume) of Kerosene.
The remaining 40% of "volume" is 4% LIQUID water.... that's 4 liters Water.
that leaves 36% volume OR 36 volume liters as GAS of emulsion Foam.

Dividing that 36 liters of GAS (foam) by 1800 would reduce the approximate gas volume back to liquid water.
36/1800 = 0.02L of liquid water = 20 milliliters

So..... the Nanomizer is roughly converting 20 milliliters of every 4 liters of water to GAS.
That translates to 0.5% "electrolysed".... (not really "electrolysed" either.... more like "pulverized" by magnetic/shear separation.)

Anyway..... that's my take...... how close am I Michael? 

PS.... not to belittle the power of the Nanomizer either...... I'm not sure what your FLOWRATE is through the Nanomizer..... but even
fracturing 20 milliliters of water into gas takes a fair amount of TIME with standard "brute force" electrolysis..... on the scale electrolysers we use....So the Nanomiser is STILL quite a respectable device. 

[goldenequity]

GolenE, would' not we all like to get our head round this!
But your doing a great job so far, and your conversation with the 'Bubble-man' are much appreciated.
I have to say there is a great feeling of good things to come on this site, if you can just keep us focused.

Many thanks, Bren.

Thanks Krem.....
actually going through all this in my head has helped alot in keeping on track towards solving the puzzle.

We now know the proper proportions to create our gas emulsion fuel.
Let's say we have a 100L (26.4 gallons) capable tank/pump backyard setup.... the average "tank" volume fillup for a Diesel truck.

Add 60L / 16 gallons of diesel to the processing tank
Mix together (*exact proportion to be determined) say .5% / 500ML / 2 cups /32 ounces of surfactant to 4L / 1Gal. Water.
We now know we want to introduce
36L of Brown's Gas to be trapped as "foam".... so,
if we have a 1L/min electrolyser..... we venturi the output for 36 minutes while we bleed the water/emulsifier mixture
into the same venturi..... and we already know to introduce that "little" amount of liquid water/surfactant rather rapidly....
because the previous patent sez that "faster is better".
We should end up with 100 L / 26.5 Gallons of our "own" EM Fuel.

We're still on track! I'm excited. 

[goldenequity]

We can now also determine what size pump we need for this scale setup.

Our liquid that we now want to circulate is 16gal diesel plus 1gal water
for a total of 17gal of liquid.

We want to circulate that at least 20-40 times to get our bubble size and dispersion correct
according to the previous patent. So let's say 30 times.

Our electrolyser is going to be "finished" in 36 minutes.
If we want to sychronize our pump to the electrolyser....
we need to recirculate our 17 gal. 30 times in 36 minutes or 17X30= 510gal. in 36min.
510/36 = 14 GPM

That's a pretty big pump ..... but we'd be completely process our fuel in about 36 minutes.
and I think there's some flexability here.... smaller pumps would just take longer... but would probably still do the job.
So.... all that to say.... get the biggest pump you can find/afford.... open impeller of course. 

NOTE: This would be a good sized setup for production..... BUT we're STILL in a "proof of concept" mode..... so I
would still scale all this down in proper proportion to a "bench" top model first..... just do the math and say make a 5gal. processor,
or do what a friend of mine is working on..... use a kitchen BLENDER and adapt/input the output tube of your electrolyser down into the vortex of the liquid.... "purge" the blender of "air" first with HHO before you turn on the blender! 

[goldenequity]

A (very) Short Course in Surfactants:
There are 2 terms used in the surfactant world...... hydrophyllic (loves water) and lipophyllic (loves oil). 

A system was developed (by the Atlas Corporation 1971) to "rate" those properties,

primarily for nonionic surfactants, that is called the HLB.... the Hydrophyllic Lipophyllic Balance.  The "normal" working scale is 0.5 - 19.5 (there are exceptions!)

ALL SURFACTANTS HAVE BOTH a water loving portion and an oil loving portion or they would not have surface activity.
That ratio is what is called its "balance" or HLB.......(is this getting boring??  )
The lower HLB numbers are more Lipophyllic and more oil soluble
The higher HLB numbers are Hydrophyllic and more water soluble

Experience shows a good surfactant system should have a blend of at least 2 surfactants; mixtures of a Low HLB and a High HLB
give MUCH better coverage at the interface and can offer the best economics by using the LEAST amount of total required surfactant to
provide a stable emulsion.

The hydrophyllic side is usually a polyhydric alcohol (alcohol with an OH attached) OR ethylene oxide
The lipophyllic side is usually a fatty acid or a fatty alcohol.
Very often.....Ethylene oxide can therefore be added to a variety of alcohols, amines and fatty acids

Although there are 7 major types of nonionic surfactants.... there are 2 that absolutely dominate the nonionic market (so most "formulas") will include at least one surfactant from these catagories:
ALCOHOL ETHOXYLATES
or
ALKYLPHENOL ETHOXYLATES (excellent cleaning agents for grease and oil)

Two other catagories are often selected from in choosing a 2nd or 3rd surfactant to achieve a desired result for an intended application:
FATTY AMINE OXIDES (high foaming; dishwashing liquids, cleansers and other products where high foam is acceptable)
ALKANOLAMIDES (foam stabilizing/viscosity enhancing)

• *Alkanolamides are based mainly on coconut oil, the most common being Coconut Diethanolamide A.K.A. Cocamide DEA

btw.... Luc
here's a "standard" recipe for a hand cleaner:     hey.... it's worth a try..... why not?

Part A:   White Spirit or Turps                            39.00%
                        Oleic Acid                         7.60%
 
               Part B: TRIETHANOLAMINE              3.60%
                       Ethoxylated Nonyl Phenol           5.00%
                        PROPYLENE GLYCOL             2.50%
                       Glycerine                                  1.00%
                        Water                  41.30%
                                                                  100.00%
 
      (Lanolin) can be added to Part A If desired.
 
         Heat Part B to 70C and add Part A with agitation.